O regulador de velocidade tem a função principal de atuar no sentido de aumentar ou diminuir a potência gerada pela turbina quando a velocidade ou freqüência se afasta do valor de referência. Em função da demanda do sistema, o sistema regulador da turbina atua sobre a posição das pás do distribuidor controlando a abertura e conseqüentemente a vazão que chega ao rotor, gerando apenas a energia elétrica necessária para o consumo. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo desenvolver um método para diagnosticar falhas em reguladores de velocidade de turbinas hidráulicas. Baseando-se nas ferramentas de confiabilidade selecionou-se os componentes críticos do sistema para elaborar políticas de manutenção que visam obter maior disponibilidade do sistema. Este trabalho apresenta uma metodologia com as seqüências das atividades que permitem fazer uma análise detalhada e confiável, pois são utilizadas numa ordem lógica e organizada, de forma que o método seja desenvolvido corretamente. A metodologia proposta utiliza as ferramentas de análise de confiabilidade como: Análise de Modos e Efeitos de Falha (FMEA) e Análise de Árvore de Falhas (FTA). O FMEA parte da definição das funções dos sistemas e subsistemas analisados, verificando em seguida as falhas que afetam cada função e todos os modos de falha que levam a cada falha. O FTA é basicamente um método dedutivo que visa identificar as causas ou combinações de causas que possam levar ao evento topo definido. / The speed governing system has the primary function of acting to increase or decrease the power generated by the turbine when the speed or frequency deviation from reference value. According to the system demand, the speed governing system turbine operates on the position of the blades of the distributor controlling the opening and therefore the flow that reaches the rotor, generating only the power required for consumption. This work aims at to develop a method to diagnose faults in speed governing system of hydraulic turbines. The tools of reliability selected critical components of the system to develop policies aimed at keeping achieve greater system availability. This work presents a methodology with a sequence of activities allowing one to make a detailed and reliable analysis, because they are used in a logical order and organized so that the model is developed properly. The proposed methodology uses tools such as reliability analysis: Analysis of Failure Modes and Effects (FMEA) and Fault Tree Analysis (FTA). The FMEA part of the definition of the functions of systems and subsystems analyzed, then verifying that the flaws affect every function and all modes of failure that led to each failure. The FTA is basically a deductive method that aims at identifying the causes of combinations of causes that could lead to top event defined.

Drawing upon two forms of qualitative data—interviews with trustees and national trade association publication archival documents—and employing an abductive theory building strategy based on my analysis of higher education governance in the present day and historically, I perform an organizational etiology of U.S. higher education governing boards and governance. Studying governance in higher education lends itself to theory building, as governance lacks a strong basis of comparability, distinguishable from firm-based or other non-profit enterprise governance. Further, while governing boards are principal parties of authority, the shared governance framework almost universally privileges participation by a host of stakeholder parties. Further, the targets of governance, colleges and universities, are comparatively complex and ambiguous in terms of goals, priorities, purposes, products, and strategic interests, as well as in terms of operational, professional, hierarchical, and financial models of sustainability and advancement. I deconstruct governing boards, governance, and governing at several levels of consideration to find that explicit and ubiquitously understood organizational and work objectives and practices of governance conceal a state of organizing that necessitates considerable attention, deliberation, strategic action, and investment of resources by governing boards. It is the state of organizing itself that is a consummate and pervasive focus of attention and consideration. Governance and governing is an ongoing process or state of organizing characterized by a readiness to examine, address, and act upon boundaries of organization, profession, and work practices. As much as governing boards govern institutions, boards govern boundaries, and multiple kinds of boundaries at multiple levels of consideration at that. While boundary work implies work at the periphery, the boundary work of governance and governing boards is itself core to the organization and work performed. I dissect cognitive and practice-based dimensions of governing, ordering perceptions and explanations of the form of work being done by boards as professional organizations, and by tracing the broader culture and history of the field of governance, and show how boundaries and boundary work are a consuming strategic focus. Boards are enduring institutions with paradoxically unenduring boundaries. I find and describe how these boundaries share a set of traits and propensities indicative of a form of organizing without theoretical match or explanation: organizational amorphousness. I build the case for amorphousness throughout and, in the conclusion, explain how governing boards, the field of governance, and the work and practices of governing represent extreme cases of an evolved organizing predicated on dexterity and contingency. This form of organizing seemingly contradicts basic assumptions of organizing and begs the question as to what functions boards actually serve, as well as to what effect.

Thesis (MEd.) -- University of Limpopo, 2005 / This study is based on the research conducted in the Bakenberg District on the strategies and policies that the secondary schools employ to protect educators and learners from being harmed and attacked in school premises by thugs, dropouts or even learners present in school. The educators, learners and School Governing Bodies (SGB) were interviewed to capture the methods they applied in order to maintain safety in schools. The research also tried to capture the understanding of the stakeholders of the existing legislation about their safety in schools and the implementation thereof. It is imperative that the stakeholders should have the knowledge and the understanding of the relevant legislation and also acquire the skills to implement the legislations and policies. There is also a need for the School Governing Bodies to be trained on the legislation on conflict and resolution management. / University of Limpopo

Local tax legislation means that the local government designates its own local tax category, prescribes its own tax, and executes the tax assessment rights. Local taxation independence has great impact on the finance and development of the local government and has become a prevailing international trend of thought in recent years. In Taiwan, local governments commonly face the problem of tax assessment shortage due to general economic slowdown in the past few years. Increase of government spend worsens the finance of various levels of local governments. The fact that the local governments in Taiwan are spending more money than what they take in causes the annually increased deficit budget. In addition, the merge and upgrade of five cities this year will definitely cause expelling effect on the income of local governments. Therefore, the tasks of increasing revenue and cutting spending should not be further delayed by the local governments. Local government financial independence is one of the crucial factors ensuring local autonomy business publicity. Therefore, the study of legal causes and reforms of local government tax income shortage, especially the study of local tax legislation that directly affecting tax assessment, is an important issue for safeguarding local government financial independence and local autonomy. This study is a detailed analysis of issues based on local government legislative precedents and literature reviews. Using the information collected, this study analyzes the differences and similarities of practical and academic views, conducts in-depth interviews of experts in this field, and thereafter presents conclusions and proposals. The soundness of local tax legislation can not be achieved without the maturity of democratic concepts, local autonomy consciousness, time and environment. Expanding tax sources can be done in two ways at the same time. First, nationwide local tax shall meet the principles of sufficiency and stability of taxation. Specifically, an overall review on the current local tax system should be conducte, including the revocation of unreasonable tax reduction and increase of publicly announced land prices. By doing so, we can meet the finance demands from local governments. Second, local government can create new taxes that meet the principle of equity, neutrality, and benefit-receive. Specifically, local government can impose taxes with designated purposes of use, establishing the link between people¡¦s interests and burdens and meeting the special demand of local government finance. Combining these two ways shall solve the problem of insufficient tax assessment.

The objective of this paper is to discuss the financial status of Kaohsiung city after the impact of the Governing Allocation of Revenues and Expenditures Act and the merge of Kaohsiung city and county. After Kaohsiung city-county consolidation to elevate status on December 25, 2010, the new government, by the law, needs to accept the obligations and responsibilities of Kaohsiung County in addition to the original outstanding debts of two governments. It is therefore interesting to ask if the restructuring of administrative regions policy leads to the budget deficit of the new government too large. To this end, we test whether the Kaohsiung fiscal deficits are too large to be sustaintable over the period 1987-2010. Our empirical results have shown that, at the present system of laws, the fiscal deficits of the Kaohsiung city-county consolidation are satisfied since they are stationary.

The Cross-Strait between Taiwan Area and Mainland Area has been ruled separately for over five decades since 1949 after losing the Chinese mainland as a result of the Chinese Civil War (1947), the ROC government under the Kuomingtang (KMT) relocated to Taiwan. After long time of separated ruling of Cross-Strait, there are major differences in political system, government decision, legal system and style of social society. And also the end of martial law was declared by the government in July 15 of 1987. In the same year of November 2, it was also allowed visits to relatives on the mainland. In 1992, the government allowed Chinese spouses to settle down in Taiwan. And Taiwan has implemented the enforcement rules for the Act Governing relations between peoples of the Taiwan area and the Mainland area and its articles which will be the legal base among the people of Taiwan and mainland China for their social interactions. Prior to Taiwan government allowing its nationals to travel to China, people of China area have been smuggling to Taiwan to work and prostitute for a long time. Early, people of China area who smuggled to Taiwan working and prostitution were arranged by ¡§snakeheads¡¨ or people smugglers, using the fishing boats by sea route to enter Taiwan, then prostituted agency or middle man will control and arrange them to do work and prostitute. Because of the high risk that is involved in smuggling, Chinese nationals seem to favor other means of entering the country. Since the government opened private exchanges between the two sides of Taiwan Strait, based on the ¡§Regulations for Permitting the Spouse Residency; Long Duration of Stay, and Permanent Residence of Mainland People in the Taiwan Area¡¨, the spouse who is from Mainland Area applying for family reunion or family visit is quite easy to get a permit, that provides a great opportunity for the snakeheads. The snakeheads and people smugglers are using the legal reason to help the People of Mainland Area entering Taiwan Area illegally. It also creates corrupted police problems and affects seriously on the public security and safety of the Country. This study aims to discuss how to prevent and regulate Chinese citizens trying to enter Taiwan with fake marriage.The research approach of the study is while Chinese citizen of faked marriage in Taiwan, Chinese female who has disregarding the regulations of the relations of Cross-Strait and performing or working the non-permitted criminal activities. Using the police agency prevent and regulate the Chinese citizens of faked marriage to come to Taiwan as an issue boundary. The research purpose: Reviewing since 1990 the Cross-Strait marriage has begun, under established the legal system of the governing law and governing structures, the current situation of prevention and regulation of legal system for the problem of faked marriage of Chinese citizens, truly understating the practical structure of prevention and regulation system. Making sure we have fully understood the current situation of prevention and regulation system and concerning the thoughts of governing management and those directly involved party to discover the existed issues of related legal structures, andmaking legislation to regulate and solve the problems of Chinese citizens getting faked marriage to enter to Taiwan. Also using the structure of the Governing law with 5 major points¡V Theory, Organization, Authority, Relief and Supervisor, we expect to establish a completed legal system of prevention and regulation focusing on ¡§People of Mainland Area fake-marriage to enter to Taiwan problem¡¨.

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 47-06, page: 3502. Adviser: James Langabeer II. Includes bibliographical references.

The purpose of this study is to highlight the second home sector in Sweden and Denmark, in a comparative study of regulations for the second home market, and residence requirement. Two attractive second home island destinations is being compared in Ven, Landskrona and Gudhjem, Bornholm. The study addresses issues such as the local effects of a regulation of the second home market get at a local level, and the effects generated by deregulation, as well as local people's opinions about second home regulation in a popular second home area in southern Sweden.  This has been examined using a mix between qualitative method and quantitative methods, and the study is based on six semi-structured interviews from informants from Ven, Bornholm, and Gudhjem which has been analyzed throughout a thematic analysis. In addition to the interviews, diagrams from the Central Bureau of Statistics of Sweden and Statistics Denmark, and various real estate websites, and a field observation from Ven and Gudhjem will be presented. The result shows that show that the discussion on residence requirement has been going on for a long time in Sweden and Ven, but the local organizations found more disadvantages than advantages and are now looking in to other solutions, while other locals believes that there are more advantages with a residence requirement. In Denmark it’s revealed that there is recently started discussion between municipal decision-makers and local organizations about the regulations, and if it should be abolished or not. It turns out that the directions of the local effects being positive or negative depends a lot on the resort's contemporary expertise in local organizations, the population basis and to what extent the resort attracts people to stay there permanently for a living. The results also implies that some regulations in Denmark will not be deregulated, while it is still an active political discussion in Denmark.

Magistro darbe analizuojamos UAB „Mobilios sistemos“ valdymo efektyvumo gerinimo galimybės siekiant padidinti įmonės konkurencingumą. Nagrinėjami valdymo efektyvumo tobulinimo teoriniai sprendimai. Analizuojama išorinė ir vidinė šakos aplinka, apžvelgiamos šakos dalyvių galimybės. Atlikta valdymo analizė ir išskirtos jos vystymo kryptys, atliekamas jų įvertinimas. Tyrimo būdu nustatytas valdymo pokyčių būtinumas atskiriems įmonės padaliniams. Rekomenduojami centralizuoto valdymo tobulinimo būdai. Kad valdymas būtų geresnis ir efektyvesnis, siūloma įdiegti informacinę sistemą, susiejančią gedimų šalinimo veiklą, kurti įmonės centralizuotą tiekimą. / Master's work analyses JCS "Mobile Systems" improvement of governing efficiency to increase competitiveness, theoretical solutions. The work also analyses the inner and outer environment of the branch and the possibilities of members. The research declares the readiness of the enterprise for governing changes. The paper states the possibilities for development, recommends the reforms to improve the governing. The paper defines the necessity of governing changes to branches. It also shows the ways to centralized governing perfection. For this it is important to install information systems, connecting them with a fixing activity and introduce centralized provision to the enterprise.

The intention with this research was to investigate the challenges facing School Governing Bodies (SGBs) in historically disadvantaged schools with regard to their roles and responsibilities. The investigation departed from the premise of prescriptions of the South African Schools Act and other relevant legislation. From the literature review, it became clear that school governance would not be an easy task for schools, based on the precedence set by the apartheid school governance system. Indeed, it was found that SGBs in previously disadvantaged schools experienced numerous challenges. Decentralisation, stakeholder participation in school governance, SGB membership, determination of school policies requiring specialised knowledge and expertise, and policy-making and implementation were found to encapsulate most of the challenges facing SGBs in their roles and responsibilities. This research, being qualitative and phenomenological, used interviews to focus on some definitive school governance roles and responsibilities. Findings largely confirmed earlier research findings and included challenges such as a poor understanding of the school governance role of promoting the best interests of the school by school governors, the execution of roles and responsibilities being inhibited by poor training and poor capacity building, parent governors lacking knowledge and school governance skills, school governance functions requiring specialised knowledge and skills, a lack of trust, and the influence of suspicion and poor teamwork among school governors. The main recommendation relates to the review of the Schools Act in terms of specialised functions and who should perform them, and increasing the terms of office of school governors to derive maximum benefit from continuity before new members are elected and another cycle of capacity-building is needed. It is further recommended that the roles and responsibilities of school governors be well explained to stakeholders, even before nominations and elections are conducted, so that potential governors know exactly what is expected, and that continuous capacity-building becomes a regular feature at school level, including a school cluster-based programme addressing local school governance challenges. / Thesis (M.Ed.)--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2009.