Global ETD Search

1	The Role of Maternal Gestational Diabetes in Inducing Fetal Endothelial Dysfunction Sultan, S.A., Liu, Wanting, Peng, Yonghong, Roberts, Wayne, Whitelaw, D.C., Graham, Anne M January 2015 (has links) No / Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is known to be associated with fetal endothelial dysfunction, however, the mechanisms are not fully understood. This study examines the effect of maternal diabetes on fetal endothelial function and gene expression under physiological glucose conditions (5 mM). Human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) isolated from diabetic mothers (d.HUVEC) grew more slowly than HUVEC isolated from healthy mothers (c.HUVEC) and had delayed doubling time despite increased levels of total vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and protein production as determined by real-time PCR and ELISA respectively. Using western blot, the levels of antiproliferative VEGF165b isoform were increased in d.HUVEC relative to c.HUVEC. Successful VEGF165b knockdown by small interfering RNA (siRNA) resulted in increased proliferation of d.HUVEC measured by MTT, compared with negative siRNA control, to similar levels measured in c.HUVEC. In addition, d.HUVEC generated excess levels of ROS as revealed by 2',7' Dichlorodihydrofluorescein Diacetate (DCFH-DA) and Nitrotetrazolium blue (NBT). Using microarray, 102 genes were differentially overexpressed between d.HUVEC versus c.HUVEC (>1.5-fold change; P < 0.05). Functional clustering analysis of these differentially expressed genes revealed participation in inflammatory responses (including adhesion) which may be related to pathological outcomes. Of these genes, ICAM-1 was validated as upregulated, confirming microarray results. Additional confirmatory immunofluorescence staining revealed increased protein expression of ICAM-1 compared with c.HUVEC which was reduced by vitamin C treatment (100 muM). Thus, maternal diabetes induces persistent alterations in fetal endothelial function and gene expression following glucose normalization and antioxidant treatment could help reverse endothelium dysfunction. Cell proliferation Diabetes Endothelial cells Female Gene expression regulation Gene knockout techniques Glucose Human umbilical vein endothelial cells Humans Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 Pregnancy Protein isoforms Umbilical veins Vascular endothelial growth factor A
2	DSTYK Enhances Chemoresistance in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells Ogbu, Stella C., Rojas, Samuel, Weaver, John, Musich, Phillip R., Zhang, Jinyu, Yao, Zhi Q., Jiang, Yong 29 December 2021 (has links) Breast cancer, as the most prevalent cancer in women, is responsible for more than 15% of new cancer cases and about 6.9% of all cancer-related death in the US. A major cause of therapeutic failure in breast cancer is the development of resistance to chemotherapy, especially for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Therefore, how to overcome chemoresistance is the major challenge to improve the life expectancy of breast cancer patients. Our studies demonstrate that TNBC cells surviving the chronic treatment of chemotherapeutic drugs show significantly higher expression of the dual serine/threonine and tyrosine protein kinase (DSTYK) than non-treated parental cells. In our in vitro cellular models, DSTYK knockout via the CRISPR/Cas9-mediated technique results in apoptotic cell death of chemoresistant cells upon drug treatment. Moreover, DSTYK knockout promotes chemotherapeutic drug-induced tumor cell death in an orthotopic mouse model. These findings suggest that DSTYK exerts an important and previously unknown role in promoting chemoresistance. Our studies provide fundamental insight into the role of DSTYK in chemoresistance in TNBC cells and lay the foundation for the development of new strategies targeting DSTYK for improving TNBC therapy. CRISPR/Cas9 DSTYK TNBC inbred NOD breast cancer chemoresistance animals apoptosis (genetics) cell line tumor drug resistance neoplasm female gene expression regulation neoplastic gene knockout techniques humans mice survival analysis enzymology genetics pathology) up-regulation (genetics) xenograft model antitumor assays Biomedical Sciences Internal Medicine

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The Role of Maternal Gestational Diabetes in Inducing Fetal Endothelial Dysfunction

DSTYK Enhances Chemoresistance in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells