This dissertation analyses, through a theoretical framework and a critical approach, letters of Cuban writers Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda and Juana Borrero. While love letters have captured the interest of some scholars, such as Claudio Guillén, Cintio Vitier and Alexander Roselló Selimov, the conflict that the analysis of non-literary texts poses has prevented further research in this field. Therefore, I propose a systematic method of analysis encompassing but not limited to evaluating letters based on their purpose, intent, interpretation, and temporal and spatial composition; analyzing the perspective and function of epistolary entities, and examining the textual signs that distinguish the epistolary forms from the literary forms. With this analytical tool, I examine a selection of letters of Gómez de Avellaneda and demonstrate that the writer displaces her identify from the autobiographic self to the epistolary self, in order to manipulate the perspective of her addressee. Caught between the Neoclassical way of thinking and the Romantic aesthetics, her assertive discourse, also reflected in her epistolary work, contributed to the incursion of women writers into the social and professional life of the nineteen century. Following the same method of investigation, an analysis of letters written by Borrero proves that, by building a world of delusion, hallucination and fantasy the writer brings to prose what first generation of female modernistas had done in poetry. In both cases, my focus is on the strategies that turn these letters into instruments of power, process that transformed the love-letter paradigm and forever renovated the women epistolary genre. This dissertation further explores the possibility of initiating a cycle in the study of personal letters to uncover a forgotten genre, mission that might build a bridge to embrace the new forms of written communication that scholars have already begun to explore in contemporary literature.

No description available.

The purpose of this essay is to find out how the influencer and businesswoman Kylie Jenner is received by the public on her Instagram account compared with how she portray herself. This essay is based on a qualitative research which reaches out to the theories gender, representation, private and public, and the two-step hypothesis. The results are based on answers from six focus groups with a total of 24 participants. The results shows that the informants longs for role models on social media and most of them agree that Kylie Jenner does not live up to the expectations that come from being a role model. The aim of this essay is to identify the characteristics of our informants answers and they have resulted in three main themes; Instagram as social medium, influencers impact on Instagram and Kylie Jenner on Instagram. The informants' views on influencers are seemingly negative because of preconceived opinions regarding the profession which shows at an early stage of the resulting part.

abstract: The following thesis tries to rescue the novels Sab and Dos mujeres, written by the XIX century writer Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda, from the hegemonic discourse offered by the contemporary critics. This is possible by comparing the Epistolar novel Tu amante ultrajada no puede ser tu amiga with the two novels analyzed. Also, this thesis examines the epistolary novel as a set of documents that creates a literary work on their own. That is to say, it studies how these letters, written to her lovers during the years 1839 to 1854, create an autobiographical fiction, a novel of the romantic period, and a character that makes a myth out of the writer and poet Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Spanish 2016

[ES] Esta tesis estudia el cortometraje pionero del cine hablado español El Orador (1928) de Ramón Gómez de la Serna, dentro de la industria primigenia del cine sonoro a través del productor Feliciano Manuel Vitores y la Hispano de Forest Fonofilms. La incógnita que se abre sobre esta obra de arte "desconocida" ha llevado a buscar los pormenores de la cinta y su resonancia viva con el presente. La tesis ha comprendido un análisis del discurso fílmico revisando las condiciones y casuísticas que rodearon el texto, el contexto y su performance posterior, analizando la obra El Orador a través de la literatura del autor, en su vinculación política-social, tecnológica y cinematográfica con la España de los años 20 del s. XX. Este trabajo sitúa la genealogía de la conferencia dramatizada en el año 1928, demostrando cómo El Orador es la primera performance cinematográfica documentada en nuestro país. La tesis marca un punto de partida desde El Orador hasta la actualidad trazando una línea de puntos discontinua que abarca casi cien años, configurando un mosaico tipológico de "especies de oralidad" que, en palabras de Miguel Molina Alarcón, continúa la estela heredada de la conferencia como género artístico. El estudio verifica la herencia, supervivencia y rastros singulares de la metaoratoria ramoniana en los artistas escénicos de posvanguardia. El trabajo se estructura en cinco capítulos. El primero describe aspectos generales del autor relacionados con su corto y biografía. El segundo aborda el texto de El Orador, con ensayos afines a la estética de su discurso, su trayectoria de conferenciante, la novela Cinelandia y los guiones que ideó para cine. El tercero aborda la confección del film y su historia dentro de la industria del cine paleosonoro, en su conexión con los demás cortos de la empresa Cinefón rodados por F. M Vitores. El cuarto capítulo narra la presentación del film como performance y su resonancia con las artes escénicas actuales, proponiendo un collage de artistas oradores. En el último presento el proyecto de cine ensayo R. cinco aproximaciones al cortometraje. Los anexos contienen varias compilaciones; imágenes del Archivo Vitores, recopilación de textos inéditos sobre cine escritos por el artista, y sus bocetos manuscritos sobre cine. El tipo de investigación ha sido mixta: constatativa, comparativa y de enlace, esto es, se ha confirmado la hipótesis de partida a través de nuevos datos obtenidos y se ha configurado a partir del material principal una propuesta creativa personal, aplicando la corriente práctica de arte-investigación. Los resultados logrados han sido, por un lado situar El Orador en su marco temporal superando su visión anecdótica y revalorizándola. La presunción del papel histórico de El Orador ha confirmado ser positiva, demostrando ser un hito de su tiempo y del nuestro. El trabajo ha permitido interpretar la nueva oralidad en el arte contemporáneo desde las características humorísticas que prefiguró el escritor, abordando la actual escena performativa. Finalmente la realización de la película experimental R. ha supuesto un diálogo entre tiempos cinematográficos distintos y una propuesta de creación híbrida inspirada por la misma libertad de Ramón. La claves críticas y estéticas que se encuentran en la película permiten observarla hoy como un modelo ejemplar de posicionamiento político, intelectual y creativo. / [CA] Aquesta tesi estudia el curtmetratge pioner del cinema parlat espanyol El Orador [L'Orador] (1928) de Ramón Gómez de la Serna, dins de la indústria primigènia del cinema sonor a través del productor Feliciano Manuel Vitores i la Hispano de Forest Fonofilms. La incògnita que s'obre sobre aquesta obra d'art "desconeguda" ha portat a buscar els detalls de la cinta i la seua ressonància viva amb el present. La tesi ha comprés una anàlisi del discurs fílmic revisant les condicions i casuístiques que van envoltar el text, el context i el seu performance posterior, analitzant l'obra El Orador [L'Orador] mitjançant la literatura de l'autor, en la seua vinculació políticasocial, tecnològica i cinematogràfica amb l'Espanya dels anys vint del s. XX. Aquest treball situa la genealogia de la conferència dramatitzada l'any 1928, demostrant com El Orador [L'Orador] és la primera performance cinematogràfica documentada al nostre país. La tesi marca un punt de partida des de El Orador [L'Orador] fins a l'actualitat traçant una línia de punts discontínua que abasta quasi cent anys, configurant un mosaic tipològic de "espècies d'oralitat" que, en paraules de Miguel Molina Alarcón, continua el deixant heretat de la conferència com a gènere artístic. L'estudi verifica l'herència, supervivència i rastres singulars de la metaoratoria ramoniana en els artistes escènics de postavantguarda. El treball s'estructura en cinc capítols. El primer descriu aspectes generals de l'autor relacionats amb el seu curt i biografia. El segon aborda el text de El Orador [L'Orador], amb assajos afins a l'estètica del seu discurs, la seua trajectòria de conferenciant, la novel·la Cinelandia i els guions que va idear per a cinema. El tercer aborda la confecció del film i la seua història dins de la indústria del cinema paleosonor, en la seua connexió amb els altres curts de l'empresa Cinefón rodats per F. M Vitores. El quart capítol narra la presentació del film com performance i la seua ressonància amb les arts escèniques actuals, proposant un collage d'artistes oradors. En l'últim presentem el projecte de cinema assaig R. cinc aproximacions al curtmetratge. Els annexos contenen diverses compilacions; imatges de l'Arxiu Vitores, recopilació de textos inèdits sobre cinema escrits per l'artista, i els seus esbossos manuscrits sobre cinema. El tipus d'investigació ha sigut mixta: constatativa, comparativa i d'enllaç, això és, s'ha confirmat la hipòtesi de partida mitjançant les noves dades obtingudes i s'ha configurat a partir del material principal una proposta creativa personal, aplicant la corrent pràctica d'art-investigació. Els resultats reeixits han sigut, d'una banda situar El Orador [L'Orador] en el seu marc temporal superant la seua visió anecdòtica i revaloritzant-la. La presumpció del paper històric de El Orador [L'Orador] ha confirmat ser positiva, demostrant ser una fita del seu temps i del nostre. El treball ha permés interpretar la nova oralitat en l'art contemporani des de les característiques humorístiques que va prefigurar l'escriptor, abordant l'actual escena performativa. Finalment, la realització de la película experimental R. ha suposat un diàleg entre temps cinematogràfics diferents i una proposta de creació híbrida inspirada per la mateixa llibertat de Ramón. Les claus crítiques i estètiques que es troben en la película permeten observar-la hui com un model exemplar de posicionament polític, intelectual i artístic. / [EN] This thesis explores the pioneering short film of Spanish spoken cinema, El Orador (1928), by Ramón Gómez de la Serna, in the context of the nascent international sound cinema industry through producer Feliciano Manuel Vitores and Hispano Forest Fonofilms. The enigmas surrounding this "unknown" work of art led to a study of every detail about the film, and its resonance with the present. The thesis involved an analysis of the filmic discourse, reviewing the environmental factors surrounding the text, its context and subsequent performance; studying the piece through the author’s literary works and through its socio-political, technological and filmographical ties to Spain in the 1920s. This paper sets the genealogy of the performative conference in Spain in 1928, showing El Orador as the first ever film performance documented in our country. The thesis begins its journey with El Orador through the present day, drawing an intermittent timeline that spans almost a hundred years, crafting a typological mosaic of “oral species” that, in the words of Miguel Molina, continues the legacy of the conference as an artistic genre. This study verifies the heritage and endurance of the ramonian meta-oratory among avant-garde performing artists from the 1950s onward. The thesis is structured in five chapters. The first describes geneal aspects of the author related to his short film and biography. The second focuses on the film’s script, compiling ramonian essays with a similar aesthetic, as well as Ramon’s own trajectory as a lecturer, including a study of the novel Cinelandia and other scenarios he planned. The third chapter covers the creation of the film and its history within the paleosonic film industry and its connection with other short films by F. M Vitores for Cinefón. The four chapter narrates the film’s presentation as performance and its resonance in the current performing arts and a collage of contemporary oral artists. The last chapter details project R. five studies of short film feature by the author. The annexes contain several compilations, on the one hand a selection from the Archive Vitores, and on the other Ramon’s writing about film, images of Ramón's manuscripts, brought together for the first time. The type of research has been mixed: factual, comparative and pursuing links, meaning the initial hypotheses has been confirmed through new data uncovered, and a personal creative proposal has been configured from the main material and applying the practical current movement of art-research. The results achieved include, first and foremost, setting El Orador in its proper place in time, going beyond its anecdotal role and reclaiming its true importance. The assumption of El Orador’s historic contribution has proven to be correct, revealing it as a milestone piece of its time and ours. The study allowed an interpretation of the new oral trend in contemporary art from the use of humor so characteristic of the writer. Finally, the experimental film R. allowed a dialogue between different film eras and a proposal of a type of hybrid creation inspired by Ramon’s own freedom. The key critical and aesthetic points found in the film allow us to view it as an exemplary model in its political, intellectual and creative positioning. / Grueso Hierro, A. (2021). El film El Orador (1928) de Ramón Gómez de la Serna: texto, contexto y performance del discurso. Proyecto de cine ensayo R.(1928-2018) [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/171483

Testing the Seams of the American Dream: Minority Literature and Film in the Early Cold War delineates the concept of the liberal tolerance agenda in early Cold War. The liberal tolerance message of the U.S. government, the Democratic Party, and others endorsed racial tolerance and envisioned the possibility of a future free from racism and inequality. Filmmakers in often disseminated a liberal message similar to that of the politicians in the form of “race problem” films. My shows how these films and the liberal tolerance agenda as a whole promises racial equality to the racial minority in exchange for hard work, patriotism, education, and a belief in the majority culture. My first chapter, “Washing White the Racial Subject: Hollywood’s First Black Problem Film,” performs a close reading of Arthur Laurents 1946 play Home of the Brave, which features a Jewish American protagonist, in conjunction with a reading of the 1949 film version, which has an African American protagonist. The differences between the two texts reveal the slippages in the liberal tolerance agenda and signal the inability of filmmakers to envision racial equality on the big screen. “The American Institution and the Racial Subject,” my second chapter, discusses the 1949 film Pinky as well as Américo Paredes’s George Washington Gómez and Monica Sone’s Nisei Daughter. All of these works suggests that the attainment of education promises entry into the mainstream by racial minorities, yet Paredes and Sone question this process by interpreting it as resulting in the dual segregation of their protagonists. My third chapter, “Earning and Cultural Capital: The Work that Determines Place,” looks at the promise that with hard work anyone can attain the American Dream. I show how the 1951 film Go for Broke!, Ann Petry’s The Street, and José Antonio Villarreal’s Pocho work to dispel this American myth. My final chapter, “The Regrets of Dissent: Blacklists and the Race Question,” examines the 1954 film Salt of the Earth alongside Chester Himes’s If He Hollers Let Him Go and John Okada’s No-No Boy to reveal the dangerous mixture of race and dissent in this era. / text