The effects of globalization have changed the global market rules which encourage many firms to expand their sales to foreign markets with the aim of entering new and potential profitable market. OnDemand Group (ODG) ‚ UK Based Company that focuses on content management on the platforms of operators’ music and video‚ has already seen the advantages by entering 24 different country markets and now by entering to Dubai market which is the opportunity for ODG to move to Middle East market. However‚ the internationalization process is a long process for the firms. The firms must choose the right market, right entry modes, target markets to benefit from opportunities, design new global marketing program, and find appropriate ways to implement that program in each market. In this thesis‚ we mainly focused on implementation of global marketing program‚ because‚ regional differences due to different preferences of other markets can be a shortcoming for ODG for the creation and implementation of global marketing program in Dubai. Our aim is to understand how OnDemand Group marketing program accommodate these differences, and what changes they are making in the marketing program and organizations to reach the new potential markets and broadband operators in Middle East close to United Arab Emirates market. To find out the answers for our research question related with global marketing program‚ Qualitative method is used in our study. Qualitative method in this research will aim to collect both primary data through e−mail and phone interview, and secondary data related with ODG is obtained through ODG website and relevant reports, academic journals, university database, books and relevant websites. In conclusion, we clearly observe that many aspects of the global marketing program remained unchanged, and there are many processes that are even standardized like some processes in the operations and the strategic management models by headquarters. However when it comes for the end customer services offered by ODG, there are a quite high level of customization between different regions and countries. In real practice, we find this applicable even for simple product companies that offer some level of services. .

Because of the globalization, oil/energy crisis, divergent political senses, conflicts between economy development and eco strategy, local protest, and China¡¦s open economical strategy, the economy in Taiwan is beaten heavily, especially petrochemical industry. Since Mai-Liao No.6-Naphtha Cracking prject was finished, the manufacturers who supply the equipments are seriously damaged. They can only try to earn orders from international markets. Fortunately, Middle-east, Thailand and China constructing new petrochemical industrial areas in the recent years, and this gives Taiwan manufacturers a slim chance to survive. Certainly, they are facing more difficulties include the business scale, closeness, material-specialty, and the specific request of clients. To the traditional engineering-service industry, no matter to F-company or others, global marketing is the way they must go ahead. Therefore, through the questionnaire which directs to the key factors of success global marketing of petrochemical equipment manufacturers, and analyzed by AHP method, I advance the following opinions: A.In the key factors of success global marketing of petrochemical equipment manufacturers, the internal process is the most important, the secondary are relationship marketing and customer management, and organization and human resource. B.All key factors of global marketing in order are: 1. Match the quality requested by customer. 2. Price with competition. 3. Date of delivery with competition. 4. Promotion of customer-value, satisfied and reliable products/services. 5. Build and maintain good customer relationship. 6. Collaboration of up-down stream (strategy alliance) 7. Attitude and enthusiasm of employees. 8. Promotion of employees¡¦ skill (training) 9. Knowledge management of core competition. 10. Brand image (Complementary Asset.) 11. Corporation of organization and system. 12. Excellent marketing brain. 13. Ability of global marketing. 14. Analysis of customer request and self-SWOT. This research may be referred to petrochemical equipment manufacturers, and help them to learn and bring their own character and successful factors into play to achieve the success of global marketing.

Do cultural differences influence on consumers’ purchase decision making? The emergence of a global consumer culture emphasizes the idea that sharing similar needs and wants is common among group of people, and several international marketing literatures assert that many products are developed to serve universal needs. However, global marketing practitioners today have encountered a paradigm shift from the old globalism to the new globalism, which states that products and messages developments are not necessary to maximize economies of scale, but that it is more important to understand consumers’ specific needs and local conditions. This study attempts to empirically test this issue by asking consumers in two different cultures, the American individualist culture and the Thai collectivist culture, to identify the attributes they consider important in the purchase of three product categories, as well as the advertising messages that they feel effectively suit to each product category. / text

O Projeto Setorial Wines of Brasil é coordenado pelo Instituto Brasileiro do Vinho em parceria com a Agência Brasileira de Promoção de Exportações e Investimentos e busca promover o vinho brasileiro no mercado internacional. Esse trabalho teve como objetivo identificar a percepção das empresas do setor vinícola brasileiro em relação aos benefícios de marketing na internacionalização, propiciados pela participação no projeto Wines of Brasil. Foi feito um estudo exploratório utilizando a técnica de estudo de caso e trabalhou-se com o universo das empresas participantes do projeto consideradas internacionalizadas. O trabalho se desenvolveu em duas etapas: uma qualitativa, na qual os dados foram obtidos por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e entrevistas em profundidade; e uma quantitativa, por meio da aplicação de questionários. As empresas foram caracterizadas conforme o uso da marca no exterior e os mercados-alvo. Os resultados apontaram que todas as empresas utilizam marca própria no mercado externo e têm como principal destino de seus produtos os Estados Unidos. Foi medida a média da importância dos benefícios percebidos pelas empresas ao participar do projeto Wines of Brasil, que apontou que a melhora na imagem do vinho brasileiro é considerada mais importante pelas empresas. Também se buscou saber a percepção das empresas quanto às vantagens de internacionalização e marketing ao participar do projeto. Nesse quesito, as publicações específicas de cunho editorial ganharam destaque, assim como as ações desenvolvidas pelas empresas, principalmente participação em feiras, além de visitas aos clientes, parcerias e treinamentos. Por meio dos resultados foi possível afirmar que o projeto é importante para o marketing e para a internacionalização das vinícolas participantes. Desta forma, os resultados aqui apresentados poderão servir como argumento motivador para as empresas que ainda não são consideradas internacionalizadas pelo Instituto Brasileiro do Vinho (IBRAVIN) a buscarem essa alternativa. / The Wines of Brazil Sectorial Project is coordinated by the Brazilian Wine Institute in partnership with the Brazilian Agency of Promotion of Exports and Investments seeking to promote the brazilian wine in the international market. This study aimed to identify the perception of the companies in the brazilian wine industry on the benefits of international marketing, enabled by the participation in the Wines of Brazil Sectorial Project. An exploratory research using the method of case study worked with the universe of companies participating in the project that are considered internationalized. The work was developed in two stages: one qualitative, in which the data was obtained by bibliographich research and in-depth interviews; and one quantitative through the use of questionnaires. The companies were grouped according to the use of the brand abroad and target markets. The results showed that all companies use their own brands in foreign markets and their main destination of its products is the United States. The average of the importance of perceived benefits was measured by companies for participating in the Wines of Brazil project, which pointed out that the improvement in the image of Brazilian wine is considered more important by the companies. It was also sought to discover the perception of the companies about the advantages of internationalization and marketing by joining the project. In this aspect, the specific editorial publications were highlighted, as well as the actions developed by the companies, mostly by the psarticipation at fairs, and visits to customers, partnerships and training. Through the results it was possible to say that the project is important for marketing and the internationalization of the participating wineries. Thus, the results presented here can serve as a motivating argument for those companies that are not considered internationalized by the Brazilian Wine Institute (IBRAVIN) to pursue this alternative.

O Projeto Setorial Wines of Brasil é coordenado pelo Instituto Brasileiro do Vinho em parceria com a Agência Brasileira de Promoção de Exportações e Investimentos e busca promover o vinho brasileiro no mercado internacional. Esse trabalho teve como objetivo identificar a percepção das empresas do setor vinícola brasileiro em relação aos benefícios de marketing na internacionalização, propiciados pela participação no projeto Wines of Brasil. Foi feito um estudo exploratório utilizando a técnica de estudo de caso e trabalhou-se com o universo das empresas participantes do projeto consideradas internacionalizadas. O trabalho se desenvolveu em duas etapas: uma qualitativa, na qual os dados foram obtidos por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e entrevistas em profundidade; e uma quantitativa, por meio da aplicação de questionários. As empresas foram caracterizadas conforme o uso da marca no exterior e os mercados-alvo. Os resultados apontaram que todas as empresas utilizam marca própria no mercado externo e têm como principal destino de seus produtos os Estados Unidos. Foi medida a média da importância dos benefícios percebidos pelas empresas ao participar do projeto Wines of Brasil, que apontou que a melhora na imagem do vinho brasileiro é considerada mais importante pelas empresas. Também se buscou saber a percepção das empresas quanto às vantagens de internacionalização e marketing ao participar do projeto. Nesse quesito, as publicações específicas de cunho editorial ganharam destaque, assim como as ações desenvolvidas pelas empresas, principalmente participação em feiras, além de visitas aos clientes, parcerias e treinamentos. Por meio dos resultados foi possível afirmar que o projeto é importante para o marketing e para a internacionalização das vinícolas participantes. Desta forma, os resultados aqui apresentados poderão servir como argumento motivador para as empresas que ainda não são consideradas internacionalizadas pelo Instituto Brasileiro do Vinho (IBRAVIN) a buscarem essa alternativa. / The Wines of Brazil Sectorial Project is coordinated by the Brazilian Wine Institute in partnership with the Brazilian Agency of Promotion of Exports and Investments seeking to promote the brazilian wine in the international market. This study aimed to identify the perception of the companies in the brazilian wine industry on the benefits of international marketing, enabled by the participation in the Wines of Brazil Sectorial Project. An exploratory research using the method of case study worked with the universe of companies participating in the project that are considered internationalized. The work was developed in two stages: one qualitative, in which the data was obtained by bibliographich research and in-depth interviews; and one quantitative through the use of questionnaires. The companies were grouped according to the use of the brand abroad and target markets. The results showed that all companies use their own brands in foreign markets and their main destination of its products is the United States. The average of the importance of perceived benefits was measured by companies for participating in the Wines of Brazil project, which pointed out that the improvement in the image of Brazilian wine is considered more important by the companies. It was also sought to discover the perception of the companies about the advantages of internationalization and marketing by joining the project. In this aspect, the specific editorial publications were highlighted, as well as the actions developed by the companies, mostly by the psarticipation at fairs, and visits to customers, partnerships and training. Through the results it was possible to say that the project is important for marketing and the internationalization of the participating wineries. Thus, the results presented here can serve as a motivating argument for those companies that are not considered internationalized by the Brazilian Wine Institute (IBRAVIN) to pursue this alternative.

O Projeto Setorial Wines of Brasil é coordenado pelo Instituto Brasileiro do Vinho em parceria com a Agência Brasileira de Promoção de Exportações e Investimentos e busca promover o vinho brasileiro no mercado internacional. Esse trabalho teve como objetivo identificar a percepção das empresas do setor vinícola brasileiro em relação aos benefícios de marketing na internacionalização, propiciados pela participação no projeto Wines of Brasil. Foi feito um estudo exploratório utilizando a técnica de estudo de caso e trabalhou-se com o universo das empresas participantes do projeto consideradas internacionalizadas. O trabalho se desenvolveu em duas etapas: uma qualitativa, na qual os dados foram obtidos por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e entrevistas em profundidade; e uma quantitativa, por meio da aplicação de questionários. As empresas foram caracterizadas conforme o uso da marca no exterior e os mercados-alvo. Os resultados apontaram que todas as empresas utilizam marca própria no mercado externo e têm como principal destino de seus produtos os Estados Unidos. Foi medida a média da importância dos benefícios percebidos pelas empresas ao participar do projeto Wines of Brasil, que apontou que a melhora na imagem do vinho brasileiro é considerada mais importante pelas empresas. Também se buscou saber a percepção das empresas quanto às vantagens de internacionalização e marketing ao participar do projeto. Nesse quesito, as publicações específicas de cunho editorial ganharam destaque, assim como as ações desenvolvidas pelas empresas, principalmente participação em feiras, além de visitas aos clientes, parcerias e treinamentos. Por meio dos resultados foi possível afirmar que o projeto é importante para o marketing e para a internacionalização das vinícolas participantes. Desta forma, os resultados aqui apresentados poderão servir como argumento motivador para as empresas que ainda não são consideradas internacionalizadas pelo Instituto Brasileiro do Vinho (IBRAVIN) a buscarem essa alternativa. / The Wines of Brazil Sectorial Project is coordinated by the Brazilian Wine Institute in partnership with the Brazilian Agency of Promotion of Exports and Investments seeking to promote the brazilian wine in the international market. This study aimed to identify the perception of the companies in the brazilian wine industry on the benefits of international marketing, enabled by the participation in the Wines of Brazil Sectorial Project. An exploratory research using the method of case study worked with the universe of companies participating in the project that are considered internationalized. The work was developed in two stages: one qualitative, in which the data was obtained by bibliographich research and in-depth interviews; and one quantitative through the use of questionnaires. The companies were grouped according to the use of the brand abroad and target markets. The results showed that all companies use their own brands in foreign markets and their main destination of its products is the United States. The average of the importance of perceived benefits was measured by companies for participating in the Wines of Brazil project, which pointed out that the improvement in the image of Brazilian wine is considered more important by the companies. It was also sought to discover the perception of the companies about the advantages of internationalization and marketing by joining the project. In this aspect, the specific editorial publications were highlighted, as well as the actions developed by the companies, mostly by the psarticipation at fairs, and visits to customers, partnerships and training. Through the results it was possible to say that the project is important for marketing and the internationalization of the participating wineries. Thus, the results presented here can serve as a motivating argument for those companies that are not considered internationalized by the Brazilian Wine Institute (IBRAVIN) to pursue this alternative.

The international marketing literature has a common assumption that consumers across countries are becoming more similar in their consumption behavior over time. However, this assumption of global convergence of consumer spending has not been empirically tested in the literature. In this dissertation, we examine the convergence hypothesis across a heterogeneous set of countries and multiple product categories. In the first essay, we develop a conceptual framework of convergence of consumer spending behavior. In the second essay, we empirically test whether convergence is observed across markets and product categories over time. Finally, in the third essay, we investigate the effect of global convergence of consumer spending on market concentration and firms’ market shares. Using the four-firm concentration ratio, we compute the market concentration by industry in each market to investigate the effect of convergence on market concentration. We also examine the effect of convergence on market shares of individual firms, considering the moderating effects of country of origin, country of operation, and the degree of internationalization of the firm. We model the dependent variables, market concentration and market shares, using the fractional logit model. Our results show that there is an overall convergence trend across product categories and countries over time. Moreover, we find that convergence increases the market shares of the largest firms in a market. The findings of this study have theoretical and managerial implications on major marketing areas including global marketing strategy, internationalization, and market segmentation.

My diploma work goal is to make 2012 marketing plan of OTC brand COMPEED. Based on detailed market analysis marketing and financial targets of the brand were created and so the strategies how to achieve laid down targets. Within strategy brand marketing mix is being explored and based on it positioning was created. In next step I created tactics how to execute strategy and described detailed action plan containing monthly planning of marketing activities in 2012 and their budgets. Activities will be evaluated in P&L. For the first time in history of COMPEED online campaign was included in the plan. Results of online campaign are provided in last chapter of my work. Conclusion of my work is to evaluation of COMPEED brand plan.

With increasing globalisation of the world economy, there is growing interest in international business research among academics, business practitioners and public policy makers. As marketing is usually the first corporate function to internationalise, it occupies the centre-stage in the international strategy debate. The objective of this study is to understand the environmental and organisational factors that drive the desirable outcomes of learning, innovation and performance in multinational firms. By adapting the IO-based, resource-based and contingency theories, the study proposes the environment-conduct-outcome framework and a model of global marketing in MNCs. Using the structural equation modelling-based PLS methodology, the model is estimated with data from a global survey of marketing managers in MNC subsidiaries. The results show that the traditional international marketing strategy and organisational structure constructs of adaptation and autonomy do not have a significant direct effect on MNC performance. Instead, the effects are largely mediated by the networking, learning and innovation constructs that are included in the proposed model. The study also shows that, whereas collaborative decision making has a positive effect on interunit learning, subsidiary autonomy has a significant influence on innovativeness in MNC subsidiaries. Finally, it is found that marketing mix adaptation has an adverse impact on the performance of MNCs facing high global integration pressures but improves the performance of MNCs confronted with low global integration pressures. The findings have important implications for global marketing in MNCs. First, to enhance organisational learning and innovation and ultimately improve corporate performance, MNCs should simultaneously develop the potentially conflicting organisational attributes of collective decision-making among the subsidiaries and greater autonomy to the subsidiaries. Second, to tap local knowledge, MNCs should increasingly regard their country units as 'colleges' or 'seminaries' of learning rather than merely as 'subsidiaries' with secondary or subordinate roles. Finally, to improve MNC performance, the key requirement is to achieve a good fit between the global organisational structure, marketing strategy and business environment. Overall, the results provide partial support for the IO-based and resource-based views and strong support for the contingency perspective in international strategy.

Resistance of subsidiaries of multinational corporations to global coordination efforts by their headquarters is an important contemporary research subject in the field of international business studies. This case study of sales and marketing organizations in five international subsidiaries of a highly divisionalized corporation illustrates how the capabilities and the willingness to adopt and pursue global strategies is strongly influenced by local situational and organizational factors. The defining business problem was different in each country organization, ranging from product related issues such as quick innovation cycles and price competition, to economic concerns like emerging market dynamics and economic crisis, and other problems related to cultural dissimilarity. A large degree of divisionalization seems to dilute central leadership, as central managers compete for the attention and the resources of the subsidiaries and local managers behave like independent distributors, picking and choosing the most favorable offerings. In order to establish successful leadership in the absence of hierarchical control, intermediate central sales and marketing managers need to first of all internally coordinate their activities towards their local counterparts. Top management needs to establish legitimate authority of intermediate managers by clear definitions of international matrix roles and management procedures. Central sales and marketing managers need to have enough international field experience to be able to correctly assess the different local situations, advance their initiatives in a diplomatic way on all local hierarchy levels and to become overall credible and accepted partners for the local teams. Directly engaging in field activities with local customers and sales teams seems to help achieving these objectives and thus to contribute to the successful enforcement of global strategies.