The current understanding of contaminant migration in fractured sedimentary rock aquifers is inadequate due to the difficulty in describing the geologic and hydrogeologic controls on contaminant fate and transport with appropriate detail. To address contamination at fractured rock sites, multiple methods focusing on different aspects of the hydrologic system are required, and particular emphasis needs to be placed on the rock matrix. This thesis shows the further development and utility of the decade-old rock core VOC method (i.e. CORETM), a rock matrix method, when used in conjunction with multiple high resolution datasets as it applies to a 100 m thick highly productive dolostone aquifer in Guelph, Ontario. The research site and surrounding area, located in the northwestern quadrant of the municipality of Guelph, was a productive zone for water supply until the early 1990s when the two closest municipal supply wells (Sacco, Smallfield) were shut down (1991, 1993 respectively) due to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the groundwater. Trichloroethene (TCE), a VOC, was used as a degreaser at the Guelph site and likely entered the groundwater more than 20 years ago. The thin overburden, shallow water table, relatively constant dolostone mineralogy, proximity to the UW analytical laboratory, relatively simple plume composition showing minimal degradation, and local importance make this an excellent study site for TCE fate and migration in fractured sedimentary rocks. This thesis is composed of four chapters. Chapter 1 provides a brief background to the rock core VOC method and gives the conceptual framework for the investigation. Chapter 2 focuses on the further development of the rock core VOC method by providing the field validation of a recently adapted extraction method for VOCs in rock core using microwave assisted extraction (MAE), demonstrating the importance of rapid field preservation of samples, and comparing to the industry standard purge and trap method for VOCs on solid matrices. Results indicate that the microwave assisted extraction (MAE) method typically provides equivalent or higher concentrations when compared with the shake-flask and purge and trap extraction methods, indicating more complete extraction or less loss during transfer and/or storage. The purge and trap method provided false negatives (i.e. non-detects) due to inadequate preservation, incomplete extraction, and the elevated detection limit for TCE. The necessity for field preservation was examined by comparing crushed rock samples preserved in methanol in the field to samples unpreserved in the field with a laboratory addition of methanol less than 12 hours later. Chapter 3 creates high resolution porosity and bulk density logs by using selected geophysical logging tools in combination with core derived physical properties for the purpose of calculating porewater concentrations from total contaminant mass concentrations obtained from the rock core VOC method and sample specific rock properties relevant to the conversion. This is beneficial because total mass estimates obtained from the rock core VOC method are not necessarily indicative of the groundwater concentrations given the presence of solid organic carbon controlled sorption. Chapter 4 is a demonstration of the discrete fracture network approach (Parker 2007) applied to the Guelph field site with emphasis on the insights gained through high resolution contaminant profiles generated from cored holes in or near the source area and along a transect. Together, these four chapters present a framework for investigating VOC contamination in fractured sedimentary rocks and with emphasis on evaluating recent advances in the rock core VOC methodology in a field site context.

The current understanding of contaminant migration in fractured sedimentary rock aquifers is inadequate due to the difficulty in describing the geologic and hydrogeologic controls on contaminant fate and transport with appropriate detail. To address contamination at fractured rock sites, multiple methods focusing on different aspects of the hydrologic system are required, and particular emphasis needs to be placed on the rock matrix. This thesis shows the further development and utility of the decade-old rock core VOC method (i.e. CORETM), a rock matrix method, when used in conjunction with multiple high resolution datasets as it applies to a 100 m thick highly productive dolostone aquifer in Guelph, Ontario. The research site and surrounding area, located in the northwestern quadrant of the municipality of Guelph, was a productive zone for water supply until the early 1990s when the two closest municipal supply wells (Sacco, Smallfield) were shut down (1991, 1993 respectively) due to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the groundwater. Trichloroethene (TCE), a VOC, was used as a degreaser at the Guelph site and likely entered the groundwater more than 20 years ago. The thin overburden, shallow water table, relatively constant dolostone mineralogy, proximity to the UW analytical laboratory, relatively simple plume composition showing minimal degradation, and local importance make this an excellent study site for TCE fate and migration in fractured sedimentary rocks. This thesis is composed of four chapters. Chapter 1 provides a brief background to the rock core VOC method and gives the conceptual framework for the investigation. Chapter 2 focuses on the further development of the rock core VOC method by providing the field validation of a recently adapted extraction method for VOCs in rock core using microwave assisted extraction (MAE), demonstrating the importance of rapid field preservation of samples, and comparing to the industry standard purge and trap method for VOCs on solid matrices. Results indicate that the microwave assisted extraction (MAE) method typically provides equivalent or higher concentrations when compared with the shake-flask and purge and trap extraction methods, indicating more complete extraction or less loss during transfer and/or storage. The purge and trap method provided false negatives (i.e. non-detects) due to inadequate preservation, incomplete extraction, and the elevated detection limit for TCE. The necessity for field preservation was examined by comparing crushed rock samples preserved in methanol in the field to samples unpreserved in the field with a laboratory addition of methanol less than 12 hours later. Chapter 3 creates high resolution porosity and bulk density logs by using selected geophysical logging tools in combination with core derived physical properties for the purpose of calculating porewater concentrations from total contaminant mass concentrations obtained from the rock core VOC method and sample specific rock properties relevant to the conversion. This is beneficial because total mass estimates obtained from the rock core VOC method are not necessarily indicative of the groundwater concentrations given the presence of solid organic carbon controlled sorption. Chapter 4 is a demonstration of the discrete fracture network approach (Parker 2007) applied to the Guelph field site with emphasis on the insights gained through high resolution contaminant profiles generated from cored holes in or near the source area and along a transect. Together, these four chapters present a framework for investigating VOC contamination in fractured sedimentary rocks and with emphasis on evaluating recent advances in the rock core VOC methodology in a field site context.

Groundwater is an important source of baseflow. Baseflow supports minimum flows and living area through dry periods, and moderates surface water temperature. The reductions in baseflow after urbanization can cause degradation of the stream ecosystem. The purpose of this study was to investigate the groundwater-surface water interaction and thermal regime of Clythe Creek, Guelph to illustrate the importance of groundwater/streamflow interaction in determining the health of a stream ecosystem. Piezometers were used to quantify vertical and lateral groundwater flow direction, and surface water temperature measurements were used to characterize and quantify the thermal regime. Groundwater-surface water interaction varied both temporally and spatially between the two geomorphic units. Average summer surface water temperatures were consistently cooler in the downstream portion of the study reach. The importance of groundwater-surface water interactions in supporting stream ecosystems was concluded from this study, and restoration strategies to address threats from urbanization were made. / Ontario Research Fund (ORF)

A sedimentological and geomorphologic investigation southeast of the City of Guelph, Ontario was undertaken to determine the nature, trends in distribution, and origin of subsurface sediments in the Paris moraine. Sediments were investigated by drilling five cored-holes, mapping geomorphic elements, and creating a database of existing data. Nine broadly encompassing and reoccurring lithofacies were identified, ranging from gravel to clayey silt. The general transverse trend of geomorphic elements across the moraine consists of a frontslope, hummocky, and backslope element. Sediment-landform associations were identified from the synthesis of cored-hole, geomorphic element mapping, and lithologic cross-section data. Based on these results, the Paris Moraine is thought to be the remnants of an ice-cored controlled moraine. The relief inversion process responsible for the formation of the controlled moraine creates a horizontally and vertically variable distribution of lithofacies. Hydrogeologic properties of the moraine sediments will likely be similarly spatially variable and difficult to predict. / Ontario Research Fund, NSERC, OMAFRA

There is substantial optimism for urban agriculture as a form of alternative agriculture that can enhance the food security of individuals within our food system. However, productivity and efficiency of this form of agriculture are not well understood in the literature. This research is the result of a case study of Guelph where fifty gardeners were selected and asked to complete a garden diary in which they recorded their production and input costs (land, labour and capital). The results indicate that the average vegetable gardener in Guelph is not able to achieve high yields but their inputs of labour and capital are quite high. Further investigation of motivations and barriers found that production was not a major motivation for vegetable gardening, but that there were numerous other benefits involved. This suggests that backyard gardening is not a viable food security strategy.

Submitted by (lucia.rodrigues@ufrpe.br) on 2016-10-18T13:08:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tafnes da Silva Andrade.pdf: 1998504 bytes, checksum: 836c41e92b9859b73b5759933ff5ff25 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-18T13:08:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tafnes da Silva Andrade.pdf: 1998504 bytes, checksum: 836c41e92b9859b73b5759933ff5ff25 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-11 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / The rivers alluvial valleys, formed by deposition of sediments and eroded materials are predominantly sandy, and usually form good aquifers. In areas where irrigated agriculture is practiced, the recovery of the water alluvial reserves, may occur due to precipitation and / or irrigation. The recharge can be estimated from information of the variation of water depth as piezometers, or whenever there is positive changes in groundwater level is an episode of recharge can be quantified. This paper aims to present the results of monitoring of changes in groundwater levels and estimate the alluvial valley recharge factor by the temporary streams Mimoso, Jatoba and Ipaneminha, from January 2002 to September 2009 in the Pernambuco semiarid. We used monthly data of the piezometric levels monitoring, from January 2002 to October 2009, retrieved from the database of the Water and Soil Laboratory of UFRPE that performs this monitoring since September 2001. From the monitoring of piezometric levels, can be seen that the system responds to significant precipitation events, only the monthly precipitation above 100mm promote recharge and there is no significant difference between charges that occurred in a loam soil and sandy-loam. / Os vales aluviais dos rios, formados pela deposição de sedimentos fluviais e materiais erodidos, são predominantemente arenosos, e se constituem, normalmente, em bons aqüíferos. Em áreas onde se pratica agricultura irrigada, a recuperação das reservas hídricas do aluvião, pode ocorrer devido à precipitação e/ou irrigação. A recarga pode ser avaliada a partir de informação da variação da profundidade da água medida em piezômetros, ou seja, sempre que há variações positivas no nível freático ocorre um episódio de recarga possível de quantificar. Este trabalho tem como objetivos apresentar os resultados do monitoramento da variação dos níveis freáticos e estimar o fator de recarga do vale aluvial pelos riachos temporários Mimoso, Jatobá e Ipaneminha, no período de janeiro de 2002 a setembro de 2009, em região semi-árida de Pernambuco. Foram utilizados dados mensais, do monitoramento dos níveis piezométricos, do período de Janeiro de 2002 e outubro de 2009, obtidos a partir do banco de dados do Laboratório de Água e Solo da UFRPE, que realiza esse acompanhamento desde setembro 2001. A partir do monitoramento dos níveis piezométricos, pode-se verificar que o sistema responde significativamente a eventos de precipitação, que apenas as precipitações mensais acima de 100mm promovem recarga e que não existe diferença significativa entre as recargas ocorridas em solos de textura franco e franco-arenosa.

No description available.

Many growing southern Ontario communities, including Guelph, rely on fractured bedrock aquifers for drinking water. Contamination and overexploitation pose a threat to these water resources, necessitating characterization of vulnerability, risks, and recharge areas. Quaternary sediments southeast of the City of Guelph, including the Paris Moraine, were investigated in order to delineate hydrostratigraphy. This was achieved through study of 9 cored-holes, as well as existing MOE, GRCA, and University of Guelph data. Falling head permeameter measurements and empirical grain-size distribution measurements and analysis were employed for determination of 𝐾𝑠𝑎𝑡 values, which were used to construct a hydrostratigraphy. Of 19 methods evaluated, The Kozeny-Carman empirical grain-size method for determining 𝐾𝑠𝑎𝑡 was found to be more representative of measured values for the study area. The area is dominated by a conductivity regime of 2.72x10-7 – 1.40x10-6 m/s with local heterogeneity present on the scale of 10’s to 100’s of meters. The Paris Moraine, particularly its backslope, is at higher risk due to its relatively high conductivity, greater occurrence of aquifer units, as well as prevalence of small-scale topographic (hummocky topography), and bedrock topographic lows. / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)

in English language: This thesis deals with the political and economic development of the Kingdom of Hanover as an example of a medium-sized state in the German Confederation. In addition to its relationship with Great Britain, with which was Hanover associated in personal union in the years 1714-1837, a new definition of relations between these states before 1866 and the annexation of Hanover by Prussia are also discussed, as well as the impact of the significant events in Europe in that time on the functioning of the Guelph domain. Closer to be discussed are the personalities of British Queen Victoria and Hanoverian King and Duke of Cumberland Ernest August, who were key actors at the end of the personal union in 1837, and in addressing the sensitive political issues that followed. Apart from the emphasis on political history, this thesis also deals with economic history, primarily in connection with Hanover's relationship with the German Customs Association (Zollverein). This institution, guarded by Prussia, represented to Hanover in certain stages of its development as an independent kingdom, first of all, competition and then a path to the short-term solution of its internal problems. Above all, however, this was one of the many situations where Hanoverian interests clashed with the interests...

The History of the Book in Canada / Histoire du livre et de l’imprimé au Canada and other national book history projects have been a catalyst for research into the local production of print and have highlighted the need for more study of the print trades in smaller centres. In Ontario during the nineteenth century independent weekly newspapers were printed in most villages, while larger towns boasted more than one print shop and often one or more booksellers and stationers. Bookbinders were active members of the book trades selling books and stationery, ruling paper, binding local pamphlets, periodicals, and books, and manufacturing blankbooks for a variety of purposes. Since much local printing was ephemeral in nature, the only evidence of its existence is found in the record books kept by printers and binders. Partial business records and other surviving artifacts of the Guelph Bookbindery, which operated from 1855 to 1978, are both a rich source of evidence of the day-to-day operations of the bookbindery and a key to the intersection of print trades in Guelph, Ontario, and the surrounding counties. This study uses local imprints, blankbooks, authors’ papers, newspapers, directories, maps, assessment records, photographs, museum artifacts, and oral history accounts to reconstruct a history of the bookbindery and its place in the print culture of nineteenth-century Guelph. It documents the transformation of a business selling books, stationery, and wallpaper into a commercial bindery, which along with local printers produced large numbers of pamphlets, ubiquitous then but increasingly rare today. It is a view into the microcosm of a dynamic community where print was a vital medium for communication reflecting the cultural, commercial, and entrepreneurial discourse in nineteenth-century Canadian society that reached far beyond its borders.