Submitted by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-06-29T13:36:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_MATEUS_RAEDER_COMPLETO.pdf: 6448267 bytes, checksum: af90fc3a763acd6de5c2203df411193f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-29T13:36:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_MATEUS_RAEDER_COMPLETO.pdf: 6448267 bytes, checksum: af90fc3a763acd6de5c2203df411193f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-27 / Over the last years, technological advances provide machines with different levels of parallelism, producing a great impact in high-performance computing area. These advances allowed developers to improve further the performance of large scale applications. In this context, clusters of multiprocessor machines with Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) are a trend in parallel processing. In NUMA architectures, the access time to data depends on where it is placed in memory. For this reason, managing data location is essential in this type of machine. In this scenario, developing software for a cluster of NUMA machines must explore the internode part (multicomputer, with distributed memory) and the intranode part (multiprocessor, with shared memory) of this architecture. This type of hybrid programming takes advantage of all features provided by NUMA architectures. However, rewriting a sequential application so that it exploits the parallelism of the environment correctly is not a trivial task, but can be facilitated through an automated process. In this sense, our work presents an automatic parallel code generation process for hybrid architectures. With the proposed approach, users do not need to know low level routines of parallel programming libraries. In order to do so, we developed a graphical tool, in which users can dynamically and intuitively create their parallel models. Thereby, it is possible to create parallel programs in such a way that is not required to be familiar with libraries commonly used by professionals of high performance computing area (such as MPI, for example). By using the developed tool, user draws a directed graph to indicate the number of processes (nodes of the graph) and the communication between them (edges). From this drawing, user inserts the sequential code of each process defined in the graphical interface, and the tool automatically generates the corresponding parallel code. Moreover, weight process and memory mappings were defined and tested on a NUMA machine cluster, as well as a hybrid mapping. The tool was developed in Java and generates parallel code with MPI for C++, in the same way that it applies memory affinity policies for NUMA machines through the Memory Affinity Interface (MAI) library. Some applications were developed with and without our model. The obtained results evidence that the proposed mapping is valid, providing performance gains in relation to sequential versions and behaving in a very similar way to traditional parallel implementations. / Nos ?ltimos anos, avan?os tecnol?gicos t?m disponibilizado m?quinas com diferentes n?veis de paralelismo, produzindo um grande impacto na ?rea de processamento de alto desempenho. Estes avan?os permitiram aos desenvolvedores melhorar ainda mais o desempenho de aplica??es de grande porte. Neste contexto, a cria??o de clusters de m?quinas multiprocessadas com acesso n?o uniforme ? mem?ria (NUMA - Non-Uniform Memory Access), surge como uma tend?ncia. Em uma arquitetura NUMA, o tempo de acesso a um dado depende de sua localiza??o na mem?ria. Por este motivo, gerenciar a localiza??o dos dados ? essencial em m?quinas deste tipo. Neste cen?rio, o desenvolvimento de software para um cluster de m?quinas NUMA deve explorar tanto a parte internodo (multicomputador, com mem?ria distribu?da) quanto a parte intranodo (multiprocessador, mem?ria compartilhada) desta arquitetura. Este tipo de programa??o h?brida faz melhor uso dos recursos disponibilizados por arquiteturas NUMA. Entretanto, reescrever uma aplica??o sequencial de modo que explore o paralelismo do ambiente de forma correta n?o ? uma tarefa trivial, mas que pode ser facilitada atrav?s de um processo automatizado. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho apresenta um processo de gera??o autom?tica e transparente de aplica??es paralelas h?bridas, sem que o usu?rio precise conhecer as rotinas de baixo n?vel das bibliotecas de programa??o paralela. Foi desenvolvida ent?o, uma ferramenta gr?fica para que o usu?rio crie seu modelo paralelo de forma din?mica e intuitiva. Assim, ? poss?vel criar programas paralelos de tal forma que n?o ? necess?rio ser familiarizado com bibliotecas comumente utilizadas por profissionais da ?rea de alto desempenho (como o MPI, por exemplo). Atrav?s da ferramenta desenvolvida, o usu?rio desenha um grafo dirigido para indicar a quantidade de processos (nodos do grafo) e as formas de comunica??o entre eles (arestas). A partir desse desenho, o usu?rio insere o c?digo sequencial de cada processo definido na interface gr?fica, e a ferramenta gera o c?digo paralelo correspondente. Al?m disto, mapeamentos de processos pesados e de mem?ria foram definidos e testados em um cluster de m?quinas NUMA, bem como um mapeamento h?brido. A ferramenta foi desenvolvida em Java e gera c?digo paralelo com MPI em C++, al?m de aplicar pol?ticas de afinidade de mem?ria para m?quinas NUMA atrav?s da biblioteca MAI (Memory Affinity Interface). Algumas aplica??es foram desenvolvidas com e sem a utiliza??o do modelo. Os resultados demonstram que o mapeamento proposto ? v?lido, j? que houve ganho de desempenho em rela??o ?s vers?es sequenciais, al?m de um comportamento similar a implementa??es paralelas tradicionais.

Submitted by PPG Odontologia (odontologia-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-03-19T17:50:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TAMARA_PALUDO_DIS.pdf: 786437 bytes, checksum: 24d142989a1f4e1aac8bb4a9d2a1548c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Tatiana Lopes (tatiana.lopes@pucrs.br) on 2018-04-04T11:42:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TAMARA_PALUDO_DIS.pdf: 786437 bytes, checksum: 24d142989a1f4e1aac8bb4a9d2a1548c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-04T11:50:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TAMARA_PALUDO_DIS.pdf: 786437 bytes, checksum: 24d142989a1f4e1aac8bb4a9d2a1548c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-10 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / (Artigo 1 Effect of a collagen stabilizing acid conditioner on adhesion to enamel and dentin) The aim was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of phosphoric acid with grape seed extract (GSE) on the enamel acid etching, on the immediate bond strength to enamel, and on the bond strength to dentin after 12 months storage. Three different phosphoric acid formulations with GSE were obtained: GSE5 - 5% phosphoric acid + 20% ethanol + 2% GSE; GSE10 -10% phosphoric acid + 20% ethanol + 2% GSE; GSE20 - 20% phosphoric acid + 20% ethanol + 2% GSE; GC (control) - 37% phosphoric acid. The enamel and dentin surfaces of third molars, extracted for therapeutic reasons, were etched with 37% phosphoric acid for 15 s, and with the modified acids for 30 s. The acid was rinsed, followed by application of Adper Scotchbond Multipurpose adhesive system, and a block of composite resin was built. In enamel, the etching pattern was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the bond strength was evaluated by conventional tensile test. In dentin, the microtensile bond strength (?TBS) was evaluated after 24 h and 1 year of storage. SEM images showed that GSE5 caused a more superficial enamel etching. According to ANOVA and Tukey?s test, enamel bond strength did not differ significantly between GC (49.00 MPa), GSE5 (42.78 MPa), GSE10 (51.55 MPa) and GSE 20 (36.18 MPa) (p> 0.05).According to two-way ANOVA and Tukey?s test, the interaction of factors (treatment x storage time) was significant (p=0.0001). At the 24 h of storage, GC (28.43 MPa) obtained the highest ?TBS, and did not differ significantly from GSE20 (24.11 MPa). GC and GSE20 were significantly higher to the others (p<0.05).The GSE10 (17.53 MPa) and GSE5 (16.75 MPa) did not differ significantly from each other. At the 12 months of storage, there was no significant difference in ?TBS between GC (17.71 MPa), GSE5 (20.97 MPa), GSE10 (17.59 MPa) and GSE20 (18.52 MPa). Only GSE5 and GSE10 did not significantly decrease ?TBS after 12 months of storage. It was concluded that GSE5 caused a more superficial enamel etching pattern in relation to the acid concentrations at 37%, 20% and 10%. However, there was no significant difference in the bond strength to enamel among the four concentrations. GSE5 and GSE10 promoted stability of the bond strength to dentin after 12 months of storage. (Artigo 2 Effect of phosphoric acid with polyphenols on dentin collagen : Atomic force microscopy study) Objective: The aim was of this study to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of phosphoric acid with grape seed extract (GSE) on the structure of the collagen fibrils of dentin. Materials and methods: Samples (0.3 mm thickness and 8 mm diameter) of the middle third of the coronal dentin of sound human molars were obtained. Half of the dentin of each tooth was etched with phosphoric acid (5%, 10%, or 20%) for 30 s, and the other half was etched with its corresponding phosphoric acid with 2% GSE for 30 s. The dentin of each sample was observed using an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). Results: AFM images showed that phosphoric acid at concentrations of 5%, 10% and 20% demineralized the dentin and exposed the collagen fibrils and their pattern of periodicity. Phosphoric acid at each concentration with 2% GSE changed the collagen fibril periodicity, and the collagen fibrils formed globular structures. This change was more significant in dentin treated with 5% phosphoric acid and less significant with 20% phosphoric acid. Conclusions: The use of 5% phosphoric acid with 2% GSE produced denser collagenous globular structures. This conformational change in the collagen can make it more mechanically and enzymatically resistant. / (Artigo 1 Efeito de um condicionador ?cido estabilizador de col?geno na ades?o ao esmalte e ? dentina) O objetivo foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes concentra??es de ?cido fosf?rico com extrato de semente de uva (GSE) no padr?o de condicionamento ?cido em esmalte, na resist?ncia de uni?o imediata ao esmalte e ap?s 12 meses de armazenamento em dentina. Tr?s diferentes formula??es de ?cido fosf?rico com GSE foram obtidas: GSE5 - 5% de ?cido fosf?rico + 20% de etanol + 2% de GSE; GSE10 -10% de ?cido fosf?rico + 20% de etanol + 2% de GSE; GSE20 - 20% de ?cido fosf?rico + 20% de etanol + 2% de GSE; GC (controle) - ?cido fosf?rico 37%. As superf?cies do esmalte e da dentina de dentes terceiros molares, extra?dos por raz?es terap?uticas, foram condicionadas com ?cido fosf?rico 37% por 15 s e com os ?cidos modificados por 30 s, seguido de lavagem e aplica??o do sistema adesivo Adper Scotchbond Multiuso (convencional de tr?s passos) e da constru??o de um bloco em resina composta. Em esmalte, o padr?o de condicionamento foi avaliado em microscopia eletr?nica de varredura (MEV) e a resist?ncia de uni?o foi avaliada pelo ensaio de tra??o convencional. Em dentina, a resist?ncia de uni?o ? microtra??o (R?T) foi avaliada ap?s 24 h e 12 meses de armazenamento. As imagens em MEV evidenciaram que o GSE5 causou um condicionamento mais superficial do esmalte. De acordo com ANOVA de 2 fatores e Tukey, a resist?ncia de uni?o ao esmalte n?o diferiu estatisticamente entre GC (49,00 MPa), GSE5 (42,78 MPa), GSE10 (51,55 MPa) e GSE20 (36,18 MPa) (p>0,05). De acordo com ANOVA de duas vias e Tukey, a intera??o tratamento x tempo de armazenamento foi significativa (p=0,0001). No tempo de armazenamento de 24 h, GC (28,43 MPa) obteve a maior R?T, n?o diferindo estatisticamente do grupo GSE20 (24,11 MPa), sendo ambos estatisticamente superiores aos demais (p<0,05). O grupo GSE10 (17,53 MPa) e o GSE5 (16,75 MPa) n?o diferiram estatisticamente entre si. No tempo de armazenamento de 12 meses, n?o houve diferen?a estat?stica na R?T entre o GC (17,71 MPa), GSE5 (20,97 MPa), GSE10 (17,59 MPa) e GSE20 (18,52 MPa). Apenas GSE5 e GSE10 n?o tiveram redu??o significativa da R?T ap?s 12 meses de armazenamento. Concluiu-se que o GSE5 causou um condicionamento mais superficial do esmalte em rela??o ?s concentra??es de 37%, 20% e 10%. No entanto, n?o houve diferen?a estat?stica nos valores de resist?ncia ? tra??o imediata ao esmalte entre as quatro concentra??es. GSE5 e GSE10 promoveram a estabilidade da resist?ncia de uni?o ? dentina ap?s 12 meses de armazenamento.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:53:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 IsaacM_DISSERT_1_150.pdf: 2849848 bytes, checksum: 0c48ece28752c2617725630831a4bb9b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-09-30 / The globalization of markets has confirmed for the processes of change in organizations both in structure and in management. This dynamic was also observed in credit unions because they are financial institutions and are under the rules of the Brazil?s Financial System. Given the context of organizational changes in the financial capital has played the traditional management reform is urgent. In organizations credit unions, given its dual purpose, because in the same organizational environment and capitalism coexist cooperative whose logics are antagonistic, but can live through the balance between instrumental rationality and substantive rationality in credit unions. Based on this concept a new form of management should be thought to be able to accommodate the demand of cooperative, community, government and the market. Hybridization has been observed in management practices` COOPERUFPA into dimensions financial, social and solidarity participation with a trend in paradigmatic form of hybrid management, in that it directly or indirectly affect the management decisions in the credit union. The hybrid management is a trend that has been setting the basis for societal transformation, so that credit unions promote actions of welfare oriented cooperative members and the community around the same time that attend the dynamics of market globalization. These actions, in the context of hybrid management should be implemented by COOPERUFPA from the sociability of the remains and the wide diffusion of solidarity culture between cooperative partnership as a way to recover their participation in trade relations, financial and the social collective developement. For the members of COOPERUFPA financial interest is evidenced in greater relevance for the social interest given its dominant relationship as "mere customer" of the credit union, however, the proactive participation of the life of the cooperative credit union is one of its expectative among of participation of to share power in decisions by general meetings. This passivity`s cooperator of the COOPERUFPA in defending the ideals overshadowed the spread of cooperative principles and values of cooperation among them. Thus his conception for COOPERUFPA in the financial dimension, social and solidarity democracy, performed transversely. The COOPERUFPA for not developing an education policy for the cooperation among its members, contributed to a process of collective alienation of cooperative ideals, since the cooperative do not understand the reality that surrounds them as members of an organization whose mission is to social and financial sustainability of its members / A globaliza??o dos mercados tem corroborado para os processos de mudan?a nas organiza??es tanto na estrutura como na forma de gest?o. Essa din?mica tamb?m foi observada nas cooperativas de cr?dito, por serem institui??es financeiras e por estarem sob as regras do Sistema Financeiro Nacional. Diante do contexto de mudan?as organizacionais em que o capital financeiro tem protagonizado, a reforma da gest?o tradicional torna-se premente. Nas organiza??es cooperativas de cr?dito, dada sua dualidade de objetivo, pois num mesmo ambiente organizacional coexistem capitalismo e cooperativismo, cujas l?gicas s?o antag?nicas, mas que podem conviver atrav?s do equil?brio entre a racionalidade instrumental e racionalidade substantiva nas cooperativas de cr?dito. A partir dessa concep??o uma nova forma de gest?o deve ser pensada para que possa dar conta de contemplar ?s exig?ncias dos cooperados, comunidade, governo e do mercado. A hibrida??o que se observou nas pr?ticas de gest?o da COOPERUFPA nas dimens?es financeira, social e de participa??o solid?ria evidenciou uma tend?ncia paradigm?tica em forma de gest?o h?brida, na medida em que de forma direta ou indireta afetaram as decis?es gestoras na cooperativa de cr?dito. A gest?o h?brida ? uma tend?ncia que vem se configurando na base das transforma??es societ?rias, de forma que as cooperativas de cr?dito promovam a??es de bem-estar voltadas para cooperados e comunidade do entorno ao mesmo tempo em que atendam ? din?mica da globaliza??o do mercado. Essas a??es, no contexto da gest?o h?brida, dever?o ser implementadas, pela COOPERUFPA, a partir da sociabilidade das sobras e da ampla difus?o da cultura solid?ria entre cooperados como forma de recuperar sua participa??o nas rela??es comerciais, financeiras e de desenvolvimento social coletivo. Para os cooperados da COOPERUFPA o interesse financeiro ? evidenciado em maior relev?ncia em rela??o ao interesse social dada sua rela??o preponderante como mero cliente da cooperativa de cr?dito, no entanto, a participa??o proativa dos cooperados ? vida da cooperativa de cr?dito ? uma de suas expectativas, pois eles pretendem compartilhar mais do poder de decis?o, atrav?s das assembl?ias gerais. Essa passividade dos cooperados da COOPERUFPA na defesa dos ideais cooperativistas ofuscou a dissemina??o dos princ?pios e valores do cooperativismo entre eles. Dessa forma sua concep??o em rela??o a COOPERUFPA, na dimens?o financeira, social e de democracia solid?ria, apresentou-se de forma transversal. A COOPERUFPA, por n?o desenvolver uma pol?tica de educa??o para o cooperativismo entre seus cooperados, contribuiu para um processo de aliena??o coletiva dos ideais cooperativistas, uma vez que os cooperados n?o compreendem a realidade que os envolve como associados de uma organiza??o que tem como miss?o a sustentabilidade s?cio-financeira de seus membros

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:13:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DalianaCPS_DISSERT.pdf: 2595100 bytes, checksum: aa73f33cf15a2a54413796e75ca861bc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-08-22 / O c?ncer de colo uterino consiste em um problema de grande relev?ncia social, visto que se trata da segunda malignidade ginecol?gica mais freq?ente no mundo. O principal precursor do c?ncer da c?rvice uterina consiste na infec??o pelo Papiloma v?rus humano (HPV). O HPV tem despertado grande interesse na comunidade cient?fica, devido ? rela??o estabelecida entre a sua epidemiologia e o c?ncer de c?rvice uterina. Apesar do grande avan?o na biologia do HPV, pouco se sabe acerca da resposta imunol?gica a este v?rus. O Papilomav?rus humano (HPV) ? um DNA v?rus epiteliotr?fico, que est? vinculado ? carcinog?nese do colo uterino por meio de evid?ncias epidemiol?gicas e laboratoriais. As infec??es pelo HPV ocorrem em mulheres em todo o mundo. Existe consenso na literatura quanto ? associa??o do DNA HPV com as neoplasias intra epiteliais cervicais e o c?ncer cervical. Por este motivo ? de grande import?ncia a detec??o precoce deste tipo de infec??o para que seja efetuado um tratamento espec?fico. Esse trabalho est? caracterizando o perfil imunol?gico de pacientes portadoras de HPV atrav?s da quantifica??o linfocit?ria (TCD4, TCD8, c?lulas NKT e c?lulas NK), e correlacionou esse material ? t?cnica de captura h?brida, para poder comprovar a infec??o pelo HPV, esperando assim contribuir precocemente para o diagn?stico do c?ncer de colo uterino.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-06-03T23:57:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FelipeMoraisFernandesSerafim_DISSERT.pdf: 2615030 bytes, checksum: c5cdd1f3e33cd45acd31d95163c78d6a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-06-07T20:57:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FelipeMoraisFernandesSerafim_DISSERT.pdf: 2615030 bytes, checksum: c5cdd1f3e33cd45acd31d95163c78d6a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-07T20:57:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FelipeMoraisFernandesSerafim_DISSERT.pdf: 2615030 bytes, checksum: c5cdd1f3e33cd45acd31d95163c78d6a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-16 / O trabalho objetiva investigar o uso de uma estrutura de sanduiche h?brida formada com tecido de fibras de kevlar (Kevlar 49), manta de fibras de vidro do tipo E e particulado do endocarpo do coco seco (Cocos Nuc?fera Linn), tendo como matriz a base de resina termofixa de tereftalato de poli?ster para o uso em ?reas de equipamento de prote??o. O processo de fabrica??o adotado foi o de lamina??o manual (hand lay up) para confeccionar a estrutura h?brida. Para caracterizar o comportamento mec?nico e f?sico foi fabricada uma placa de 800x700 mm? do painel h?brido, da qual foram preparados corpos de prova para os ensaios de absor??o de umidade, tra??o uniaxial, densidade volumetrica, impacto (Charpy) e testes bal?sticos. Este ?ltimo foi aplicado para que fosse feito um estudo comparativo da fratura bal?stica causada pela penetra??o do projetil bal?stico de calibre 38 e 380, N?vel I e N?vel III, respectivamente. Houve tamb?m analise do di?metro de entrada e sa?da do projetil, como da ?rea de dano delaminada. Para o ensaio de Impacto (Charpy), foram analisadas a energia absorvida e a caracter?stica da fratura, para, assim, ser analisado o comportamento da configura??o proposta. Todos os testes realizados tem por finalidade a aplica??o nas ?reas de equipamento contra impacto bal?stico, tais como, capacetes; coletes ? prova de bala; blindagens; embalagens de prote??o entre outros itens a serem identificados nesta pesquisa. Os resultados obtidos apontam para aplica??es onde envolvem solicita??es trativas para este material, por?m, o mesmo obteve valores baixos de energia absorvida no ensaio de impacto. No teste bal?stico, houve penetra??o total das placas, mas com significativa ?rea delaminada. / This work aims to study and investigate the use of a hybrid composite polymer formed with blanket aramid (Kevlar 29) fiber blanket flax fiber and particulate dry endocarp of coconut (Cocos nucifera Linn), using as matrix an epoxy resin based thermoset for use in areas of protective equipment. Besides such material is used an aluminum plate, joined to the composite by means of glue based on epoxy and araldite commercial. The manufacturing process adopted was manual lamination (Hand Lay Up) to manufacture the hybrid composite. After the composite is prepared, an aluminum plate is subjected to pressure and glued to cure the adhesive. Layers of veil will also be used to separate the particulate from the linen blanket layer without disturbing the alignment of the fibers of the blankets. To characterize the mechanical and physical behavior was manufactured a plate of 800 x 600 mm of the hybrid composite, which were removed specimens for tests of water absorption to saturation; density; impact test (Charpy) and two test specimens for ballistic testing 220 mm x 200 mm to make a comparative study between the dry state and saturated water absorption and thus see the ballistic performance of these two conditions. The test was applied to make a comparative study of fracture in these two conditions, caused by penetrating ballistic missile (38 and 380). To test the impact (Charpy) will analyze the absorbed energy, fracture appearance and lateral contraction, also in dry condition and saturation of absorbed water, thereby analyzing situations where the impact load is relevant, such as bumps and shocks produced by stone, metal or wooden bars among others. The proposed configuration, along with the tests, has the purpose, application in the fields of equipment against ballistic impact, such as helmets; bullet proof vests; shields; protective packaging and other items to be identified in this research.

Submitted by SBI Biblioteca Digital (sbi.bibliotecadigital@puc-campinas.edu.br) on 2018-03-15T13:19:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RENATA ELIZA PAVANELLO.pdf: 1818495 bytes, checksum: 584f82239d012d948febe192c32331a9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-15T13:19:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RENATA ELIZA PAVANELLO.pdf: 1818495 bytes, checksum: 584f82239d012d948febe192c32331a9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-02 / The aim of this paper was to evaluate the influence of acid etching on the bond strength of the universal adhesive system in caries-affected-dentin. For this experimental study, 40 erupted permanent third molars were selected at the Dental Clinic of the PUC-Campinas with Free and Informed Consent Term signed by the patients. Removal of the occlusal third with double - sided diamond disc and flat dentin surfaces obtained by sanding was done. The lesion of the caries was developed by microbiological method with S. mutans strain ATCC25175. The teeth were divided into 4 groups (n = 10): AF-I: phosphoric acid conditioning and application of the Universal Single Bond adhesive system - immediate microtensile test; AF-DC: phosphoric acid conditioning and application of the Universal Single Bond adhesive system and microtensile test after cariogenic challenge; SAF-I: application of the Universal Single Bond adhesive system without acid etching and immediate microtensile test and SAF-DC: application of the Universal Single Bond adhesive system without acid etching and microtensile test after carig?nico challenge. A composite resin block was made in the affected dentin. Each tooth / adhesive / resin block was sectioned with diamond discs coupled to the Isomet cutting machine in parallel planes obtaining test pieces in the shape of sticks, with a cross-sectional area of 1 mm2. Microtensile test was performed. Only adhesive / mixed fractures were considered for bond strength calculation. The results were evaluated by the Kruskal-Wallis test (Student-Newman-Keuls) and Friedman. The higher bond strength occurred in the groups in which the phosphoric acid conditioning was done (p <0.05). There was no significant difference in union strength after cariogenic challenge (p> 0.05). The type of fracture was predominantly adhesive. It was concluded that phosphoric acid caused increased bond strength of the Universal Single Bond adhesive system in caries affected dentin and the cariogenic challenge did not interfere in the bond strength of the Universal Single Bond adhesive system in dentin affected by caries. / O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a interfer?ncia do condicionamento ?cido na resist?ncia de uni?o do sistema adesivo universal na dentina afetada por c?rie. Para este estudo de car?ter experimental foram selecionados 40 terceiros molares permanentes erupcionados com Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido assinado pelos pacientes na Cl?nica Odontol?gica da PUC-Campinas. Foi feita a remo??o do ter?o oclusal com disco diamantado dupla face e superf?cies dentin?rias planas obtidas atrav?s de lixamento. A les?o de c?rie foi desenvolvida pelo m?todo microbiol?gico com cepa padr?o S. mutans ATCC25175. Os dentes foram divididos aleatoriamente em 4 grupos (n=10): AF-I: condicionamento com ?cido fosf?rico e aplica??o do sistema adesivo Single Bond Universal - teste imediato de microtra??o; AF-DC: condicionamento com ?cido fosf?rico e aplica??o do sistema adesivo Single Bond Universal e teste de microtra??o ap?s desafio cariog?nico; SAF-I: aplica??o do sistema adesivo Single Bond Universal sem condicionamento ?cido e teste imediato de microtra??o e SAF-DC: aplica??o do sistema adesivo Single Bond Universal sem condicionamento ?cido e teste de microtra??o ap?s desafio carig?nico. Um bloco de resina composta Charisma foi confeccionado na dentina afetada. Cada bloco dente/adesivo/resina foi seccionado com discos diamantados acoplados a m?quina de corte Isomet em planos paralelos obtendo corpos de prova em forma de palitos, com ?rea de sec??o transversal de 1 mm2. Para realiza??o do teste de microtra??o. Apenas fraturas adesivas /mistas foram consideradas para c?lculo de resist?ncia de uni?o. Os resultados foram avaliados pelo teste Kruskal-Wallis (Student-Newman-Keuls) e Friedman. A maior resist?ncia de uni?o ocorreu nos grupos em que foi feito o condicionamento com ?cido fosf?rico (p<0.05). N?o houve diferen?a significante na resist?ncia de uni?o ap?s o desafio cariog?nico (p>0.05). O tipo de fratura predominante foi adesiva. Pode-se concluir que o ?cido fosf?rico acarretou aumento na resist?ncia de uni?o do sistema adesivo Single Bond Universal na dentina afetada por c?rie e o desafio cariog?nico n?o interferiu na resist?ncia de uni?o do sistema adesivo Single Bond Universal na dentina afetada por c?rie.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:31:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 KARYNA SILVEIRA CARDOSO.pdf: 2314345 bytes, checksum: 65e604b78ddbbbc8d0efd8e49a70ac86 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-16 / This study proposes a strategy to access sensor nodes of a wireless sensor network clumped together in clusters that come together in cells through a hybrid radio topology and / or fiber. In this topology, communication between wireless sensor networks and the repeater is via radio, while the backhaul communication between the base and repeaters will be hybrid and can use radio or fiber. Therefore, the proposal includes a flexible topology, using both radio as fiber in the backhaul and access to sensor nodes via a wireless sensor network. For demonstration of the proposed, tests were done on a channel emulation bench using fiber backhaul between the base and a repeater element. These tests were performed on the 915 MHz band, the FSK varying its transmission rate to assess the coverage area for each rate. As a result curves were obtained showing that for a fixed RSSI, the higher the worse transmission rate is the bit error rate. And the higher the lowest environmental attenuation factor will be the coverage area at all rates tested. Therefore the lower the reception power, the greater the distance between the sensors. Also tests were made in a real environment to evaluate the protocols implemented. It consists in the access of the node sensors of the clusters through multiple hops and reception power measurements of each sensor node and a packet loss rate. Through testing it has verified the operation of the proposal and implemented the flexible topology proposal. / O presente trabalho prop?e uma estrat?gia para acessar n?s sensores de uma rede de sensores sem fio (RSSF) aglutinados em clusters que se unem em c?lulas atrav?s de uma topologia h?brida de r?dio e/ou fibra. Nesta topologia, a comunica??o entre as redes de sensores sem fio e o repetidor ser? via r?dio, enquanto o backhaul de comunica??o entre a base e os repetidores ser? h?brido, podendo utilizar r?dio ou fibra. Portanto, a proposta abrange uma topologia flex?vel, utilizando tanto r?dio quanto fibra no backhaul e acesso aos n?s sensores via uma rede de sensores sem fio. Para demonstrar a proposta foram feitos testes em uma bancada de emula??o de canal utilizando backhaul de fibra entre a base e um elemento repetidor. Estes testes foram realizados na faixa de 915 MHZ, na modula??o FSK variando a sua taxa de transmiss?o, para avaliar a ?rea de cobertura para cada taxa. Como resultados foram obtidas curvas que mostram que para uma RSSI fixa, quanto maior a taxa de transmiss?o pior ser? a taxa de erros de bits (BER). E quanto maior o fator de atenua??o do ambiente menor ser? a ?rea de cobertura da rede em todas as taxas testadas. Logo quanto menor a pot?ncia recep??o, maior a dist?ncia entre os n?s sensores. Tamb?m foram realizados testes em um ambiente real para avaliar os protocolos implementados. Estes testes consistiam no acesso dos n?s sensores dos clusters atrav?s de m?ltiplos saltos e medi??o dos valores de pot?ncia de recep??o de cada n? sensor e sua taxa de perda de pacotes (PER). Atrav?s dos testes realizados foi comprovado o funcionamento da proposta implementada e a topologia flex?vel proposta.

Submitted by PPG Ci?ncia da Computa??o (ppgcc@pucrs.br) on 2018-12-12T11:28:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Romulo Reis de Oliveira_DIS.pdf: 1719302 bytes, checksum: 005f38fa0c94cb6b97ce5f6ad6ec70ed (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sheila Dias (sheila.dias@pucrs.br) on 2018-12-14T11:26:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Romulo Reis de Oliveira_DIS.pdf: 1719302 bytes, checksum: 005f38fa0c94cb6b97ce5f6ad6ec70ed (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-14T11:50:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Romulo Reis de Oliveira_DIS.pdf: 1719302 bytes, checksum: 005f38fa0c94cb6b97ce5f6ad6ec70ed (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-24 / Hybrid synchrony virtual networks arose by combining network virtualization, which allows the co-existence of several virtual networks in the same shared physical substrate, providing infrastructure in a flexible and economic way, with partial synchrony network architecture, which is relevant in distributed systems in order to build reliable systems. One of the main challenges in network virtualization is the efficient mapping of virtual resources in the substrate network, since it is a NP-Hard complexity problem. When considering the synchrony of virtual and physical resources it becomes more difficult to map, making it unfeasible to calculate the optimal solution in real environments. Thus, heuristic approaches are necessary for finding semi-optimal solutions faster. In this work, four heuristics for mapping hybrid synchrony virtual networks are adapted. In order to evaluate these heuristics, two sets of experiments were executed. In the first set is compared the optimal solutions with their respective semi-optimal solutions, the results show the heuristics? efficiency are better when the virtual network requests are smaller, furthermore there were some semi-optimal solution mapping costs equivalent to the optimal solution mapping cost. The second set of experiments evaluates the heuristics performance using a physical substrate closer to real context and a larger number of virtual network requests. The results of this second set of experiments demonstrate that even with a larger number of virtual requests and a larger substrate, the solutions were computed in acceptable time. / As redes virtuais de sincronia h?brida surgiram da combina??o entre a virtualiza??o de redes, a qual permite a coexist?ncia de v?rias redes virtuais no mesmo substrato f?sico compartilhado fornecendo infraestrutura de maneira flex?vel e econ?mica, e arquitetura de redes com sincronia parcial, essa relevante em sistemas distribu?dos para construir sistemas confi?veis. Um dos principais desafios em virtualiza??o de redes ? o mapeamento eficiente dos recursos virtuais na rede de substrato, pois ? um problema de complexidade NP-Dif?cil. Ao considerar a sincronia dos recursos virtuais e f?sicos, se torna mais dif?cil efetuar esse mapeamento, inviabilizando o c?lculo da solu??o ?tima em ambientes reais. Sendo assim, abordagens heur?sticas s?o necess?rias para encontrar solu??es semi-?timas de maneira mais r?pida. Neste trabalho s?o adaptadas quatro abordagens heur?sticas para efetuar o mapeamento de redes virtuais de sincronia h?brida. Para avaliar o desempenho dessas heur?sticas foram efetuados dois conjuntos de experimentos. No primeiro conjunto de experimentos s?o comparadas as solu??es ?timas e as respectivas solu??es semi-?timas, os resultados indicaram que a efici?ncia das heur?sticas s?o melhores quando as requisi??es de redes virtuais s?o menores, al?m disso houveram alguns custos de solu??es semi-?timas equivalentes ao custo de mapeamento da solu??o ?tima. O segundo conjunto de experimento avalia o desempenho das heur?sticas utilizando um substrato de rede mais pr?ximo do contexto real e um maior n?mero de requisi??es de redes virtuais. Os resultados desse segundo experimento demonstram que mesmo com um n?mero maior de requisi??es de redes virtuais e um substrato maior, as solu??es foram calculadas em tempo aceit?vel.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-11-01T21:47:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AllysonFernandesDaCostaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 1659813 bytes, checksum: 0de7287ef5c2c4ae621833638c04aa5f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-11-08T00:21:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 AllysonFernandesDaCostaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 1659813 bytes, checksum: 0de7287ef5c2c4ae621833638c04aa5f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-08T00:21:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AllysonFernandesDaCostaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 1659813 bytes, checksum: 0de7287ef5c2c4ae621833638c04aa5f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-30 / Problemas de localiza??o buscam determinar as melhores posi??es onde devem ser instaladas facilidades de modo a atender demandas existentes. Pela vasta aplicabilidade da ?rea, diversas caracter?sticas j? foram importadas aos modelos para melhor representar situa??es pr?ticas. Uma delas generaliza os modelos cl?ssicos para situa??es em que decis?es de localiza??o devem ser tomadas periodicamente. Outra, permite que modelos tratem do dimensionamento das capacidades como uma vari?vel do problema. O Problema Din?mico de Localiza??o de Facilidades com Capacidades Modulares unifica estas e outras caracter?sticas presentes em problemas de localiza??o num ?nico e generalizado modelo. Este problema foi recentemente formulado na literatura, onde uma abordagem exata foi introduzida e aplicada a inst?ncias derivadas de um estudo de caso no contexto da explora??o de recursos florestais. Neste trabalho ser? apresentado um m?todo alternativo para resolver o mesmo problema. O m?todo escolhido utiliza a estrutura da metaheur?stica Algoritmo Gen?tico e a hibridiza com uma rotina de Descida em Vizinhan?a Vari?vel com tr?s vizinhan?as de busca adaptadas de vizinhan?as aplicadas a outros problemas de localiza??o. Experimentos atestaram a efetividade da metaheur?stica h?brida desenvolvida em compara??o ? aplica??o dos m?todos puros. Na compara??o com o m?todo exato, a heur?stica se mostrou competente ao chegar a solu??es at? 0,02% de dist?ncia do ?timo na maioria das inst?ncias testadas. / Location problems aim to determine the best positions where facilities should be installed in order to meet existing demands. Due to its wide applicability, several characteristics have already been appended to the models to better represent real situations. One of them generalizes classical models to the case that location decisions should be taken periodically. Another allows models to deal with capacity sizing as a problem variable. The Dynamic Facility Location Problem with Modular Capacities unifies these and other characteristics present in location problems in a single and generalized model. This problem was recently formulated in literature where an exact approach was introduced and applied to instances of a case study in the context of the forestry sector. We present an alternative method to solve the same problem. The method chosen uses a Genetic Algorithm metaheuristic framework and hybridizes it with a Variable Neighborhood Descent routine with three neighborhoods adapted from others applied to location problems. Experiments attested the effectiveness of the hybrid metaheuristic developed in comparison to the use of those methods purely. Compared to the exact approach, the heuristic proved to be competent by finding solutions up to a gap of 0,02% to the global optimum in the majority of the instances tested.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:53:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VanessaDSF_DISSERT.pdf: 862759 bytes, checksum: d1e5a8faf841592d593e48b4f4218e61 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-07-13 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / This paper aims to propose a hybrid meta-heuristics for the Heterogeneous Fleet Vehicle Routing Problem (HVRP), which is a combinatorial optimization problem NP-hard, and is characterized by the use of a limited fleet consists of different vehicles with different capacities. The hybrid method developed makes use of a memetic algorithm associated with the component optimizer Vocabulary Building. The resulting hybrid meta-heuristic was implemented in the programming language C + + and computational experiments generated good results in relation to meta-heuristic applied in isolation, proving the efficiency of the proposed method. / O presente trabalho visa propor uma meta-heur?stica h?brida para o Problema de Roteamento de Ve?culos com Frotas Heterog?neas (PRVFH), que ? um problema de otimiza??o combinat?ria NP-dif?cil, e que se caracteriza pelo uso de uma frota limitada composta por ve?culos distintos com capacidades distintas. O m?todo h?brido desenvolvido utiliza-se de um algoritmo mem?tico associado ao componente otimizador Vocabulary Building. A meta-heur?stica h?brida resultante foi implementada na linguagem de programa??o C++ e os experimentos computacionais geraram bons resultados em rela??o ? meta-heur?stica aplicada isoladamente, comprovando a efici?ncia do m?todo proposto.