The current study aims to contribute to Corporate Governance CG and Risk Management RM literature by providing empirical evidence of the relationship between the three construct: CG, RM and Bank Performance BP within the GCC banking sector. Furthermore, the Islamic data and conventional data have been separated to investigate the association between CG, RM and BP. To do so, 90 active banks (30 Islamic – 60 conventional) banks have been selected as a sample for ten years period from (2003 – 2012), and subsequently used the regression analysis (Ordinary Least Square OLS) for the four selected models as follows; Regarding the empirical results of Model (1) which investigate the relationship between CG’s variables and BP measured by ROE and ROA for all banks’ data; Islamic data and conventional data, the result indicate that the board size, gender diversity, role duality and audit committee are insignificantly associated with bank performance measured by ROE in all types of banks. In addition, in Islamic banks the Non-Executive Board Member NEBM and credit and investment committee are negatively and significantly associated with ROE, however, this association is insignificant in conventional banks. The capital ratio is positively and significantly associated with ROA in all types of banks. Furthermore, the gender diversity is insignificantly associated with bank performance measured by ROA in both Islamic and conventional banks. Interestingly, bank size is significant and positive with bank performance measured by both of ROE and ROA in all types of banks. Model (2) investigates the relationship between RM’s variables and BP measured by ROE and ROA for all banks’ data; Islamic data and conventional data. The results indicate that capital risk and liquidity risk are insignificant with BP measured by ROE in all types of banks. The association between non-performing loan and credit risk with ROE are insignificant in Islamic banks, however, this association is significant and negative in conventional banks. Interestingly, the capital adequacy ratio is positively and significantly associated with ROE and ROA in all types of banks. Furthermore, as per Model (3) which investigate the relationship between both of CG and RM’s variables and BP measured by ROE and ROA for all banks’ data; Islamic data and conventional data, it can be concluded that the NEBM is significantly and negatively associated with BP measured by ROE and ROA in all types of banks. In this model, it was noted that some variables are insignificantly associated with bank performance in both Islamic and conventional banks, those variables are gender diversity, role duality, Loan to Deposit Ratio LDR, NPL, credit risk, capital risk and liquidity risk. In Model (4) which investigate the relationship between CG and RM measured by NPL for all banks’ data; Islamic data and conventional data. It can be concluded that NEBM and CEO-turnover are insignificant with NPL in all types of banks. Furthermore, board size, Role duality, LDR and Risk committee are negatively and significantly associated with NPL in conventional banks, however, they are insignificant in Islamic banks. The gender diversity in all types of banks is negative and significantly associated with NPL. In addition to the above, the current study provides evidence that the determinants of bank performance in the GCC banking sector vary among the different independent variables. No single variable could explain the bank performance, this conclusion highlights that there is a need for additional analysis of the three constructs in different periods.

The main purpose of the master thesis is to determine the role of corporate governance in solving the economic and financial crises. This is done through explanations of events that led to the current form of Corporate Governance in developed countries. Corporate Governance is defined as the set of rules governing the relationship between owners and managers. The thesis present the basic model of the relationship management, which allows to evaluate the form of Corporate Governance in selected countries. At the same time clarifies the causes of economic crises since the 90s of the 20th century to the present from the perspective of Corporate Governance.

The world is facing a 'perfect storm' of socio-ecological crises: adverse climate change, natural resource depletion, water conflict, to name but a few. With many of these future pressures looming, it is essential to learn how to shift from traditional command-and-control strategies to more adaptive ones. Adaptive governance is an approach from institutional theory that combines ecological systems theory, natural resource management and the study of self-governing institutions to manage common pool resources. The Dark Peak of the Peak District National Park is one of the UK’s largest carbon stores, fraught with a history of frequent change in policies and land management activities, conflicting knowledges and interests, convoluted property rights regimes, and carbon emissions. The recent development of a carbon agenda made it an excellent example to explore how this restructures the Dark Peak social network, how its key stakeholders adopt and respond to it, and finally how an adaptive framework can facilitate in mitigating carbon emissions. This thesis offers the first analysis of the Dark Peak’s social network managing for a carbon agenda, and also provides a critical reflection on the possibilities and limitations of using an adaptive framework in this particular context. This has been achieved by combining social network analysis, with stakeholder mapping, observation, and semi-structured interviews to identify the key stakeholders steering the Dark Peak’s carbon agenda.

Corporate governance (CG) has recently received much attention because of the wave of financial scandals in the early 2000s and the more recent global financial crisis. CG reforms, including laws, codes and listing rules have been established to protect shareholders’ rights and restore investors’ confidence in the capital market. These reforms have largely contributed to the evolution of internal and external governance mechanisms that are aimed at mitigating agency conflicts between managers and shareholders. However, overemphasis has been placed on the monitoring and control dimensions of governance, which may hinder entrepreneurial activities, obscure business prosperity and contribute to a narrow perspective on CG. It has been argued that there is a need to broaden CG beyond compliance (conformance) to a set of rules and laws, to include the performance aspects of governance that focus on strategy and value creation. In other words, governance should not only focus on monitoring managerial performance to ensure accountability to shareholders, but also on mechanisms that motivate management to optimise shareholders’ wealth. Enterprise governance (EG) framework has been introduced to keep the balance between the conformance and performance dimensions of governance. However, few studies address the possible tension between conformance and performance. Moreover, there is no agreement among these studies on the relationship between conformance and performance in the governance context. Arguably, Value-based Management (VBM) is an appropriate approach to address the issue of EG. VBM adopts value creation as an overall objective, develops a strategy that contributes to value creation and integrates it into decision-making. In this way, VBM can act as an effective mechanism for motivating management to maximise shareholder wealth, which works in parallel with other CG mechanisms, to mitigate agency conflicts resulting from the separation between ownership and management. This study aims to develop a contingency framework of EG through operationalising the conformance using CG and performance using corporate entrepreneurship (CE). This framework examines the inter-relationships between VBM, compliance with the Combined Code on Corporate Governance (CCCG), CE and the ultimate effect on organisational performance. More specifically, the study empirically examines the effect of compliance with the CCCG on CE, and whether VBM can achieve a balance between compliance with the CCCG and CE, should a conflict exist. The study also examines whether a fit between contingency variables (company size, agency conflicts, uncertainty, strategy and decentralisation), VBM, compliance with the CCCG codes and CE is associated with organisational performance. To achieve the aim of this study a cross-sectional survey, based on a questionnaire, is conducted to identify the level of VBM implementation, contextual and organisational factors in the large and medium quoted companies in the UK. The questionnaire targets the Chief Financial Officers (CFOs) in these companies as key informants. In addition, a content analysis of the annual reports of the sampled companies is undertaken to measure the level of compliance with the CCCG. Financial data (e.g. organisational performance) have been obtained from the DataStream, Fame and Thomson One Banker databases. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) is adopted for data analysis and hypotheses testing. The results suggest that VBM implementation is positively associated with agency conflicts, low cost strategies and decentralisation. Compliance with the CCCG is positively associated with agency conflicts and company size. CE is positively associated with company size, uncertainty and differentiation strategies. In addition, the fit between compliance with the CCCG and contingency factors significantly predicts the marketbased performance. The fit between CE and the contingency factors significantly predict the perceived performance. However, the results regarding the effect of VBM on organisational performance are mixed. While VBM has no significant direct effect on the market-based performance, VBM has indirect positive effect on the market-based performance acting through compliance with the CCCG as an intervening variable. VBM is significantly associated with compliance with the CCCG but not with CE. No evidence is found for negative association between compliance with the CCCG and CE. The results support a large number of the proposed relationships between the contingency factors, VBM, compliance with the CCCG and CE. The results also suggest that using both compliance with the CCCG and CE as intervening variables in the relationship between VBM and organisational performance contributes to explaining the mixed results in the VBM literature. In terms of the EG framework, VBM does not keep a balance between conformance and performance. VBM emphasises the compliance with the CCCG (conformance) at the expense of CE (performance). The results did not provide significant evidence of a conflict between compliance with the CCCG and CE, the area which lacks empirical evidence. This study contributes to the literature at different levels. At the theoretical level, this study develops a theoretical model that links a performance management system (PMS), i.e. VBM, to CG practices and CE. This model attempts to bridge the gap between different disciplines, including management accounting, CG and entrepreneurship. Furthermore, combining both the contingency theory and the agency theory lenses contributes to the development of a comprehensive model of EG. At the methodological level, unlike previous studies, this study measures VBM practices on a continuum, rather than categories. Multiple data collection methods are used, and a powerful statistical technique (PLS-SEM) is adopted for data analysis. At the empirical level, the study is conducted in the UK. Though it is different from the US in many aspects, very few studies have been conducted in this context in many research areas such as VBM, CG and CE.

Tato doktorská disertační práce zabývající se vztahem mezi interním auditem a risk managementem organizace z pohledu interního auditu, včetně níže prezentovaného výzkumu, si klade za cíl: ? identifikovat požadavky na vzájemné vztahy mezi interním auditem a risk managementem uvnitř různých typů organizací ? identifikovat současnou praxi uplatňování interního auditu v různých typech organizací ve středoevropském regionu ve vztahu k nastavenému risk managementu ? srovnat a zdůraznit rozdíly mezi požadavky a současnou praxí ? vytvořit (v souladu s výše uvedeným) koncepční a terminologický rámec pro měření výkonnosti systému risk managementu v organizaci K naplnění tohoto cíle posloužila shromážděná empirická data získaná dotazníkovou metodou a zpracovaná na základě retrospektivní a průběžné rešerše literatury prováděné v předchozích dvou letech, analýza výsledků a následná syntéza poznatků z definovaných zdrojů.

Universiẗat, Diss., 2006--Köln.

Ill.; Univ. of Illinois, Diss.--Urbana-Champaign, 2003. / Kopie, ersch. im Verl. UMI, Ann Arbor, Mich.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Cornell University, 2006. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 163-168).

Submitted by Elba Lopes (elba.lopes@fecap.br) on 2017-02-21T18:15:13Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Marta de Lourdes Ferreira.pdf: 817960 bytes, checksum: 5f8f3c6ec1cafbcfa437bc07bd284572 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-21T18:15:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Marta de Lourdes Ferreira.pdf: 817960 bytes, checksum: 5f8f3c6ec1cafbcfa437bc07bd284572 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-06 / The main objective of this research was to raise and present isomorphism’s evidences in Operational Risk Management (ORM) of Financial Institutions (FIs) operating in Brazil. As specific objectives, to identify convergences and evaluate why they occur. It was made a qualitative and descriptive study of the historical development of ORM in FIs, regulations and similar works. It was carried out content analysis of "Pillar 3" Reports from ten IFs (75% of total assets) that acted in Brazil between 2013 and 2015. It was used descriptive categorizations of situations/events based on the theoretical framework, classified as performance evidence. It was found the presence of 100% of categories from coercive mechanism, 78% from the normative and 70% from the mimetic, proving the simultaneous performance of the mechanisms. The main categories for mechanism and disclosure index were: a) Coercive: related to legal compliance (100%); other risk management beyond the mandatory (89%); Business Continuity Plan (78%), a model of the three defense lines (56%), and prioritization of risks (56%). b) normative: committee responsibilities, executive officers and alike (100%); training in operational risk (78%), and dissemination of the risk culture (67%). c) mimetic: the use of technology in ORM (100%) and in loss databases (78%); the standardization of procedures between headquarters and branches (78%), as well as the use of indicators (78%). As a convergence point, there is a search for improvement of the ORM, and the compliance with requested criteria for approval of internal models to calculate capital requirements. The homogenization of the ORM was due to the legal demands, and its beneficial effects positively change the environment. The public disclosure of principles, the best practices and "Pillar 3" Reports allow other companies to use the main information and implement their own ORM structures. As future researches, we suggest the evolution of operational losses and evidence of the ORM performance; the current development stage of internal models; the profile analysis of people hired in the area, from the perspective of normative isomorphism; the technologies used in the ORM to identify mimetic isomorphism; the categories update of each mechanism, including technology area characteristics and human resources; as well as the research replication for companies subject to specific regulations, such as SOX and capital markets. / O objetivo principal da pesquisa é levantar e apresentar evidências do isomorfismo na Gestão de Riscos Operacionais (GRO) de Instituições Financeiras (IFs) que operam no Brasil. O objetivo específico é identificar pontos de convergência e avaliar porque ocorrem. Realizada pesquisa qualitativa e descritiva da evolução histórica da GRO em IFs, regulamentações e trabalhos semelhantes. Efetuada análise de conteúdo do Relatório “Pilar 3” de dez IFs (75% do total de ativos) que atuaram no Brasil entre 2013 e 2015. Utilizadas categorizações descritivas de situações/eventos conforme referencial teórico, classificáveis como evidências de atuação. Constatou-se a presença de 100% das categorias do mecanismo coercitivo, 78% do normativo e 70% do mimético, comprovando a atuação simultânea dos mecanismos. Principais categorias por mecanismo e índices de evidenciação: a) coercitivo: relacionadas ao atendimento legal (100%); gestão de outros riscos além dos obrigatórios (89%); Plano de Continuidade de Negócios (78%), Modelo das Três Linhas de Defesa (56%) e priorização de riscos (56%). b) normativo: responsabilidades de comitês, diretores e assemelhados (100%); treinamento em risco operacional (78%) e disseminação da cultura de risco (67%). c) mimético: uso de tecnologias na GRO (100%) e em bancos de dados de perdas (78%); padronização de procedimentos entre matriz e filiais (78%) e o uso de indicadores (78%). Como ponto de convergência, vê-se a busca pelo aperfeiçoamento da GRO e o atendimento aos requisitos necessários para aprovação de modelos internos para cálculo de requerimentos de capital. A homogeneização da GRO ocorreu em função das demandas legais e seus efeitos benéficos alteram positivamente o ambiente. A divulgação pública de princípios, melhores práticas e relatórios “Pilar 3” permite que outras organizações usem as informações como base e implantem suas próprias estruturas de GRO. Sugestões de pesquisa: evolução de perdas operacionais e com evidências de atuação da GRO; estágio atual de desenvolvimento dos modelos internos; análise do perfil dos profissionais contratados na área, sob a ótica do isomorfismo normativo; tecnologias usadas na GRO buscando evidências do isomorfismo mimético; e replicação da pesquisa para organizações sujeitas a regulamentações específicas como SOX e mercado de capitais.

nÃo hà / A GovernanÃa Aplicada ao Setor PÃblico surgiu da necessidade dos ÃrgÃos governamentais passarem de instituiÃÃes puramente burocrÃticas para institutos com gestÃo voltada aos resultados. Buscando esta transformaÃÃo, o setor pÃblico adotou os princÃpios de GovernanÃa Corporativa adaptando-os Ãs particularidades da GestÃo PÃblica. As universidades federais inseridas na esfera pÃblica possuem como finalidade, ligadas ao tripà ensino, pesquisa e extensÃo, formar cidadÃos conscientes e com alta qualificaÃÃo profissional. O objetivo desta pesquisa Ã, nesse contexto, investigar o nÃvel de aderÃncia das universidades federaisbrasileiras Ãs prÃticas de governanÃa pÃblica recomendadas pela IFAC para as dimensÃes âEstrutura e Processos Organizacionaisâ e âControleâ. Esta pesquisa pode ser definida como descritiva e exploratÃria, tendo como procedimentos metodolÃgicos a pesquisa bibliogrÃfica e documental. Para a coleta de dados, foi realizada anÃlise documental seguida de anÃlise de conteÃdo, utilizando-se como fonte documentos institucionais das 59 universidades federais brasileiras, universo da pesquisa de abordagem censitÃria. Para o alcance dos objetivos, foi elaborado roteiro de anÃlise com base nas recomendaÃÃes de boas prÃticas da IFAC para as dimensÃes ÂEstrutura e Processos Organizacionaisâ e âControleâ, sendo adaptadas Ãs universidades federais. Foram analisados estatuto, regimento geral, relatÃrio de gestÃo e orÃamento de 48 universidades federais. Os resultados permitiram concluir que o nÃvel de aderÃncia das universidades federais brasileiras Ãs prÃticas de governanÃa recomendas pela IFAC à de cerca de 49% do total de 77 recomendaÃÃes analisadas. / The Governance Applied to the Public Sector started from the need of government agencies move from purely bureaucratic institutions to institutions with management focused on results. Searching this transformation the public sector has adopted the principles of Corporate Governance adapting the particularities of public management. The Federal Universities inserted in the public sphere, have as purpose, connected to the tripod teaching, research and extension, forming conscious and highly qualified professional people. The purpose of this research is to investigate the level of adherence from the Brazilian Federal Universities to the practices of Brazilian public governance recommended by IFAC for the Dimensions "Organizational Structure and Processes" and "Control". This research can be defined as descriptive and exploratory with a bibliographic and documentary research as methodological approach. To collect data, a documentary analysis was performed followed by content analysis using as source, institutional documents from 59 Brazilian federal universities which was the research universe of census approach. In order to achieve the main purpose, an analysis script was prepared based on the best practice recommendations from IFAC for Dimensions "Organizational Structure and Processes" and "Control", being adapted to the Federal Universities in Brazil. Laws, bylaws, management and budget report from the 48 Federal Universities were analyzed. The results allowed concluding that the level of adherence from Brazilian Federal Universities to the Brazilian governance practices ecommend by IFAC is about 49% of the total of 77 recommendations analyzed