Zugl.: Diss. phil. hist. Bern, [1980]. / Mit Zusfassung.

Inom skogsbruket finns det många användbara verktyg och maskiner som underlättar arbetet och har genom produktutveckling ersatt det allra tyngsta arbetena från människokraft till maskinkraft. När det kommer till maskiner som använder gripverktyg så finns det en rad olika verktyg för olika ändamål. De verktygen som specificerar sig på en situation och de verktyg som är universala och ska fungera att använda i olika sammanhang och kunna lösa mer än ett problem. Det sätter även stora krav på de maskiner som ska använda griparna då det måste anpassa sig till verktygets vikt och mått.För att ta fram en universalgrip så kommer det att undersökas hur de övriga produkterna i serien ser ut. Det kommer att tas fram ett CAD-underlag och göra digitala beräkningar på finita elementmetoden och optimering av material. För att kontrollera detta kommer det att beräknas för hand och se så att de digitala resultaten kan anses som trovärdiga. Syftet med detta arbete är att stödja en efterfrågan och utvidga sortimentet på universalgripar med sju klor i en befintlig serie. Det krävs en anpassning till de andra produkterna i samma serie och att uppnå de förväntningar som efterfrågan har skapat. En lyckad framtagning av en universalgrip leder till ett bredare gripprogram vilket i sin tur bör leda till en ökad försäljning. Målet med arbetet är att ta fram ett lösningsförslag med ett ritningsunderlag på en universalgrip som passar in i en redan befintlig serie och uppfyller de kraven. Resultatet är en universalgrip med modellnamnet GX45-50 som uppfyller kraven på vikten, griparean och gripklornas klämkraft. Gripen matchar de andra i serien och är gjord av det slitstarka materialet Hardox stål 400. / Within forestry there are many useful tools and machines to facilitate the work and have through product development replaced the heaviest tasks from human power to machine power. When it comes to machines using gripping tools there are a number of different tools for different purposes. The tools which are situation specified and the universal ones which shall work in several contexts and be able to solve more than one problem. That also set requirements on the machines that are going to use the grabs since they have to adjust to the weight and measures of reality.To develop a universal grab the looks of the other products in the serie will be examined. A CAD-basis will be brought out and digital calculations based on the finite element method and increase of material will be made. To control this it will also be calculated manually ensuring the digital results can be considered reliable.The aim of this master thesis is to support a request and expand the assortment of universal grabs with seven claws in a current serie. An adjustment is required to the other products in the identical serie and to achieve the expectations the request has generated. A succeeded production of a universal grab leads to a broader grabprogram and in turn, increased sales. The ambition of the paper is to produce a suggestion of a solution with a skiss basis of a universal grab that fits in an already existent serie that accomplishes the necessities. The result is a universal grab with the model name GX45-50 which lives up to the weight requirements, gripping area and the clamping force of the gripping claws. The grab matches the rest in the serie and is made of the durable material Hardox steel 400.

Freie Univ., Diss.--Berlin, 2002. / Literaturverz. S. 406 - 442.

Doct. diss.--Department of Ancient Culture--Göteborg, 1992.

Teilw. zugl.: Würzburg, Univ., Diss., 2001 u.d.T.: Rüdiger, Michael: Nachbauten der Kapelle des Heiligen Grabes zu Jerusalem im Zeitalter von Gegenreformation und Barock.

Zugl. Lausanne, Universit́e, Diss., 2005.

Techn. Universiẗat, Diss., 2001--Berlin.

Bringing more agricultural land into production for biofuels and food crops will be necessary if we are to both fulfill our collective climate initiative goals and feed an increasing global population. The direct competition between land for food and land for biofuels has resulted in increased interest in identifying 'marginal lands' such that biofuels can be grown on land that does not threaten the food security of poor, rural communities. The term `marginal land' is also used by developing state governments to describe large swaths of land being leased to private or state-affiliated investors in what has been referred to by the international research community as the 'global land grab'. 'Marginal land', however, is defined and operationalized differently across users and anecdotal evidence shows that some lands classified as marginal are actually used by local communities. Empirical studies investigating these contested lands have not incorporated spatial information. The main objective of this thesis is to conduct a multi-scalar, spatially-explicit exploration of the marginal lands narrative. The first chapter investigates the ontology of the marginal land label as it is applied on a global/regional scale using a meta-analysis of four recent studies. The second chapter triangulates national-level geospatial information with information from semi-structured interviews to examine marginal lands allocated to Ethiopia's federal land bank as contested spaces. The third chapter uses a statistical analysis to identify the socio-political and biophysical determinants of banked lands on a subnational scale in Benishangul-Gumuz, Ethiopia. Results show that methods using remotely sensed information to identify marginal lands on a global/regional scale are qualitatively and quantitatively divergent and are limited in their usefulness in identifying available land for biofuels. The Ethiopia case study finds that the federal government is banking 'marginal land' for future investment that is more appropriately understood as 'land unused for commercial agriculture' and that they are contested spaces where the federal government stands to incur multiple benefits through their transformation to large-scale agriculture. I also find both biophysical and socio-political factors (i.e. ethnicity, agricultural practices) guide the federal government's decision regarding which land to target in the subnational region of Benishangul-Gumuz.

In those work am intent on construction hydraulic grab, his two dipper, but largely supporting frame, that is of mostly effortful. Further am suggested and drew up hydraulic perimeter for operating dipper and rotation about perpendicular axes

Grab-bars and transfer poles are common sit-to-stand aids for older adults with mobility limitations. This study investigates differences in kinematics and kinetics in the lower limbs across different transfer pole configurations and positions. Configurations tested are a single pole, two poles and a pole with a horizontal grab-bar at near and far positions. Three-dimensional biomechanics were used to calculate kinetics and kinematics of the lower extremities. Forces were also recorded from the pole. This study found horizontal pole forces were an effective replacement for trunk generated horizontal momentum. Reduced vertical pole forces were applied by participants using the `far' poles which resulted in increases in non-dominant hip moments when using the single and double pole configurations. Horizontal pole use introduced non-dominant directed lateral COM trajectory throughout the movement. This coincided with increased horizontal forces in the dominant foot to balance moments about COM in the transverse plane as a motor control strategy.