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No description available.

No description available.

Strategies for generalizing raster-based land cover data were investigated. Generalization strategies were studied as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Federal Land Information System (FLIS). Area filtering, category aggregation, resampling, and modal search and replace comprised the strategies tested on USGS Alaska Interim Land Cover data. Generalization of the land cover data was deemed necessary for two reasons: 1) reduction in the volume of homogeneous land cover regions required for computer memory storage, and 2) simplification of the highly complex land cover map. The generalization strategies were evaluated based upon how well they maintained the integrity of land cover information while minimizing the number of homogeneous land cover regions. Maintenance of land cover information after application of a generalization strategy was measured by omission and commission errors, percent unchanged, Cohen's statistic, and the number of land cover regions. / Master of Science

Digital satellite remote sensing and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have been used effectively to determine the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) output for a number of North Texas watersheds. This method involves determining the values of each of the USLE factors and using these factors as information layers within the GIS.

Thesis (M.S.)--Naval Postgraduate School, 1982. / "June 1982." Includes bibliographical references (p. 60-61).

A educação pode ser considerada um dos principais pilares para a construção de uma sociedade mais justa. No entanto, os inúmeros problemas que as escolas públicas enfrentam atualmente têm reduzido progressivamente a possibilidade de ascensão individual e coletiva dos educandos que necessitam desses serviços. O presente trabalho tem como principal objetivo demonstrar a contribuição da pesquisa geográfica para a gestão educacional através de um estudo etnográfico realizado com estudantes do 3 ano do Ensino Médio de 2009 no Colégio Estadual Ruy José de Almeida (CERJA), onde foram investigadas duas categorias de análise: uma referente à qualidade ambiental e dimensão pedagógica da escola e outra relacionada ao perfil socioeconômico e cultural desses estudantes. A pesquisa realizada, por ter caráter subjetivo, está entrelaçada com aspectos históricos, políticos, sociais, econômicos, culturais e com o intervalo de tempo em que foi realizada. Portanto, os métodos utilizados foram o fenomenológico, que consiste em descrever a experiência tal como ela é, e o método dialético, que é dinâmico porque considera os fatos dentro de um contexto maior. O primeiro capítulo trata da contribuição da Geografia para a Educação e apresenta dados referentes à percepção dos estudantes em relação ao espaço físico, relacional e pedagógicos da escola. O segundo capítulo discute conceitos de espaço e lugar e apresenta dados referentes ao espaço comunitário, residencial e familiar dos estudantes. O terceiro capítulo trata dos cuidados da gestão educacional com seus futuros egressos, enfocando aspectos relacionados com o espaço escolar e a conclusão do Ensino Médio. Os resultados dessa pesquisa poderão proporcionar à comunidade escolar uma fundamentação que possibilite construir um planejamento contextualizado e, paralelamente, desenvolver atividades que melhorem a qualidade da educação oferecida. Dessa forma, essa pesquisa geográfica, após ser socializada, poderá contribuir no processo de tomada de consciência coletiva, aproximando a educação da realidade, os educadores dos educandos, a teoria da prática e a ciência da vida, convidando todos os servidores da educação, que compartilham dos mesmos ideais, a sonharem juntos e trabalharem para transformar esse sonho em realidade. / Education can be considered one of the main pillars to build a fairer society. Nevertheless, the various problems which public schools face nowadays have progressively reduced the possibility of promoting individual and collective development of students who need these services. The main aim of this paper is to show the contribution of geographical research to educational management through an ethnographic study conducted with third graders of high school in 2009 at Ruy José de Almeida State School (CERJ), where two categories of analysis were investigated: one concerning the quality of the environment and the pedagogical dimension of the school and the other related to the socioeconomic and cultural status of those students. As this research has a subjective feature, it is intertwined with political, social, economic and cultural aspects and with the time it was performed. Therefore, the methods used were the phenomenological method, which describes the experience the way it really is, and the dialectical method, which is dynamic because it considers the facts within a broader context. The first chapter deals with the contribution of Geography to Education and presents data on students' perceptions concerning the physical, the relational and the pedagogical space of the school. The second chapter discusses the concepts of space and place and presents data concerning the communitarian, residential and family space of students. The third chapter presents aspects of care that the educational management provides for its future alumni, focusing on aspects related to the school space and the conclusion of high school. The results of this research will be able to provide the school community with basis that enables the construction of a contextualized plan and, simultaneously, the development of activities to improve the quality of the education that is offered. Thus, after this geographical research is socialized, it will contribute to the raising of collective consciousness, bringing together education and reality, educators and pupils, theory and practice, science and life, inviting all educators who share the same ideals to dream and work together to make this dream come true.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / The primary objective of this research involves mapping out and validating the existence of sub surface drainage tiles in a given cropland using Remote Sensing and GIS methodologies. The process is dependent on soil edge differentiation found in lighter versus darker IR reflectance values from tiled vs. untiled soils patches. Data is collected from various sources and a primary classifier is created using secondary field variables such as soil type, topography and land Use and land cover (LULC). The classifier mask reduces computational time and allows application of various filtering algorithms for detection of edges. The filtered image allows an efficient feature recognition platform allowing the tile drains to be better identified. User defined methods and natural vision based methodologies are also developed or adopted as novel techniques for edge detection. The generated results are validated with field data sets which were established using Ground Penetration Radar (GPR) studies. Overlay efficiency is calculated for each methodology along with omission and commission errors. This comparison yields adaptable and efficient edge detection techniques which can be used for similar areas allowing further development of the tile detection process.