München, Univ. der Bundeswehr, Diss., 2009.

Techn. University, Diss., 2003--Berlin.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:33:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-09-04Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:05:00Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 santos_jp_dr_rcla.pdf: 1911635 bytes, checksum: 90971e50ed4397840a2a1668cedd3bb3 (MD5) / Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana / As novas tecnologias da Informação têm ocasionado profundas transformações no modo de vida do homem atual. A busca pelo desenvolvimento econômico e social, sinaliza para a necessidade de se lançar mão cada vez mais de ciência e tecnologia como ferramentas de gestão de territórios, particularmente as da Geoinformação, que abrangem: a aquisição, processamento e interpretação de dados espaciais, por meio de produtos do Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG), do Sistema de Posicionamento Global (GPS), de Sensores Remotos, da Cartografia e outras Geotecnologias. A adoção de um modelo de Geoinformação de caráter público-privado torna-se indispensável para colocar à disposição das sociedades locais, dados e produtos geotecnológicos, hoje tão necessários ao planejamento, gestão, tomada de decisão e produção de riquezas. O uso de Geoinformação tem levado o governo e a sociedade a uma nova visão sobre as formas que os territórios devem ser ocupados, administrados e explorados. Os resultados tem sido: melhor compreensão sobre os objetos, fenômenos e processos espaciais; aumento de eficiência administrativa e redução de custos nas empresas; e melhor comunicação, colaboração e coordenação nas organizações e entre pessoas que tem o poder de decidir. Nesta proposta é sugerido um modelo conceitual de Geoinformação no qual um Geocluster compõe-se de instituições públicas e privadas produtoras e consumidoras de dados espaciais. Um centro difusor de Geoinformação é sugerido para constituir-se em local de interoperabilidade, intercâmbio e sustentabilidade partilhada, voltado para aquisição, produção, uso e disseminação de produtos de Geotecnologias. Assim, esta proposta conceitual de Geoinformação municipal para Feira de Santana, procura por meio da formulação de idéias inovadoras, sugestões na aplicação de tecnologias... / The new information technologies have caused deep transformations in the current man's way of life. The search for the economic and social development shows the necessity of resorting to science and technology, more and more, as territory management tools, especially the Geoinformation ones, which comprise: the acquisition, processing and interpretation of space data, through products of the Geographic Information System (GIS), Global Positioning System (GPS), Remote Sensors, Cartography and other Geotechnologies. A public-private model of Geoinformation becomes essential to provide local societies with geotechnological data and products, which are currently necessary for planning, management, decision-making and production of wealth. The use of Geoinformation has led the government and society to a new vision about forms in which territories must be seen, occupied, administrated and explored. The results have been the following: better comprehension of spaces objects, phenomena and processes; increase in administrative effectiveness and cost reduction in companies; better communication, cooperation and coordination in organizations and among the people who have the power of decision. This proposal suggests a model of Geoinformation in which a Geocluster is made up of private and public institutions, which are producers and consumers of space data. A broadcast center of Geoinformation is suggested to create a place of interoperability, exchange and shared sustainability; and it is directed to the acquisition, production, use and spread of the products of Geotechnologies. Thus, a proposal of municipal Geoinformation to Feira de Santana aims to promote models directed to assist the local development through the formulation of innovative ideas and suggestions on use of technologies and presentation of solutions.

Mit der Entwicklung der modernen Raumfahrt Mitte der 60er-Jahre des zwanzigsten Jahrhunderts und der Eroberung des Weltraums brach eine neue Epoche der bis dato auf Beobachtungen mit dem Teleskop gestützten planetaren Forschung an. Während des Wettrennens um die technologische Führerschaft im All zur Zeit des Kalten Krieges war das erste Ziel die Entsendung von Satelliten zur Erdbeobachtung, denen aber schon bald Sonden zum Mond und den benachbarten Planeten folgten. Diese Missionen lieferten eine enorme Fülle von Informationen in Form von Bildern und Messergebnissen in unterschiedlichen Datenformaten. Diese galt und gilt es zu strukturieren, zu verwalten, zu aktualisieren und zu interpretieren. Für die Interpretation terrestrischer Daten werden geographische Informationssysteme (GIS) hinzugezogen, die jedoch für planetare Anwendungen aufgrund unterschiedlicher Voraussetzungen nicht ohne weiteres eingesetzt werden können. Daher wurde im Rahmen dieser Arbeit die für die Verwaltung von geographischen Daten der Erdfernerkundung kommerziell erhältliche Software ArcGIS Desktop 9.0 / 9.1 (ESRI) mit eigenen Programmen und Modulen für die Planetenforschung angepasst. Diese ermöglichen die Aufbereitung und den Import planetarer Bild- und Textinformation in die kommerzielle Software. Zusätzlich wurde eine planetare Datenbank zur Speicherung und zentralen Verwaltung der Informationen aufgebaut. Die im Rahmen dieser Arbeit entwickelten Softwarekomponenten ermöglichen die schnelle und benutzerfreundliche Aufbereitung der in der Datenbank gehaltenen Informationen und das Auslesen in Dateiformate, die für geographische Informationssysteme geeignet sind. Des Weiteren wurde eine „Werkzeugleiste“ für ArcGIS entwickelt, die das Arbeiten mit planetaren Datensätzen beträchtlich beschleunigt und vereinfacht. Sie beinhaltet auch Module zur wissenschaftlichen Interpretation der planetaren Informationen, wie beispielsweise der Berechnung der Oberflächenrauigkeit der Marsoberfläche inklusive der flächendeckenden Kalibrierung der Eingangs-Basisdaten. Exemplarisch konnte gezeigt werden, dass das Verfahren eine verbesserte Berechnung der Oberflächenrauigkeit ermöglicht, als bisher angewandte Ansätze. Zudem wurde eine auf ArcGIS basierende Prozesskette zur Berechnung von hierarchischen Flussnetzen entwickelt und erprobt. Das terrestrische Beispiel, die Analyse eines Abflusssystems auf Island, zeigte eine sehr große Übereinstimmung der errechneten Gewässernetze mit den morphologischen Gegebenheiten vor Ort. Daraus ließ sich eine hohe Genauigkeit der mit demselben Ansatz errechneten Gewässernetze auf dem Mars ableiten. Auf der Grundlage der in dieser Arbeit entwickelten Programme und Module lassen sich auch Daten zukünftiger Missionen aufbereiten und in ein solches System einbinden, um diese mit eigenen Ansätzen zu verwalten, zu aktualisieren und für neue wissenschaftliche Fragestellungen perfekt anzupassen, einzusetzen und zu präsentieren, um so neue wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse in der Planetenforschung zu gewinnen. / After previously only telescopic observations, a new era of planetary research started in the middle of the 60s with the emergence of modern spaceflights and the conquest of the outer space. During the Cold War, there was a period of conflict and competition between the United States and the Soviet Union for technological leadership in the outer space, the aim being to lift satellites into space for observing the Earth. Later, satellites followed for the exploration of the moon and our neighboring planets. These missions generated a huge amount of technical results and images having diverse data formats. This information needs to be structured, administrated, updated and interpreted. The geographic information system (GIS) is a tool for management and analysis of terrestrial data but has limits for planetary applications. Therefore we implemented modules and computer programs into the commercially available software ArcGIS Desktop 9.0 / 9.1 (ESRI), used for the administration of spatial information in terrestrial remote sensing, providing tools for planetary research. These supplements allow the processing and import of planetary text and visual information into this commercial software. Furthermore a planetary database was established allowing storage and central administration of information. The software developed during this thesis enables the user fast and easy processing of data stored in the database and readout in data formats applicable for geographic information systems. Moreover a toolbar was developed for ArcGIS that enhances and simplifies dealing with planetary datasets. This toolbar contains modules for the scientific interpretation of planetary information as for example tools for the calculation of the surface roughness of the planet mars including area-wide calibration of the basic data. As an example, it is shown in this thesis that this procedure allows a more accurate calculation of the surface roughness than approaches used so far. Furthermore a workflow based on ArcGIS was generated and tested for the calculation of hierarchical drainage networks. A terrestrial example based on a dataset from Iceland shows a high concordance between the computer-generated drainage network and the real morphological situation. This tool allows the calculation of drainage networks with high accuracy on Mars. The programs and modules developed in this thesis provide the basis for processing and structuring datasets generated in future space missions. This planetary information and analysis system allows administration, updating, and adaptation to scientific questions and the presentation of data leading thereby to new insights in the planetary research.

Die effektive Erzeugung von Wissen ist eine der zentralen Herausforderungen des 21. Jahrhunderts. Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien, wie die Neuen Medien, durchdringen alle Bereiche des täglichen Lebens. Sie ermöglichen den Zugriff auf gigantische Datenmengen, die die Grundvoraussetzung für die Generierung von Wissen darstellen, aber gleichzeitig eine Datenflut bedeuten, der wir ohnmächtig gegenüberstehen. <br><br> Innerhalb der raumwissenschaftlichen Fachdisziplinen spielen die Neuen Medien für die Kommunikation von Sachinformation eine wichtige Rolle. Die internetbasierte Distribution von Karten, angereichert mit zusätzlichen Informationen in Form von Audiosequenzen oder Filmausschnitten, spiegelt diese Entwicklung wieder. Vor diesem Hintergrund erfolgt die Untersuchung der Frage, ob Neue Medien dazu genutzt werden können, raumwissenschaftliche Fachinhalte zu vermitteln. Von besonderem Interesse ist dabei die Frage, ob durch den Einsatz Neuer Medien in der Lehre ein Mehrwert für die Benutzer entsteht. Der Ausgangspunkt dieser Forschungsfrage besteht in der herausragenden Bedeutung von Visualisierung zur leicht verständlichen Darstellung komplexer Sachverhalte, sowie der entsprechenden Werkzeug- und Methodenkompetenz für die Nutzung Neuer Medien in den raumwissen-schaftlichen Disziplinen.<br><br> Die Grundlage für die Entwicklung von mehrwertigen Lernangeboten ist die Betrachtung von Lernen als Kommunikationsprozess zur Konstruktion von Wissen, was bedeutet, dass der Entwickler derartiger Angebote über Möglichkeiten zur Optimierung dieses Kommunikationsprozesses verfügt. Auf dieser Basis erfolgt eine Erweiterung des in den raumwissenschaftlichen Disziplinen verwendeten Kommunikationsbegriffs um den Aspekt der Lehre von Fachinhalten. Als relevante Ansatzpunkte für die Optimierung der Kommunikation von Fachinhalten werden die didaktische und die mediale Aufbereitung identifiziert. Diese können zum einen die Motivation der Lernenden positiv beeinflussen und zum anderen durch Wirkung auf die Wahrnehmung der Lernenden zu einem vereinfachten Verständnis beitragen. Im Mittelpunkt der didaktischen Aufbereitung steht die problemorientierte Vermittlung der Inhalte, d.h. sie werden anhand konkreter Problemsituationen aus der Praxis vermittelt und gelten deshalb als besonders anschaulich und anwendungsorientiert. Bei der medialen Aufbereitung steht die Verwendung einer Kombination aus Text und Graphik/Animation im Mittelpunkt, die darauf abzielt, das Verstehen komplexer Sachverhalte zu erleichtern.<br><br> Zur Überprüfung der Forschungsfrage haben Studierende raumwissenschaftlicher Studiengänge der Universität Potsdam das Lernangebot ausprobiert und anhand eines Fragebogens verschiedene Aspekte bewertet. Themenschwerpunkt dieser Evaluation waren die Akzeptanz, die Bedienbarkeit, die didak-tische und mediale Aufbereitung der Inhalte, die Auswahl und Verständlichkeit der Inhalte sowie die Praxistauglichkeit. Ein Großteil der Befragten hat dem Lernangebot einen Mehrwert gegenüber konventionellen Bildungsangeboten bescheinigt. Als Aspekte dieses Mehrwertes haben sich vor allem die Praxisnähe, die Unabhängigkeit von Zeit und Ort bei der Nutzung und die Vermittlung der Inhalte auf der Grundlage einer Kombination aus Text und interaktiven Animationen herauskristallisiert. / The effective generation of knowledge is one of the central challenges in the 21st century. Technologies of information and communication like the new media pervade all areas of daily life. They grant access to gigantic pools of data, which form the basic precondition for the generation of knowledge. At the same time, we often feel helpless in the face of this deluge of data.<br><br> New media play an important role in the communication of factual information within the geospatial sciences. Internet-based distribution of maps augmented with ancillary information such as audio sequences or film clips mirror this development. On this background the question whether new media can be used in order to communicate geospatial factual information is examined. The question, whether the application of new media in teaching forms an addition in usability for the user is of special interest. The outstanding significance of visualisation for the easily intelligible description of complex facts as well as the competence with tools and methods for the usage of new media within the geospatial sciences is the starting point of this research question. <br><br> The basis for the development of augmented learning materials is the consideration of learning as a process of communication in the construction of knowledge. This implies that the person developing those augmented learning materials has access to means with which to optimize this communication process. On this basis, the term „communication“ as used in geospatial sciences becomes augmented with aspects of the procurement of factual information within the teaching process. The didactic and the medial processing are identified as relevant starting points for the optimization of the communication of factual information. On the one hand, they can have a positive influence on students’ motivation to learn. On the other hand, their impact on the cognition of the learners can contribute to a better understanding. At the center of the didactic processing is the problem-based communication of the contents. They are being communicated on the basis of practical problem situations and therefore are classified as especially vivid and operationally oriented. In the medial processing, the use of a combination of text and graphics and/or animation is of central importance. It aims at an easier understanding of complex facts. <br><br> In order to collect data for the verification of this research question, students of geospatial sciences at the University of Potsdam have tested teaching offers in the form of web-based training units and evaluated its diverse aspects by means of a questionnaire. Focal points of this evaluation were usability, acceptance, didactic and medial processing of content and practicability. Opposed to conventional teaching offers, the majority of the interviewees claimed to benefit from the web-based training unit. As the main aspects of this benefit, students mentioned the independence of time and space in the usage and the communication of the content based on a combined use of text and interactive animations. <br> ----------<br> Das HTML-Dokument enthält die Lernsequenz "GIS in der Standortplanung". Die Anwendung wurde im Rahmen der Dissertation angefertigt und ist Teil der vom BMBF geförderten Lernumgebung geoinformation.net.

Konstanz, Univ., Diss., 2005.

Trier, Univ., Diss., 2002.

Universiẗat, Diss., 2005--Bonn.

Orientador: João Fernando Custódio da Silva / Banca: Paulo Cesar Lima Segantine / Banca: Francisco Assis da Silva / Banca: Silvely Nogueira de Almeida Salomão Neia / Banca: Amilton Amorim / Resumo: Essa pesquisa apresenta um estudo acerca dos fatores contribuintes de acidentes rodoviários com o objetivo de fornecer evidências para analisar o comportamento dos fatores contribuintes envolvidos nesses acidentes, mais especificamente nos trechos críticos. Desejase identificar a relação dos fatores com o grau de severidade de um acidente (danos materiais, sem vítimas fatais e com vítimas fatais) e o impacto de cada classe de fator na ocorrência de um acidente. A intensão é embasar uma análise geoespacial levando em consideração técnicas estatísticas e cartográficas e contribuir para melhorar a qualidade das informações sobre segurança viária no país e seu atual cenário crítico. A estrutura metodológica da pesquisa consiste em três etapas principais: (I) Identificação e determinação de segmentos de trechos críticos, (II) Mapeamento dos fatores contribuintes "via" para o acidente e (III) Investigação e estudo dos fatores contribuintes. Quatro trechos de rodovias do oeste do estado de São Paulo foram escolhidos como área de estudo. Na etapa I propôs-se um método de interpolação espacial de escolha de segmentos de trechos críticos levando a premissa existência da dependência geográfica dos acidentes em consideração. No total, foram identificados oito segmentos de trechos críticos na área de estudo. A etapa II concentrou-se no mapeamento dos fatores contribuintes desses segmentos de trechos críticos. Essa etapa trouxe o caráter tecnológico à pesquisa por fazer uso da integração d... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This research presents a study about the contributing factors of road accidents in order to provide evidences to analyse the behaviour of contributing factors involved in these accidents more specifically in critical sections. The intention is to identify the relationship between those factors and the severity degree of an accident (material damage, no fatalities and fatalities) and the impact of each factor class on an accident occurrence. The aim is to base on geospatial analysis taking into account statistical and cartographic techniques and contribute to improve the quality of the road safety information in the country which has a current critical scene. The methodological structure of this thesis consists of following three main steps: (I) Identification and determination of critical sections segments, (II) mapping "road" contributing factors for each accident and (III) Investigation and study of the contributing factors. Four sections of highways in the west of São Paulo state were chosen as the study area. In Step I, proposed a spatial interpolation method to choose critical sections segments premising the existence of geographical dependence of the considered accidents. In entire, eight critical sections segments were identified in the study area. Step II focused on mapping the contributing factors of these segments. This step brought the technological character to this research by making use of geotechnologies integration and the contribution of Cartographic Sciences... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Orientador: Maria Isabel Castreghini de Freitas / Banca: Antonio Carlos Cavalli / Banca: Andréa Aparecida Zacharias / Banca: Magda Adelaide Lombardo / Banca: Miguel Cézar Sanchez / Resumo: As novas tecnologias da Informação têm ocasionado profundas transformações no modo de vida do homem atual. A busca pelo desenvolvimento econômico e social, sinaliza para a necessidade de se lançar mão cada vez mais de ciência e tecnologia como ferramentas de gestão de territórios, particularmente as da Geoinformação, que abrangem: a aquisição, processamento e interpretação de dados espaciais, por meio de produtos do Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG), do Sistema de Posicionamento Global (GPS), de Sensores Remotos, da Cartografia e outras Geotecnologias. A adoção de um modelo de Geoinformação de caráter público-privado torna-se indispensável para colocar à disposição das sociedades locais, dados e produtos geotecnológicos, hoje tão necessários ao planejamento, gestão, tomada de decisão e produção de riquezas. O uso de Geoinformação tem levado o governo e a sociedade a uma nova visão sobre as formas que os territórios devem ser ocupados, administrados e explorados. Os resultados tem sido: melhor compreensão sobre os objetos, fenômenos e processos espaciais; aumento de eficiência administrativa e redução de custos nas empresas; e melhor comunicação, colaboração e coordenação nas organizações e entre pessoas que tem o poder de decidir. Nesta proposta é sugerido um modelo conceitual de Geoinformação no qual um Geocluster compõe-se de instituições públicas e privadas produtoras e consumidoras de dados espaciais. Um centro difusor de Geoinformação é sugerido para constituir-se em local de interoperabilidade, intercâmbio e sustentabilidade partilhada, voltado para aquisição, produção, uso e disseminação de produtos de Geotecnologias. Assim, esta proposta conceitual de Geoinformação municipal para Feira de Santana, procura por meio da formulação de idéias inovadoras, sugestões na aplicação de tecnologias... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The new information technologies have caused deep transformations in the current man's way of life. The search for the economic and social development shows the necessity of resorting to science and technology, more and more, as territory management tools, especially the Geoinformation ones, which comprise: the acquisition, processing and interpretation of space data, through products of the Geographic Information System (GIS), Global Positioning System (GPS), Remote Sensors, Cartography and other Geotechnologies. A public-private model of Geoinformation becomes essential to provide local societies with geotechnological data and products, which are currently necessary for planning, management, decision-making and production of wealth. The use of Geoinformation has led the government and society to a new vision about forms in which territories must be seen, occupied, administrated and explored. The results have been the following: better comprehension of spaces objects, phenomena and processes; increase in administrative effectiveness and cost reduction in companies; better communication, cooperation and coordination in organizations and among the people who have the power of decision. This proposal suggests a model of Geoinformation in which a Geocluster is made up of private and public institutions, which are producers and consumers of space data. A broadcast center of Geoinformation is suggested to create a place of interoperability, exchange and shared sustainability; and it is directed to the acquisition, production, use and spread of the products of Geotechnologies. Thus, a proposal of municipal Geoinformation to Feira de Santana aims to promote models directed to assist the local development through the formulation of innovative ideas and suggestions on use of technologies and presentation of solutions. / Doutor