For over a century, documented scientific research and debate has revolved around the therapeutic properties of the medicinal plant Echinacea angustifolia. With overwhelming evidence demonstrating the biological activity of its root phytochemical constituents, the genetic improvement of E. angustifolia by selecting phytochemically rich genotypes has garnered both scientific and commercial interest. This dissertation presents results of multi-disciplinary experiments intended to help establish scientifically based guidelines for breeding efforts aimed at developing therapeutically superior varieties of E. angustifolia in British Columbia. Cultivated E. angustifolia populations from British Columbia and Washington were grown in a common greenhouse environment to identify possible genetically superior populations with respect to root concentrations of therapeutically relevant caffeic acid derivatives (CAD) and alkamides. However, none of the studied cultivated E. angustifolia populations showed significant genetic differences in terms of root phytochemical traits. In the second part, an investigation into correlations between root and shoot phytochemical concentrations in field- and greenhouse-grown plants revealed that concentrations of therapeutically relevant marker compounds in shoots were generally poor predictors of concentrations in roots. Some weak yet significant positive correlations were observed between root and shoot concentrations of CADs but were inconsistent between the two environments. Significant genotype by environment interactions were documented for the first time in phytochemical traits of E. angustifolia in a study of five genetically homogeneous populations grown in three different environments, including 1 greenhouse and 2 field sites in British Columbia. For the final objective, in vitro bioassays showed that environmentally and genotypically related differences in concentrations of CADs and alkamides in E. angustifolia ethanolic root extracts did not translate into significant differences in their anti-inflammatory potential as measured by pro-inflammatory interleukin (IL-6 and IL-8) secretion in human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells challenged with rhinovirus. When used in isolation however, pure tetraene alkamide showed a significant inhibitory effect on secretion, thereby further supporting the use of high alkamide production as a selection criterion for therapeutic E. angustifolia cultivar development. A series of recommendations derived from these findings are presented along with ideas for important future studies in the field of Echinacea research.

For over a century, documented scientific research and debate has revolved around the therapeutic properties of the medicinal plant Echinacea angustifolia. With overwhelming evidence demonstrating the biological activity of its root phytochemical constituents, the genetic improvement of E. angustifolia by selecting phytochemically rich genotypes has garnered both scientific and commercial interest. This dissertation presents results of multi-disciplinary experiments intended to help establish scientifically based guidelines for breeding efforts aimed at developing therapeutically superior varieties of E. angustifolia in British Columbia. Cultivated E. angustifolia populations from British Columbia and Washington were grown in a common greenhouse environment to identify possible genetically superior populations with respect to root concentrations of therapeutically relevant caffeic acid derivatives (CAD) and alkamides. However, none of the studied cultivated E. angustifolia populations showed significant genetic differences in terms of root phytochemical traits. In the second part, an investigation into correlations between root and shoot phytochemical concentrations in field- and greenhouse-grown plants revealed that concentrations of therapeutically relevant marker compounds in shoots were generally poor predictors of concentrations in roots. Some weak yet significant positive correlations were observed between root and shoot concentrations of CADs but were inconsistent between the two environments. Significant genotype by environment interactions were documented for the first time in phytochemical traits of E. angustifolia in a study of five genetically homogeneous populations grown in three different environments, including 1 greenhouse and 2 field sites in British Columbia. For the final objective, in vitro bioassays showed that environmentally and genotypically related differences in concentrations of CADs and alkamides in E. angustifolia ethanolic root extracts did not translate into significant differences in their anti-inflammatory potential as measured by pro-inflammatory interleukin (IL-6 and IL-8) secretion in human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells challenged with rhinovirus. When used in isolation however, pure tetraene alkamide showed a significant inhibitory effect on secretion, thereby further supporting the use of high alkamide production as a selection criterion for therapeutic E. angustifolia cultivar development. A series of recommendations derived from these findings are presented along with ideas for important future studies in the field of Echinacea research.

For over a century, documented scientific research and debate has revolved around the therapeutic properties of the medicinal plant Echinacea angustifolia. With overwhelming evidence demonstrating the biological activity of its root phytochemical constituents, the genetic improvement of E. angustifolia by selecting phytochemically rich genotypes has garnered both scientific and commercial interest. This dissertation presents results of multi-disciplinary experiments intended to help establish scientifically based guidelines for breeding efforts aimed at developing therapeutically superior varieties of E. angustifolia in British Columbia. Cultivated E. angustifolia populations from British Columbia and Washington were grown in a common greenhouse environment to identify possible genetically superior populations with respect to root concentrations of therapeutically relevant caffeic acid derivatives (CAD) and alkamides. However, none of the studied cultivated E. angustifolia populations showed significant genetic differences in terms of root phytochemical traits. In the second part, an investigation into correlations between root and shoot phytochemical concentrations in field- and greenhouse-grown plants revealed that concentrations of therapeutically relevant marker compounds in shoots were generally poor predictors of concentrations in roots. Some weak yet significant positive correlations were observed between root and shoot concentrations of CADs but were inconsistent between the two environments. Significant genotype by environment interactions were documented for the first time in phytochemical traits of E. angustifolia in a study of five genetically homogeneous populations grown in three different environments, including 1 greenhouse and 2 field sites in British Columbia. For the final objective, in vitro bioassays showed that environmentally and genotypically related differences in concentrations of CADs and alkamides in E. angustifolia ethanolic root extracts did not translate into significant differences in their anti-inflammatory potential as measured by pro-inflammatory interleukin (IL-6 and IL-8) secretion in human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells challenged with rhinovirus. When used in isolation however, pure tetraene alkamide showed a significant inhibitory effect on secretion, thereby further supporting the use of high alkamide production as a selection criterion for therapeutic E. angustifolia cultivar development. A series of recommendations derived from these findings are presented along with ideas for important future studies in the field of Echinacea research. / Land and Food Systems, Faculty of / Graduate

Avaliações agronômicas em diversos locais podem gerar dados para análise de adaptabilidade e estabilidade, que minimiza o efeito da interação genótipo x ambiente na escolha do genótipo. Os objetivos do trabalho foram: avaliar a produção de grãos e massa verde total da planta de 16 genótipos de milho, na entressafra e safra verão, na região centro-sul do Estado do Tocantins; estudar adaptabilidade e estabilidade e; classificá-los, quanto à tendência da finalidade produtiva. Foram realizados oito experimentos em 2010, seis no município de Gurupi-TO e dois no de Palmas-TO, considerados como ambientes distintos, diferenciados pela adubação de semeadura e cobertura e, safra. Foi avaliada a produção de massa verde total da planta (Massa Verde) e a de grãos, utilizadas na análise de adaptabilidade e estabilidade e, na classificação da tendência da finalidade produtiva. Ambas as características foram influenciadas significativamente pela interação genótipo vs. ambiente. No ambiente caracterizado pelo cultivo na entressafra com adubação orgânica de semeadura mais a de cobertura nitrogenada, os genótipos apresentaram maior produção de grãos (140 g planta-1) e, maior Massa Verde (960 g planta-1). Na produção de grãos, três ambientes foram considerados favoráveis pela metodologia de adaptabilidade e estabilidade e, na Massa Verde, cinco. A distinção dos genótipos foi mais visível através da produção de grãos do que pela Massa Verde. O genótipo H01, quanto à produção de grãos, foi adaptado a ambientes favoráveis e apresentou tendência da finalidade produtiva para esta característica. Os genótipos P06 e P02 foram adaptados a ambos ambientes e a ambientes favoráveis, respectivamente, quanto à Massa Verde e, tiveram tendência da finalidade produtiva para esta característica. / The agronomic evaluated at different locals may be produced data for the analysis of adaptability and stability, that minimize the effect this interaction for the choice of the genotypes. This work aim: to evaluate the grain yield and green weight of the 16 corn genotypes, in the intercrop and crop, at the Center-South of Tocantins State; to study the adaptability and stability; and classify them, about the tendency of the productive purpose: grain or green weight. The eight experiments were conducted in 2010, six at Gurupi-TO and two at Palmas-TO, when each one was a different environment, and they were distinguished for the fertilization of seeding and coverage and, season. They were evaluated: green weight of plant and the grain yield (g plant-1). After this, it has done through the analysis of the adaptability and stability, and the classification of the genotype tendency of the productive purpose. The boot characteristics were significantly influenced by the interaction genotype x environment. In the environment with organic fertilization (seeding) plus nitrogen fertilization (covered) at intercrop, the genotypes had shown de highest grain yield (140 g planta-1) and green weight (960 g planta-1). At the grain yield, three environments were classified like a favorable by the adaptability and stability methodology and, at the green weight, were five. The genotype H01, in grain yield, was adapted for favorable environment and has shown tendency of the productive purpose for this characteristic. The genotype P08 and P02 were adapted for both environments and favorable environments, respectively, in green weight of plant and, had shown tendency of the productive purpose for this characteristic.

O presente estudo teve por objetivo estudar os efeitos da interação genótipos x ambientes sobre as características peso à desmama, peso ao sobreano e ganho de peso da desmama ao sobreano em bovinos de corte da raça Nelore. Foram analisados 45.697 registros de peso à desmama ajustados para 205 dias (PD), 34.773 registros de peso ao sobreano ajustados para 550 dias (PS) e 34.753 registros de ganho de peso da desmama ao sobreano (GP), originários de três fazendas localizadas nas regiões sudeste e centro-oeste do Brasil. Os componentes de variância foram estimados utilizando-se o programa MTDFREML. Os dados foram submetidos a análises de duas formas distintas: primeiramente processaram-se análises de características únicas para os dados de cada fazenda e para conjuntos de dados formados por pares de fazendas. Em seguida, processaram-se análises de características múltiplas, em que a mesma característica foi considerada como variáveis distintas em cada par de fazendas. A partir da obtenção dos valores genéticos dos animais, foram calculadas as diferenças esperadas na progênie (DEPs) dos mesmos, bem como as correlações de Pearson entre os valores das DEPs dos touros para as três características estudadas. As estimativas dos coeficientes de herdabilidade variaram de 0,17 a 0,33 para a característica PD, 0,31 a 0,48 para a característica PS e 0,11 a 0,32 para a característica GP. Os coeficientes de correlação genética encontrados variaram de 0,82 a 1,00, enquanto as correlações de Pearson entre as DEPs dos touros variaram de 0,89 a 0,99. Os resultados levam a sugerir pequeno ou nenhum efeito da interação genótipo x ambiente nos rebanhos incluídos neste estudo. / The objective of the present study was to evaluate the genotype x environment interaction effect on weaning weight, post-weaning weight and weight gain post-weaning in Nellore beef cattle herds. There were analyzed 45,697 data of weaning weight adjusted to 205 days (PD), 34,773 data of post-weaning weight adjusted to 550 days (PS) and 34,753 data of weight gain post-weaning (GP), which were collected from three farms localized in southwest and middle-east of Brazil. The variance components were estimated by MTDFREML. Those data were analyzed applying two different methods: the first proceeding was of considering single traits to the data of each farm and also to the data-set originated by pair of farms. The second method was performing the analysis of multiple traits once the same trait was considered as a distinct variable in each pair of farms. Since genetic values were obtained there were calculated the expected breeding values (EPD) of the sires as the Pearson correlations between the EPD values and the traits analyzed. The estimative of heritability coefficients ranged from 0.17 to 0.33, 0.31 to 0.48 and 11 to 0.32 to PD, PS and GP respectively. The genetic correlations varied from 0.82 to 1.00, while the Pearson correlation between the EPDs ranged from 0.96 to 0.99. The results suggest a modest or inexistent genotype x environment interaction effect in the herds evaluated.

In New Zealand, a formal tree improvement and breeding programme for Pinus radiata (D.Don) commenced in 1952. A countrywide series of progeny trials was progressively established on over seventy sites, and is managed by the Radiata Pine Breeding Company (RPBC). Diameter at breast height data from the series were used to investigate genotype x environment interaction with a view to establishing the need for partitioning breeding and deployment efforts for P. radiata. Nearly 300,000 measurements made this study one of the largest for genotype x environment interaction ever done. Bivariate analyses were conducted between all pairs of sites to determine genetic correlations between sites. Genetic correlations were used to construct a proximity matrix by subtracting each correlation from unity. The process of constructing the matrix highlighted issues of low connectivity between sites; whereby meaningful correlations between sites were established with just 5 % of the pairs. However, nearly two-thirds of these genetic correlations were between -1.0 and 0.6, indicating the presence of strong genotype x environment interactions. A technique known as multiple regression on resemblance matrices was carried out by regressing a number of environmental correlation matrices on the diameter at breast height correlation matrix. Genotype x environment interactions were found to be driven by extreme maximum temperatures (t-statistic of 2.03 against critical t-value of 1.96 at 95 % confidence level). When tested on its own, altitude was significant with genetic correlations between sites at the 90 % confidence level (t-statistic of 1.92 against critical t-value of 1.645). In addition, a method from Graph Theory using proximity thresholds was utilised as a form of clustering. However, this study highlighted the existence of high internal cohesion within trial series, and high external isolation between trial series. That is, grouping of sites (in terms of diameter) was observed to be a reflection of the series of trials for which each site was established. This characteristic is particularly unhelpful for partitioning sites into regions of similar propensity to genotype x environment interaction, as the genotype x environment effect is effectively over-ridden by the genotype effect. Better cohesion between past, present and future trial series, and more accurate bioclimatic data should allow more useful groupings of sites to be extracted from the data. Given this, however, it is clear that there are a large number of interactive families contained in the RPBC dataset. It is concluded that partitioning of New Zealand’s P. radiata breeding programme cannot be ruled out as an advantageous option.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:32:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 562430 bytes, checksum: 182da810cb5c6524a339ad2ea7c37142 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-17 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / In plant breeding, when the objective is to select or recommend genotypes to be planted, the study of the interaction between genotype and environment plays a important role. However, this kind of study does not provide detailed information on the behavior of each cultivar due to environmental variations. Thus become necessary to perform analyzes of stability and adaptability for identification and recommendation superior materials in different environments. Although the literature presents several methods for performing analysis of adaptability and stability, none of them take account of the presence of non-normal phenotype, in other words, phenotypic values asymmetric distributions or heavy tails. Thus, if there is the presence of such phenotypic values, the methods can be influenced and the recommendation may be mistaken, that is, the use of such methods cause inadequate estimates that do not reflect the true relationship between the variation environmental and phenotypic response. An interesting solution for treating this problem in a unified way, that is, the presence of outliers or asymmetry is to use the quantile regression (QR). Such methodology, besides the usual regression methods, using the conditional mean to explain the functional relationship between environmental variation and phenotypic response, makes use of conditional quantile functions. This way the QR possible to choose the quantile which best represents the functional relationship of interest in order to naturally cover the lack of normality cited above. Thus, this paper aims to present the methodology of quantile regression, through a detailed discussion of its theorical foundations, demonstrating it by concrete applications, its use in analysis of adaptability and stability, thus providing a easily and accessible material for readers interested in that subject, contributing researchers and those interested in this area. To the technic evaluation symmetric distributions phenotypic values, symmetric with outliers, right asymmetric, right asymmetric with outliers, left asymmetric and left asymmetric with outliers were simulated. Furthermore, we used data from an experiment on dry matter yield of 92 genotypes of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) evaluated in 20 environments. It is suggested that, for symmetrical phenotypic values should be determined if it has outlier, if it has a QR ( τ = 0,50 ) should be used, if not, should be used either Eberhart and Russell methodology (1966) or QR ( τ = 0,50 ). Since the phenotype is asymmetric, with or without the presence of outlier, it uses QR ( τ = 0,25 ) to right asymmetry and QR ( τ = 0,75) to the left asymmetry. According to the results the QR method was efficient for classifying alfalfa genotypes. / No melhoramento genético de plantas, quando o objetivo é selecionar ou recomendar genótipos para o plantio, o estudo da interação entre genótipo x ambiente é de extrema importância. Entretanto, tal estudo não fornece informações pormenorizadas sobre o comportamento de cada cultivar diante das variações ambientais. Assim, tornam-se necessárias as análises de adaptabilidade e de estabilidade para a identificação e recomendação de materiais superiores em diferentes ambientes. Embora a literatura apresente diversos métodos, para realização da análise de adaptabilidade e estabilidade, nenhum leva em consideração a presença de fenótipos não normais, ou seja, distribuições de valores fenótipos assimétricos ou com caudas pesadas. Desta forma, caso haja a presença desse tipo de valores fenotípicos, os métodos podem sofrer a influência de modo que a recomendação pode ser errônea, ou seja, o uso de tais métodos ocasionam estimativas inadequadas, que não refletem a verdadeira relação existente entre a variação ambiental e a resposta fenotípica. Uma solução interessante para tratar este problema de maneira unificada, isto é, a presença de pontos discrepantes ou assimetria, é a utilização de regressão quantílica (RQ). Tal metodologia, diferentemente dos métodos de regressão usuais, que utilizam a média condicional para explicar a relação funcional entre a variação ambiental e a resposta fenotípica, faz uso de funções quantílicas condicionais. Desta forma, a RQ possibilita escolher o quantil que melhor representa a relação funcional de interesse com o intuito de contemplar naturalmente a mencionada falta de normalidade. Desta forma, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar a metodologia de regressão quantílica, através de uma discussão detalhada de seus fundamentos teóricos, evidenciando, com aplicações concretas, seu uso em análise de adaptabilidade e estabilidade, fornecendo assim um material de fácil acesso para leitores interessados no assunto, contribuindo com pesquisadores e interessados nesta área. Para avaliação da técnica foram simulados valores fenotípicos, com distribuições simétrica, simétrica com outliers, assimétrica à direita, assimétrica à direita com outliers, assimétrica à esquerda e assimétrica à esquerda com outliers. Além disso, foram utilizados dados provenientes de um experimento sobre produção de matéria seca de 92 genótipos de alfafa (Medicago sativa) avaliados em 20 ambientes. Sugere-se que, para valores fenotípicos simétricos deve-se averiguar se este possui outlier, se sim é utilizada ou a regressão não paramétrica ou a RQ (τ = 0,50) , se não, se utiliza ou a metodologia de Eberhart e Russell (1966) ou a RQ (τ = 0,50) . Já se o fenótipo for assimétrico, com ou sem a presença de outlier, utiliza-se RQ (τ = 0,25) para assimetria a direita e RQ (τ = 0,75) para assimetria à esquerda. De acordo com os resultados encontrados a RQ foi eficiente para classificação de genótipos de alfafa.

Submitted by Ricardo Lozano Teixeira de Carvalho (rlcarvalho@dow.com) on 2018-08-04T19:38:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 REPOSITÓRIO_Dissertacao_Ricardo_Carvalho.pdf: 1150964 bytes, checksum: 7ddb5d1e3d8cd21ff7542b90056a6f82 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Neli Silvia Pereira null (nelisps@fcav.unesp.br) on 2018-08-06T18:12:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 carvalho_rlt_me_jabo.pdf: 1150964 bytes, checksum: 7ddb5d1e3d8cd21ff7542b90056a6f82 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T18:12:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 carvalho_rlt_me_jabo.pdf: 1150964 bytes, checksum: 7ddb5d1e3d8cd21ff7542b90056a6f82 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-06-18 / Genótipos superiores têm alta capacidade de produção e resistência às principais doenças, porém o efeito do ambiente pode alterar essas características. Quando plantados em várias localidades, os genótipos podem se comportar de maneira diferente devido a sua adaptabilidade a cada região e a interação destes com o ambiente. O uso de sementes não adaptadas a região e o manejo inadequado são as principais causas de baixo rendimento nas lavouras de milho. Genótipos que respondem ao manejo utilizado, e que se comportam de maneira estável são fundamentais para obtenção de boa produtividade. Com base nisso este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a adaptabilidade, estabilidade e produtividade de grãos de híbridos experimentais e comerciais de milho para a segunda safra brasileira. Foram avaliados 33 híbridos, na segunda safra de 2016, em 39 locais, divididos em três macrorregiões (Tropical Sul, Tropical Centro Oeste e Tropical Centro Leste). Com as médias de produtividade de grãos obtidas após a realização da análise de variância, foram estimados os parâmetros de adaptabilidade e estabilidade através de regressão linear bissegmentada. Os genótipos foram discriminados de acordo com sua adaptabilidade e estabilidade para cada região. Na região Tropical Sul o híbrido HC04 e HE16 são recomendados para ambientes favoráveis, pois respondem as melhorias de ambiente. Na região Tropical Centro Oeste o genótipo experimental HE16 também foi classificado como responsivo. E na tropical Centro Leste 85% dos genótipos foram estáveis. O genótipo HC07 é de adaptabilidade a ambientes desfavoráveis em todas as regiões. Os genótipos HC09 e HC10 são estáveis, de adaptabilidade ampla e com boa produtividade de grãos em todas as regiões. / Superior genotypes have a high production capacity and resistance to major diseases, but environment effect can alter these traits. When planted in multiple locations, genotypes may behave differently due to their adaptability to each region and interaction with the environment. The planting of seeds not adapted to a region and the management used is one of the main causes of low yields in corn crops. Genotypes that respond to the management and behave in a stable way are essential to obtain a good yield. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the adaptability, stability, and grain yield of experimental and commercial corn hybrids in the second Brazilian crop. Thirty-three hybrids were assessed in the second crop of 2016 in 39 sites divided into three macro-regions (Tropical South, Tropical Central West, and Tropical Central East). Adaptability and stability parameters were estimated by means of bissegmented linear regression with the average grain yield obtained after performing the analysis of variance. Genotypes were discriminated considering their adaptability and stability for each region. In the Tropical South region, the hybrids HC04 and HE16 are recommended for favorable environments since they respond to environmental improvements. The genotype HE16 was also recommended for favorable environments in the Tropical Central West. In the Tropical Center East 85% of hybrids were stable. The genotype HC07 is adaptable to unfavorable environments in all regions. The genotypes HC09 and HC10 are stable, with broad adaptability and good grain yield in all regions.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-08-15Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:30:16Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 hotta_lfk_me_botfca.pdf: 441268 bytes, checksum: e9f6664417651d4009869d162e87fd48 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Outra / O objetivo do presente trabalho foi estudar a existência de interação genótipo x ambiente em alface do grupo americano, visando à seleção de progênies superiores, com adaptação geral ou específica a diferentes épocas de cultivo, em comparação com as cultivares comerciais. Os experimentos foram conduzidos na Estação Experimental de Bragança Paulista – E.E.B.P, pertencente à Sakata Seed Sudamerica Ltda, localizada no município de Bragança Paulista - SP. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, com 3 repetições e 20 plantas por parcela. Os tratamentos foram constituídos de 44 progênies de alface do grupo americano e oito cultivares comerciais (Laurel, Lucy Brown, Manara, Rafaela, Raider, Raider Plus, Rubette e Tainá), totalizando 52 tratamentos, semeados em três épocas, julho, novembro e abril, representando os cultivos de inverno, verão e outono, respectivamente. Todas as progênies utilizadas foram originárias do programa de melhoramento de alface que vem sendo realizado na área de Melhoramento Vegetal do Departamento de Produção Vegetal, da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Campus de Botucatu – UNESP. As progênies foram obtidas por seleção em gerações segregantes de diferentes cruzamentos entre cultivares americanas no período de 2000 a 2005, encontrando-se nas gerações F6 e F7. As avaliações e as colheitas dos experimentos foram realizadas quando as cultivares atingiram o máximo crescimento vegetativo, com cabeças compactas e grandes. As características avaliadas foram: Uniformidade, porcentagem de saia, porcentagem de cabeças comerciais, massa fresca, diâmetro transversal, compacidade, cobertura das cabeças, ‘ribness’, ombro e comprimento do coração. Para as características uniformidade, compacidade, cobertura das cabeças, ‘ribness’ e ombro, foram utilizados escalas subjetivas de notas variando de 1 a 5... / The objective of the present study was to assess the existence of the genotype x environment interaction in lettuce of the American group in order to select the superior lineages, with general or specific adaptation to different crop times, in comparison with the commercial cultivars. The experiments were led in the Experimental Station of Bragança Paulista - E.E.B.P, of the Sakata Seed Sudámerica Ltda in Bragança Paulista, SP - Brazil. The used experimental outline was of randomized blocks, with 3 replications and 20 plants per lot. The treatments constituted of 44 lineages of lettuce of the American group and eight commercial cultivars (Laurel, Lucy Brown, Manara, Rafaela, Raider, Raider Plus, Rubette and Tainá), totalizing 52 treatments, sown at three times (July, November and April) representing the winter, summer and autumn crops, respectively. All the used lineages were from the program of lettuce improvement that is carried out in the area of Vegetal Improvement of the Department of Production Vegetal, Agronomy School, Botucatu Campus, UNESP, Brazil. The lineages were obtained from selection of segregating generations of different crossings between American cultivars in the period of 2000 to 2005, F6 and F7 generations. The evaluations and the harvests of the experiments were carried out when the cultivars reached maximum vegetative growth, with big and compact heads. The evaluated characteristics were: uniformity, percentage of the skirt, percentage of commercial heads, fresh mass, transversal diameter, compacticity, crowning of the heads, ribness, shoulder and length of the heart. For the characteristics uniformity, compactcity, cowning of the heads, ribness and shoulder, a subjective range of marks varying 1 to 5 was used.The data was submitted to group analysis in order to detect possible genotypes interactions with the environment...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Submitted by JIULI ANI VILAS BOAS REGIS null (jiuli_regis@hotmail.com) on 2017-01-26T16:08:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação JIULI vf.pdf: 1599775 bytes, checksum: 553cf39b1c8d9bff7fda3659f929c2b3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by LUIZA DE MENEZES ROMANETTO (luizamenezes@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2017-01-30T18:14:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 regis_javb_me_ilha.pdf: 1599775 bytes, checksum: 553cf39b1c8d9bff7fda3659f929c2b3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-30T18:14:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 regis_javb_me_ilha.pdf: 1599775 bytes, checksum: 553cf39b1c8d9bff7fda3659f929c2b3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-01 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Na fase final de um programa de melhoramento, especificamente na recomendação de cultivares, o conhecimento da interação genótipos x ambientes (GxA) é essencial, porque analisa a existência de desempenho diferencial de genótipos em diferentes ambientes. Os efeitos da interação genótipos x ambientes sobre a adaptabilidade e estabilidade são de grande importância, visto que cada genótipo possui uma capacidade inerente de responder às mudanças ambientais. Dentre as estratégias usadas para identificar cultivares com baixos níveis de interação genótipos x ambientes, está a seleção de genótipos com alta adaptabilidade e estabilidade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar clones de cana-de-açúcar produtivos, com boa estabilidade e adaptabilidade, considerando dois ciclos produtivos. Vinte e cinco clones precoces mais cinco testemunhas foram avaliados em 24 ambientes, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com três repetições. Para verificação da adaptabilidade e estabilidade foi utilizado o método de regressão bissegmentada e os métodos multivariados AMMI e GGE biplot. Os clones avaliados não apresentam os parâmetros ideais, como preconizado pelo método da regressão bissegmentada. De acordo com as três abordagens utilizadas, que são complementares nas informações desejadas, os clones mais promissores em termos de estabilidade e adaptabilidade geral são G13, G12 e G5. / In the final phase of breeding program, specifically in the recommendation of cultivars, knowledge of genotype x environment interaction (GxA) is essential because it analyzes the existence of differential performance of genotypes in different environments. The effects of genotype x environment interaction on adaptability and stability are of great importance, since each genotype has an inherent ability to respond to environmental changes. Among the strategies used to identify cultivars with low levels of interaction genotypes x environments, is the selection of genotypes with high adaptability and stability. The objective of this study was to identify sugarcane productive clones, with good stability and adaptability considering two productive cycles. Twenty-five early clones another five controls were evaluated in 24 environments, in a randomized block design with three replications. To verify the adaptability and stability was used bissegmented regression method and multivariate methods, AMMI and GGE biplot. The evaluated clones do not have the ideal parameters, as recommended by the method of bissegmented regression. In compliance with the three approaches used, which are complementary to the desired information, the most promising clones in terms of stability and general adaptability are G13, G12 and G5.