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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

O conteudo geologico em cursos de engenharia civil : analise de disciplinas geologicas em cursos do estado de São Paulo e concepções de especialistas / Geological content in civil courses: analysis of geological disciplines in São Paulo state courses and experts conceptions

Furegatti, Simone Andrea 26 January 2006 (has links)
Orientadores: Pedro Wagner Gonçalves, Carlos Alberto Lobão da Silveira Cunha / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociencias / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T01:30:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Furegatti_SimoneAndrea_M.pdf: 976300 bytes, checksum: 02ab1710d4a0cc7b4d9999baeca6488e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: O conteúdo geológico em cursos de Engenharia Civil é o objeto central da presente dissertação, que expõe e analisa o conteúdo ministrado nos cursos do estado de São Paulo na atualidade e levanta uma concepção de conteúdo a partir de sugestões de especialistas da área de Geologia de Engenharia. Paralelamente, em revisão bibliográfica feita sobre o ensino de Engenharia e o ensino de Geologia são destacados dois aspectos com possível ligação ao conteúdo geológico: a interação de disciplinas e a preocupação com o meio ambiente. Inicialmente a presente dissertação propõe uma reflexão sobre o conteúdo geológico como aspecto interdisciplinar e como parte do conhecimento sobre Natureza. O trabalho apresenta o levantamento dos dados de disciplinas com conteúdo geológico dos cursos do estado e síntese das entrevistas dos especialistas. Foram obtidas 26 respostas, dos 50 cursos existentes no estado em 2004, ano em que foi realizado o levantamento. Análise desta amostra permite vislumbrar um panorama do conteúdo geológico veiculado nos cursos, apresentando, além do conteúdo programático, dados das disciplinas, como carga horária, o período em que se inserem no curso, a distribuição do conteúdo nessas disciplinas, a bibliografia indicada e um perfil profissional dos docentes responsáveis por elas. As entrevistas foram realizadas com dois geólogos e dois engenheiros civis, considerados especialistas na área de Geologia de Engenharia por sua experiência de mais de 3 ou 4 décadas, três deles com experiência acadêmica no ensino de Geologia para os cursos de Geologia e de Engenharia Civil, ou de Arquitetura e Urbanismo. As entrevistas sugerem possíveis caminhos para a escolha de temas geológicos a serem abordados em cursos de Engenharia Civil. Nas entrevistas pode-se constatar a presença dos dois aspectos destacados da revisão bibliográfica, os quais aparecem como preocupação demonstrada por ambos especialistas com as intervenções na Natureza causadas pelo homem, por intermédio do engenheiro civil como executor, e também como possibilidade de se promover interações entre disciplinas geológicas e variadas disciplinas aplicadas de Engenharia, a partir do conteúdo geológico. Finalmente, são identificadas as convergências e divergências existentes entre a interpretação das entrevistas, os resultados da análise dos dados obtidos das disciplinas com conteúdo geológico dos cursos considerados e os aspectos detectados na revisão bibliográfica. As conclusões são de que a importância dada à Geologia por parte dos cursos é pequena, contradizendo a opinião dos especialistas. O retrato do que é ensinado nos cursos está muito aquém das expectativas dos especialistas que defendem ênfase nos processos ao ensinar temas de Geologia Geral e uma articulação desta com a Geologia Aplicada. Esta última é quase inexistente nos cursos do estado e largamente indicada pelos especialistas. A sugestão que fica é de se manter aceso o debate, por parte de organismos profissionais, técnico-científicos, autoridades junto às IES para manter a reflexão e incrementar o ensino de Geologia nos cursos de Engenharia Civil / Abstract: The aim of this research is to analyze the geological content in Civil Engineering courses. Nowadays the content in São Paulo state is examined and compared with the content suggested by Geology Engineering experts. The research shows us two aspects dealt with in the Curriculum Guidelines for the Engineering courses, as in the discussions generated by their definitions and implementations, the intra-discipline and the preoccupation with the environment, proposing a reflection about geological issues as an interdisciplinary aspect and also as part of the knowledge about Nature. It also presents the collection of data of the disciplines with geological content and synthesis of interviews with experts. Twenty-six answers were obtained from fifty existent courses in the state in 2004, when the survey was conducted. Such analysis allows for a panorama of the geological issues transmitted in the courses, beyond the pragmatics approach of the geological disciplines: there is number of hours, the period in which they interfere in the course, the number of students, the distribution of the content in these disciplines, the bibliography indicated and a professional profile of the teachers. The interviews were performed with two geologists and two civil engineers considered specialists in the area of Geology of Engineering, due to, among other factors, their experience of more than three or four decades. In fact, three of them had academic experience in teaching Geology in the courses of Geology and Civil Engineering or Architecture and Urbanization. The interviews suggest possible ways to choose geological themes to be approached in the courses of Civil Engineering. In the interviews the presence of the two aspects highlighted in the bibliography, as a concern demonstrated by all specialists about the interventions in the Nature caused by Civil Engineering, and also as a possibility to promote interactions between geological disciplines and several applied disciplines of Engineering, starting from the geological content. Finally, convergences and divergences are identified among the interpretation of the interviews, the results of the analysis of the disciplines with geological content and the aspects detected in the bibliographical revision. Civil Engineering courses do not emphasize the importance of geological issues. What is taught is not enough for experts that believe in teaching General Geology with Applied Geology. The latter is almost non-existent, although suggested by specialists. The suggestion is under debate by professionals, technical-science and undergraduate Institution authorities in attempt to improve the teaching of Geology in Civil Engineering Courses / Mestrado / Mestre em Ensino e Historia de Ciencias da Terra
12

Examining Validity and Coherence in a Cognitively-Based Science Performance Assessment

Whitaker, Audrey Rabi Steele January 2022 (has links)
The purpose of this research was to explore the coherence and effectiveness of an assessment approach that combined principles of cognitive-based assessment, performance assessment, and the Next Generation Science Standards. By drawing on research on learning progressions and cognition in geoscience to design, implement, and analyze an Earth Science performance assessment at the high school level, I explored the challenges and opportunities inherent in a cognitively-based science performance assessment system. The primary research question for this study was: How do cognitively-based performance assessments promote coherence between students’ understanding, responses, and scoring? Four subquestions allowed me to compare observations of student thinking with written responses and scores across multiple modalities in order to characterize the overall coherence of the assessment system. Using a design study approach, an assessment was developed using a two-phase process. First, a construct map was created that outlined a learning progression for each of four geology subdomains: geologic time & stratigraphy; surface processes; plate tectonics; and geologic maps. Second, the construct map guided the development of interconnected performance assessment tasks intended to elicit and measure student thinking within those geology subdomains. Twenty-two high school students engaged in a think-aloud protocol while completing the performance assessment. Student responses from the performance assessment were scored according to a predetermined scoring procedure that generated scores on individual items as well as holistic scores for each construct. Data from student written responses and think-alouds were quantitatively coded in alignment with the cognitive model for the assessment system. I used these data to examine the correlations between student thinking, written responses, and scores, in both item-by-item and holistic modalities. The strength of these correlations varied by construct, but some overall patterns emerged: (1) The design of this cognitively-based science performance assessment was successful in eliciting thinking about all four levels of each construct, and there were instances where student thinking went beyond the intended bounds of specific items. (2) For comparisons of student thinking to written responses or scores, holistic values captured a similar or better level of correlation than individual items, pointing to the important role of holistic scoring in the interpretation phase of this assessment approach. (3) The performance assessment produced scores for three out of four constructs with statistically significant correlations to student thinking. Together, these results show that fully capturing student thinking remains a formidable challenge for the assessment field, but that cognitively-based science performance assessment tasks have significant potential to reveal the extent and breadth of student thinking beyond traditional assessment approaches. The findings in this study have implications for the ways in which different stakeholders in science education, including classroom teachers, curriculum writers, and education leadership, can harness the power of cognitively-based assessment tools to better measure and support student learning.
13

Jogo "Ciclo das rochas" : um recurso ludico para o ensino de geociencias / The "ROCK CYCLE" game : a playful resource for geosciences teaching

Lopes, Osvaldo Rodrigues 20 December 2007 (has links)
Orientador: Celso Dal Re Carneiro / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociencias / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T00:34:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lopes_OsvaldoRodrigues_M.pdf: 3073071 bytes, checksum: 2541fa8b8d9ba585ebcc1ec73680ea26 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Pesquisas sobre utilização educacional de jogos e brinquedos são relativamente comuns no ensino de diferentes disciplinas, notadamente em Matemática. O presente estudo focaliza a área de Geologia, na qual a pesquisa revelou existirem poucos relatos de experiências dessa natureza. Esse quadro incentivou o desenvolvimento e uso de jogos neste campo. A proposta de jogo ¿Ciclo das Rochas¿ comprova o valor positivo da utilização de jogos didáticos no ensino-aprendizagem de Ciências da Terra. Além da inserção de propriedades do lúdico como prazer, divertimento e autonomia sobre seus atos, os jogos com finalidade didático-pedagógica promovem a construção do conhecimento ao conectar vários aspectos do processo de aprendizagem, como cognição, afeição, socialização e criatividade. Com o objetivo de desenvolver um jogo didático-geológico capaz de apoiar a aplicação, o desenvolvimento e a difusão de conceitos e raciocínios típicos das Geociências ou, mais especificamente, da Geologia, optou-se por elaborar uma estrutura de jogo contendo dois níveis de dificuldade (1 e 2) e direcionados para alunos de ensino superior em disciplinas de geologia introdutória. Após alguns estudos preliminares, foi delineado e proposto um problema prático, que consiste em construir modelo representativo do Ciclo das Rochas. Para resolução, os participantes formam grupos pequenos e trabalham cooperativa e competitivamente. O jogo envolve os seguintes elementos: um tabuleiro, cartas geológicas, cartas-dicas e um dado comum de seis faces, que podem ser facilmente obtidos e confeccionados com materiais simples. Isso permite ao professor levar o jogo pronto para aplicação no ambiente escolar ou orientar a elaboração do jogo, em etapas sucessivas, pelos próprios alunos, de acordo com o tempo disponível, objetivos e grau de dificuldade. As cartas geológicas contêm informações necessárias para os jogadores completarem o tabuleiro, divididas nas categorias de cartas de processos (vermelhas) e cartas de produtos (azuis). As primeiras incluem os principais processos geológicos do ciclo (intemperismo, erosão etc.), enquanto as segundas descrevem produtos, como p. ex. sedimentos, magma e tipos de rocha. A complexidade no uso de termos é variável, dependendo do nível de escolaridade e familiaridade do participante com conceitos de Geologia. Essa propriedade do jogo proposto ajuda o professor a adequar o jogo de acordo com suas necessidades. A utilização prática revelou que a alternativa excede o papel de mero objeto de entretenimento, sendo instrumento de apoio ao ensino, porque ajuda a disseminar termos e conceitos relacionados ao tema / Abstract: It is relatively easy to find educational games and toys and also papers that report their use for teaching of different disciplines, specially on Mathematics. By the other hand, there are scarce similar experiences in the scientific branch of Geology. This situation has encouraged research on geological games. The ¿Rock Cycle¿ game is a proposal to stimulate geosciences teaching by means of a simple ¿board-and-playingcards¿ structure, which can be easily obtained and made with simple materials. The geologic game is capable to support the application, development and diffusion of concepts and some typical reasonings of the Geosciences and, or, more specifically, Geology. After some preliminary studies, is was designed and proposed a practical problem, which is to build a representative model of the rock cycle in Nature. Beyond the inclusion of properties such as pleasure, fun and autonomy, games dedicated to teaching-learning purposes promote the construction of knowledge allowing one to connect various didactic-pedagogic aspects, such as cognition, affection, entertainment and creativity. To play the game, the participants form small groups that cooperate and/or compete towards resolution of the problem. The playing cards yield information the players need to complete a diagram of the complete cycle. There are two categories of cards: cards of processes (red) and cards of products (blue). The first group describes the main geologic processes (weathering, erosion etc.), while the second ones describe products (different rock types, sediments etc.). There are also hint-cards including a few relevant information useful to solve the problem of positioning a given card on the board. Two models of boards (diagram structures) have been developed, adjusted to different levels of difficulty: basic and advanced. The basic-level board model is composed by a diagram of the rock cycle, ornamented with boxes that should be completed out by the players. In the advanced-level board model a similar network of boxes is presented, but the underlying diagram is absent, as to increase the degree of complexity. The choice between a higher or a lower degree of complexity depends on the school level at which the game is applied, as well as the familiarity of the participants with concepts of Geology. The game and the practical tests suggest the use of games to be highly positive for teaching-learning. The proposed game largely exceeds the typical functions of a mere entertainment object; it may help teachers to adjust the game to their needs. It can be an effective education tool, as long as the ¿Rock Cycle¿ game helps to popularize new theoretical concepts related to the subject / Mestrado / Mestre em Ensino e Historia de Ciencias da Terra
14

Interdisciplinariedade por meio da concepção de ciclo da agua em uma bacia de drenagem de Campinas, SP / Interdisciplinary through the cycle of water conception in a drainage basin at Campinas, SP

Ribeiro, Stella Regina 19 December 2007 (has links)
Orientador: Pedro Wagner Gonçalves / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociencias / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T13:06:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ribeiro_StellaRegina_M.pdf: 5110953 bytes, checksum: a891c8396ff7e81289fa61f793407c0f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Esta pesquisa consiste em um trabalho desenvolvido em escola pública municipal da cidade de Campinas em parceria com duas professoras que ministravam as disciplinas de Geografia e Ciências no Ensino Fundamental para alunos de 5ª série. Foram realizadas atividades de formação continuada nas quais objetivo era investigar o ensino tratando questões ambientais. Houve um esforço de tratar o ciclo da água de forma sistêmica utilizando distintas fontes de informação desde científicas a populares. O ciclo da água foi tratado a partir do local (microbacia de drenagem). O pressuposto do trabalho defende integração curricular por meio de debate e pesquisa colaborativa. Mostra-se a existência de dificuldades no tratamento do ciclo da água embora notem-se avanços em relação ao ensino apoiado em modelos extremamente simplificados. Atividades de campo mostraram-se especialmente enriquecedoras para professores e alunos começarem a refletir sobre o modelo de ciclo da água / Abstract: This research consists in a work developed at a public school in Campinas, SP. There was a partnership with two teachers, one geographer and other science teacher, who teach to 11 years old kids. Activities from continuing teacher were developed and the objective was investigate the teaching of addressing environmental studies. There was an effort to treat the water cycle upon systemic approch using different sources of information (scientific and popular ideas). We defend the curricular integration by means of collaborative research. We show up that there are difficulties to understand the cycle of water though we observe advances in teaching. These advances are concerning with field trip activities / Mestrado / Mestre em Ensino e Historia de Ciencias da Terra

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