With overcrowded schools as a project vehicle, this thesis investigates the expansion and contraction of an existing infrastructure" and the relationship that developed between the two. The proposed intervention, guided by the site, touches on an urban scale by generating a gateway into the city. / Master of Architecture

Internal migration of Vietnamese in Czechia and its regularities Abstract: The purpose of this diploma thesis is to identify the key factors in the spatial distribution of the Vietnamese, characterize trends of their internal mobility in the Czech Republic and in two regions - Karlovarský and Ústecký. These both regions are characterized by a high concentration of Vietnamese in the Czech Republic. The thesis uses a questionnaire survey among Vietnamese migrants which took place on whole territory of the Czech Republic in 2013. Therefore we can describe their reasons for coming to our republic, trends in internal mobility and future migration plans. Part of the thesis is focused on relationship between the migration of Vietnamese and their employment or accommodation. Keywords: international migration, internal migration, immigrants, Vietnamese, spatial distribution of immigrants, Karlovarský region, Ústecký region, questionnaire survey

Apart from the p53 protein, the TP53 tumor-suppressor gene is expressed as another eleven protein isoforms with the use of alternative splicing, alternative promotors and alternative translational initiation sites. Abnormal expression of these isoforms has been observed in tumor tissues. The binding properties as well as the biological functions are also modulated, due to sequential and therefore structural differences from the p53 protein. p53 is regulated by these isoforms in both suppressive and supportive manner. Explanation of the p53 isoform regulation mechanism in cells could lead to desired alternative splicing of the chosen isoforms, and modulation of isoform expression could be used in cancer treatment based on p53 therapy. Basic information about p53 protein is summarised in the theoretical part of this master thesis, supplemented with recent advances in the field of p53 isoforms, as well as the Gateway cloning method. The main goal of the experimental part was p53 isoform production in a bacterial expression system. Prior to the protein production, DNA sequences coding twelve p53 isoforms were prepared using PCR and Gateway cloning. In total, twelve entry clones and eight expression clones were prepared by cloning the isoforms’ sequences. After the protein production and purification, the detection using SDS-PAGE and Western Blotting was performed with five p53 protein isoforms: p53, 40p53, 40p53 and 40p53. DNA binding properties of p53 protein isoforms will be tested in subsequent research.

This thesis project explores two well-known real-time web technologies: WebSocket and WebRTC. It explores the use of a mobile phone as a gateway to connect wireless devices with short range of radio links to the Internet in order to foster an Internet of Things (IoT). This thesis project aims to solve the problem of how to collect real-time data from an IoT device, using the Earl toolkit. With this thesis project an Earl device is able to send real-time data to Internet connected devices and to other Earl devices via a mobile phone acting as a gateway. This thesis project facilitates the use of Earl in design projects for IoT devices. IoT enables communication with many different kinds of “things” such as cars, fridges, refrigerators, light bulbs, etc. The benefits of IoT range from financial savings due to saving energy to monitoring the heart activity of a patient with heart problems. There are many approaches to connect devices in order to create an IoT. One of these approaches is to use a mobile phone as a gateway, i.e., to act as a router, between IoT and the Internet. The WebSocket protocol provides efficient communication sessions between web servers and clients by reducing communication overhead. The WebRTC project aims to provide standards for real-time communications technology. WebRTC is important because it is the first real-time communications standard which is being built into browsers. This thesis evaluates the benefits which these two protocols offer when using a mobile phone as a gateway between an IoT and Internet. This thesis project implemented several test beds, collected data concerning the scalability of the protocols and the latency of traffic passing through the gateway, and presents a numerical analysis of the measurement results. Moreover, an LED module was built as a peripheral for an Earl device. The conclusion of the thesis is that WebSocket and WebRTC can be utilized to connect IoT devices to Internet. / I detta examensarbete utforskas två välkända realtidsteknologier på internet: WebSocket och WebRTC. Det utforskar användandet av en mobiltelefon som gateway för att ansluta trådlösa enheter - med kort räckvidd - till Internet för att skapa ett Internet of Things (IoT). Det här examensarbetet försöker med hjälp av verktyget Earl lösa problemet med hur insamlandet av realtidsdata från en IoT-enhet skall genomföras. I det här examensprojektet kan en Earl-enhet skicka data i realtid till enheter med Internetanslutning, samt till andra Earl-enheter, med hjälp av en mobiltelefon som gateway. Detta projektarbete förenklar användandet av Earl i design-projekt ör IoT-enheter. IoT tillåter kommunikation mellan olika sorters enheter, så som bilar, kyl- och frysskåp, glödlampor etc. Fördelarna med IoT kan vara allt från ekonomiska - tack vare minskad energiförbrukning - till medicinska i form av övervakning av puls hos patienter med hjärtproblem. Det finns många olika tillvägagångssätt för att sammankoppla enheter till ett IoT. Ett av dessa är att använda en mobiltelefon som en gateway, dvs en router mellan IoT och internet. WebSocket-protokollet erbjuder effektiv kommunikation mellan web-servrar och klienter tack vare minskad överflödig dataöverföring. WebRTC-projektet vill erbjuda standarder för realtidskommunikation. WebRTC är viktigt då det är den första sådana standarden som inkluderas i webläsare. Det här examensarbetet utvärderar fördelarna dessa två protokoll erbjuder i det fallet då en mobiltelefon används som gateway mellan ett IoT och Internet. I det här examensprojektet implementerades ett flertal testmiljöer, protokollens skalbarhet och fördröjningen av trafiken genom mobiltelefonen (gateway) undersöktes. Detta presenteras i en numerisk analys av mätresultaten. Dessutom byggdes en LED-modul som tillbehör till en Earl-enhet. Slutsatsen av examensarbetet är att WebSocket och WebRTC kan användas till att ansluta IoT-enheter till Internet.

As a result of developments, domestic usage of smart appliances by homeowners is increasing drastically. Clustering these appliances together and making them function as an efficient system defines a new place to live or new way of living called a “smart home”. While a smart home provides comfort to homeowners, realizing a smart home involves many technical and business oriented hurdles to be crossed. The primary goal of this thesis work is to design and evaluate the design of a residential gateway. This gateway should be designed as a standardized, secure, open source, hardware independent, and interoperable Residential Gateway. A service-oriented architecture is proposed using the OSGi framework to design the residential gateway and its individual components. These components include an access control component for homeowner authorization, a resource management component for managing connected devices, an automation component to realize an automation service, and finally a context component to provide context aware services to the homeowner. The final design proposed tries to solve the issues faced by some automation systems that are available in market. The evaluation of the design includes whether the design satisfies the basic requirements for a home gateway. This is followed by a comparison with existing systems with an emphasis on the improved features. The components proposed in the design could be used to construct a residential gateway that supports multiple services and multiple users. The proposed design will be taken into consideration during the design of Acreo’s home automation system. / Som en följd av utvecklingen inom vetenskap och teknik så har användningen av smarta lösningar i hushållen ökat drastiskt. Att samla dessa apparater och få dem att fungera tillsammans som ett effektivt system, skapar ett nytt hem och ett nytt sätt att leva: ett smart hem. Å ena sidan så ger smartare lösningar ett bekvämare boende, men å andra sidan innebär det också många tekniska och affärsinriktade hinder att ta sig över. Det primära målet med denna avhandling är att utforma en bostadsgateway som är att utforma en standardiserad, säker, open source, maskinvaruoberoende, interoperabel Residential Gateway. En serviceorienterad arkitektur föreslås med hjälp av OSGi-ramverket för utformning av bostadsgateway-komponenter. Komponenterna innefattar behörighetskontroll för husägare för tillgångskontroll, resurshanteringskomponenter för hantering av anslutna enheter, automationskomponent för att inkludera automationstjänst och slutligen kontextkomponent för att tillhandahålla kontextbevakad tjänster till husägaren. Den slutliga designen som föreslås försöker lösa de problem som vissa automationssystem som finns på marknaden står inför. Utvärderingen av konstruktionen med grundläggande krav för att bygga hemgateways och med befintliga system ger information om de improviserade funktionerna. De komponenter som föreslås i konstruktionen kan användas för att bygga en bostadsgateway som stöder flera tjänster och flera användare. Den föreslagna konstruktionen kommer att beaktas vid utformningen av Acreos hemautomatiseringssystem.

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 18-21, 2004 / Town & Country Resort, San Diego, California / This paper describes the TENA architecture, which has been proposed by the Foundation Initiative 2010 (FI 2010) project as the basis for future US Test Range software systems. The benefits of this new architecture are explained by comparing the future TENA-enabled range infrastructure with the current situation of largely non-interoperable range resources. Legacy equipment and newly acquired off-the-shelf equipment that does not directly support TENA can be integrated into a TENA environment using TENA Gateways. This paper focuses on issues related to the construction of such gateways, including the important issue of real-time requirements when dealing with real-world data acquisition instruments. The benefits of leveraging commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) Data Acquisition Systems that are based on true real-time operating systems are discussed in the context of TENA Gateway construction.

This research contributes to the emerging dialogue concerning power relationships and the alliances that are challenging current frameworks in an attempt to create positive change. Worldwide, local people in rural places are threatened by development paradigms and conflicting social, political, economic, and ecological values. Large-scale development, such as the Enbridge Northern Gateway Project (NGP), provide a tangible example of our failing systems and make the interplay of these elements palpable. Increasingly, communities are coalescing to challenge the current models and economically motivated agendas threatening Indigenous sovereignty and local lifeways. Central to these coalitions are Indigenous peoples who are aligning with non-Indigenous neighbours to renegotiate power relationships. This research examines these dynamic alliances and uses Haida Gwaii’s resistance to the NGP as an example of the formidable strength of community coalitions mobilized by intersecting values. To contextualize the NGP within the broader discourse, I problematize Canada’s environmental assessment process and consider how media portrays the growing resistance to the proposed project. Drawing on information presented through the environmental assessment, I analyze the main messages and shared values of Haida Gwaii citizens opposed to the NGP. This thesis focuses on this unanimous and galvanizing resistance, which is largely motivated by the reliance on local food sources and an embodied connection to Haida Gwaii shared by Island citizens. The continued denial of Aboriginal title and rights was inherent throughout this consideration and is an underlying theme throughout the analyses. / Graduate

Student Number : 9607275H - MSc dissertation - School of Electrical and Information Engineering - Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment / Internet worms are capable of quickly propagating by exploiting vulnerabilities of hosts that have access to the Internet. Once a computer has been infected, the worms have access to sensitive information on the computer, and are able to corrupt or retransmit this information. This dissertation describes a method of predicting Internet instability due to the presence of a worm on the Internet, using data currently available from global Internet routers. The work is based on previous research which has indicated a link between the increase in the number of Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) routing messages and global Internet instability. The type of system used to provide the prediction is known as an autoencoder. This is a specialised type of neural network, which is able to provide a degree of novelty for inputs. The autoencoder is trained to recognise “normal” data, and therefore provides a high novelty output for inputs dissimilar to the normal data. The BGP Update routing messages sent between routers were used as the only inputs to the autoencoder. These intra-router messages provide route availability information, and inform neighbouring routers of any route changes. The outputs from the network were shown to help provide an early warning mechanism for the presence of a worm. An alternative method for detecting instability is a rule-based system, which generates alarms if the number of certain BGP routing messages exceeds a prespecified threshold. This project compared the autoencoder to a simple rule-based system. The results showed that the autoencoder provided a better prediction and was less complex for a network administrator to configure. Although the correlation between the number of BGP Updates and global Internet instability has been shown previously, this work presents the first known application of a neural network to predict the instability using this correlation. A system based on this strategy has the potential to reduce the damage done by a worm’s propagation and payload, by providing an automated means of detection that is faster than that of a human.

Internet est le réseau le plus gigantesque que l'humanité ne se soit pourvu. Il fournit un nombre important de services à plus de deux milliards d'utilisateurs. Cette topologie grandissante et complexe pêche en stabilité, ce qui peut notamment être constaté quand un appel voix est interrompu, quand une page web à besoin d'être rafraîchie, etc. L'initiateur de cette instabilité est l'ensemble des événements constatés dans l'Internet. Ceci nous motive à une Étude profonde de la stabilité d'Internet afin de suggère des solutions à cette problématique. Internet est divisé en deux niveaux de base: le niveau AS (Autonomous System) et le niveau de routage. Cette distinction se répercute dans les protocoles de routage qui contrôlent le trafic Internet à travers deux types de protocoles: extérieur (inter-AS) et intérieur (intra-AS). L'unique protocole de routage extérieur utilité est le mode externe de BGP (External Border Gateway Protocol) tandis qu'il en existe plusieurs de type intérieur. De fait, la stabilisation de l'Internet est corrélée à la stabilité des protocoles de routage. Cela pousse les efforts de traitement de l'instabilité de l'Internet à Étudier le comportement du protocole de routage (BGP). Analyser les résultats des comportements de BGP dans son mode externe (eBGP) souffre d'un temps de convergence important menant notamment à des réponses lentes des évènements de topologie et, à terme, à la perte du trafic. Les études établissent également que le mode interne de BGP (iBGP) souffre de plusieurs types d'anomalies de routage causant la divergence. Afin d'illustrer la stabilité de BGP, nous avons besoin d'un modèle de routage qui formule la procédure de décision et le flot de signalisation. De plus, les améliorations de BGP ne peuvent pas être aisément validées dans l'Internet, rendant ainsi les modèles de BGP indispensables à une validation formelle. De fait, la première étape dans l'étude du routage inter-domaine est de définir un modèle approprié permettant la formulation de ses opérations et de prouver sa correction. Nous avons proposé deux modèles complémentaires: topologique et fonctionnel, avec lesquels nous avons formulé le processus de convergence du routage et démontré la sécurité et la robustesse de nos solutions d'inter/intra-AS. Notre proposition d'inter-AS élimine les déconnections transitoires causées par une faible convergence d'eBGP en suggérant une stratégie de backup lors d'une panne. Notre proposition d'intra-AS (skeleton) donne une alternative aux configurations internes existantes, pour laquelle nous avons montré l'absence d'anomalies. / Internet is the hugest network the humanity has ever known. It provides a large number of various services to more than two billion users. This complex and growing topology lacks stability, which we can notice when a voice call is dropped, when a web page needs to be refreshed, etc. The initiator of this instability is the frequent events around the Internet. This motivates us to unleash a profound study to tackle Internet stability and suggest solutions to overcome this concern. Internet is divided into two obvious levels: AS (Autonomous System) level and router level. This distinction is reflected on the routing protocols that control the Internet traffic through two protocol types: exterior (inter-AS) and interior (intra-AS). The unique used exterior routing protocol is the external mode of BGP (External Border Gateway Protocol), while there are several used internal routing protocols. Therefore, stabilizing the Internet is correlated to the routing protocol stability, which directs such efforts to the investigation of routing protocol (BGP) behavior. Studying BGP behaviors results in that its external mode (eBGP) suffers from long convergence time which is behind the slow response to topology events and, in turn, the traffic loss. Those studies state also that BGP internal mode (iBGP) suffers from several types of routing anomalies that causes its divergence.Therefore, we propose enhancements for both BGP modes: eBGP and iBGP and try to meet the following objectives: Scalability, safety, robustness, correctness, and backward compatibility with current version of BGP. Our eBGP proposal eliminates the transient disconnectivity caused by slow convergence by suggesting a backup strategy to be used upon the occurrence of a failure. IBGP proposal (skeleton) gives an alternative to the existing internal configurations, that we prove its freeness of anomalies. Validation methods are essential to prove that the suggested enhancements satisfy the attended objectives. Since we are tackling an interdomain subject, then it is not possible to do validation in the real Internet. We suggested several validation methods to show that our enhancements meet the above objectives. We used simulation environment to implement eBGP backup solution and observe the convergence time and the continuous connectivity. We relied on two tools: brite and rocketfuel to provide us with inter and intra AS topologies respectively. And to prove the safety of our approaches we employed an algebraic framework and made use of its results.

<p>Interoperation between IPv4 and IPv6 on a global scale is largely an unsolved problem, and in principle a problem without a proper solution. The 32-bit IPv4 address can simply not express all possible IPv6 hosts. Today, IP plays a double role. It is both a topological locator as well as a host identity. By decoupling the two roles a communication could also span over incompatible locator domains (e.g. IPv4 and IPv6). The Host Identity Protocol (HIP) [W16] uses this decoupling by providing two discrete data structures, one for the host identity and one for the interfaces locator.  By extending HIP to allow differently formatted locators, and with the help of an Identity Router, one could cross past differing locator domains without the individual hosts needing to be configured for any particular domain other than their own.</p><p>The goal of this thesis is to investigate possible methods and architectures to allow this kind of locator domain interoperability and to implement a proof of concept gateway. The first part of the thesis consists of the exploration of the problem domain. Collecting the requirements of HIP enabled hosts, and to define a method for the interoperability of two HIP-hosts residing in two differing locator domains (IPv4/IPv6 will be assumed for scope limiting purposes). The output of this part will be a set of requirements, a suggested solution and a rationale for the chosen solution. The second part consists of the design and implementation of the required components for the interoperation. At the time of writing, the foreseen components will be: a parameter to HIP and a gateway, however, this is subject to change depending on the output of part one. The expected output of part two is a design specification, an implementation plan for the components and finally the implementation of the defined components.</p> / NordicHIP