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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
231

Gene Conversions in the Siglec and CEA Immunoglobulin Gene Families of Primates

Zid, Mouldi January 2013 (has links)
Siglecs and CEA are two families of cell surface proteins belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. They are thought to be involved in cell-cell interactions and have various other biological functions. We used the GENECONV program that applies statistical tests to detect gene conversion events in each family of five primate species. For the Siglec family, we found that gene conversions are frequent between CD33rSiglec genes, but are absent between their conserved Siglec genes. For the CEA family, half of gene conversion events detected are located in coding regions. A significant positive correlation was found between the length of the conversions and the similarity of the converted regions only in the Siglec gene family. Moreover, we found an increase in GC-content and similarity in converted regions compared to non-converted regions of the two families. Furthermore, in the two families, gene conversions occur more frequently in the extracellular domains of proteins, and rarely in their transmembrane and cytoplasmic regions. Finally, these two families appear to be evolving neutrally or under negative selection.
232

Investigação da influência de diferentes herbicidas sobre a microbiota do solo / Investigation of the influence of different pesticides in the soil microbiota

Jéssica Aparecida Silva Moretto 26 February 2016 (has links)
O aumento do uso de pesticidas para erradicação de pragas e ervas daninhas resultou no aumento da produção agrícola mundial, contudo, levou à preocupação sobre os impactos ambientais, sociais e econômicos decorrentes dessa prática. A microbiota nativa do solo é muito importante para manter a qualidade desse ambiente, mas com o uso intensivo de agroquímicos foram observadas alterações na biomassa microbiana e na formação de grandes quantidades de resíduos tóxicos. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o potencial genético das frações cultiváveis e não cultiváveis do solo para degradação de três diferentes herbicidas e verificar se a pressão seletiva exercida pela presença de um determinado herbicida tem potencial para alterar a composição da microbiota local, além de identificar os principais gêneros bacterianos cultiváveis da microbiota do solo portadores dos genes de degradação destes herbicidas. Para isso, foram utilizadas seis amostras de solo de diferentes regiões brasileiras, as quais foram obtidas do estado de São Paulo e de áreas de preservação ambiental dos estados do Amazonas e de Goiás. Os principais gêneros bacterianos identificados na microbiota do solo foram: Acinetobacter, Bacillus, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Leclercia, Lysinibacillus, Klebsiella e Staphylococcus e não foram observadas variações nas frações cultiváveis e não cultiváveis do solo quanto ao potencial genético para a degradação dos diferentes herbicidas utilizados.Alguns desses isolados bacterianos apresentaram os genes para a degradação de dois herbicidas (2,4-D e diuron; atrazina e diuron) e ainda isolados que apresentam potencial genético para degradação dos três herbicidas. Além disso, pela análise em HPLC acoplado a espectrometria de massas, algumas bactérias portadoras dos genes de degradação do diuron (puhA e puhB) apresentaram formação dos metabólitos DCPMU, DCPU e DCA, os quais já foram descritos na literatura e também apresentaram metabólitos que ainda não estão descritos na literatura. Por meio das análises de eletroforese em gradiente desnaturante (DGGE) foi possível observar que a pressão seletiva exercida pela presença desses herbicidas altera a composição da microbiota local e a atrazina foi o herbicida que mais afetou a comunidade bacteriana do solo. Portanto, o estudo da diversidade microbiana associada à pressão seletiva causada pelo uso de herbicidas é de grande importância, visto que os herbicidas alteram significativamente a heterogeneidade da comunidade bacteriana do solo. / The use of pesticides to eradicate pests and weeds resulted in increased agricultural production worldwide, however, led to concern about the environmental, social and economic impacts of this practice. Native soil microbiota is very important to maintain the quality of the environment, but with the intensive use of agrochemicals, changes in microbial biomass and formation of large quantities of toxic waste have been observed. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic potential of cultivable and non-cultivable soil fractions to degradate three different herbicides, to verify if the selective pressure exerted by the presence of a particular herbicide has the potential to change the composition of the local microbiota and to identify the main cultivable soil bacterial genera carrying these herbicides degradation genes. For this, six soil samples from different Brazilian regions were used, which were obtained from the state of São Paulo and from environmental preservation areas in the states of Amazonas and Goiás. The main bacterial genera identified in the soil microbiota were: Acinetobacter, Bacillus, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Leclercia, Lysinibacillus, Klebsiella and Staphylococcus, and variations in cultivable and non-cultivable soil fractions genetic potential to degrade various herbicides were observed. Some of these strains harbored genes for degradation of two herbicides (2,4-D and diuron; atrazine and diuron) and other isolates showed genetic potential to degrade one of the three herbicides. Furthermore, analysis with HPLC-MS showed that some bacteria carrying the diuron degradation genes (puhA and puhB) presented formation of metabolites already described in the literature, such DCPMU, DCPU and DCA, and metabolites that have not been described in the literature. By electrophoresis analysis on denaturing gradient (DGGE), was observed that the selective pressure exerted by the presence of these herbicides alters the composition of the local microbiota, being atrazine the herbicide that most affected the bacterial community in the soil. Therefore, the study of the influence of the selective pressure caused by the use of herbicides in the microbial diversity is very important, since herbicides significantly alter the heterogeneity of the soil bacterial community.
233

Desenvolvimento de estratégias alternativas para teste de fármacos: obtenção e caracterização de linhagens mutantes estáveis de Leishmania expressando luciferase. / Development of alternative strategies for drug testing: obtainment and characterization of stable mutant strains of Leishmania expressing luciferase.

Jordana Cristina Oliveira 22 September 2014 (has links)
A leishmaniose é causada por protozoários do gênero Leishmania e no Brasil, as principais espécies causadoras da leishmaniose cutânea são Leishmania (V.) braziliensis e Leishmania (L.) amazonenses. O tratamento da leishmaniose apresenta diversas dificuldades, portanto é fundamental a descoberta de novos fármacos ativos, podendo ser detectada em células cultivadas in vitro e também em animais íntegros, através da técnica de bioimageamento. Neste trabalho, propusemo-nos a produzir linhagens de L. (V.) braziliensis e L. (L) amazonenses expressoras de luciferase e caracterizar o comportamento das linhagens mutantes em testes de sensibilidade a fármacos e de infecção in vitro e in vivo. Foi confirmada a emissão de luz pelas linhagens mutantes das duas espécies de Leishmania, em promastigotas e amastigotas. O comportamento das linhagens mutantes obtidas em relação a curvas de crescimento, sensibilidade aos fármacos tamoxifeno e anfoterina B em promastigotas, perfil de infectividade e sobrevivência em macrófagos e sensibilidade de amastigotas à anfotericina B foi comparado ao comportamento das linhagens parentais, não sendo observadas diferenças significativas. Camundongos BALB/c infectados com a linhagem expressora de luciferase de L. (L.) amazonenses desenvolveram lesões comparáveis aos animais infectados com a cepa selvagem, sendo possível quantificar a carga parasitária nesses animais por bioimageamento. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho indicam que os parasitas mutantes expressores de luciferase obtidos podem ser utilizados em testes de sensibilidade a fármacos tanto in vitro como in vivo, representando um avanço metodológico nessa área de pesquisa. / Leishmaniasis is caused by protozoan parasites in Brazil, the main causative species of cutaneous leishmaniasis are Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis and Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonenses. The treatment of leishmaniasis presents several difficulties, and the discovery of new active drugs for the treatment of leishmaniasis is therefore fundamental. The enzyme luciferase is a reporter widely used in screening tests for new drugs. This enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of luciferase in the presence of ATP emitting light that can be detected in cultured cells in vitro as well as in intact animals, using the technique of bioimaging. In this work, we sought to produce strains of L. (V.) braziliensis and L. (L) amazonenses expressing luciferase and characterize the behavior of these mutant strains in drug susceptibility tests and in in vitro and in vivo infections. Production of light was detected in mutants of both species, in all life cycle stages. Mutant strains were compared to their corresponding parental lines as to their growth pattern, infectivity and survival profile in macrophages and sensitivity to amphotericin B and tamoxifen. No significant differences were observed for these parameters. BALB/c mice infected with the luciferase expressing line of L. (L.) amazonenses developed lesions comparable to those in animals infected with the wild-type strain. The parasite load in these animals was quantified through bioimaging. The results obtained of this study indicate that the mutant parasites expressing luciferase can be used for drug susceptibility testing in vitro and in vivo, representing a methodological advance in this area of research.
234

Effectiveness of a pseudogene promoter in the initiation of transcription

Whitaker, Jonathan January 1989 (has links)
No description available.
235

Genomic isolation and molecular analysis of a rat [alpha]-globin gene cluster

馬忠華, Ma, Chung-wah. January 1998 (has links)
published_or_final_version / Biochemistry / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy
236

Isolation of mouse Hoxb-3 protein binding sequences: a whole genome approach

Jakt, Lars Martin. January 1999 (has links)
published_or_final_version / Biochemistry / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy
237

Hoxb3 mutation leads to interleukin-6 dependent plasmacytoma

Wong, Pui-man, Molly., 黃佩文. January 2006 (has links)
published_or_final_version / abstract / Biochemistry / Master / Master of Philosophy
238

Distinct gene signatures linked to acute phase injury and tumor invasiveness in tumor development after liver transplantation usingsmall-for-size grafts

Shih, Kendrick Co., 施愷迪. January 2009 (has links)
published_or_final_version / Surgery / Master / Master of Research in Medicine
239

Molecular and genetic studies on the unc-30 and unc-31 genes of Caenorhabditis elegans

Hoskins, Roger Allen January 1989 (has links)
No description available.
240

Transcriptional regulation of the human surf-1/surf-2 promoter : mutational analysis and serum stimulation

Cole, Ellen Grace January 1998 (has links)
No description available.

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