The advance of information and communication technology speeds up year by year. At the same time, methodologies for objective measurement of the benefits of ICTs are still lacking behind. This difference then forms a void of unsatisfied information requirements about the state of ICTs from a business as well as national economy's point of view. This thesis summarizes theoretical background about possible ways of viewing and measuring ICT benefits (be that benefits for a person, society as a whole or economy as a whole). The practical part of the thesis analyzes data describing the state of ICT sector in the Czech economy. The first part looks at ways of measuring ICT benefits as they are seen by a number of other authors and described in many studies. This provides a summary of the possibilities to consider when looking at our topic. The second part uses conclusions from previous works on similar topics to set some recommendations for policy improvement as well as social development that will enable maximizing the achieved utility of ICTs. Third part evaluates the position of ICT sector in the Czech Republic by analyzing basic statistical data about the economic and employment impact of all ICT firms as a whole. This is compared to other sectors of the Czech economy. Last part provides a detailed description of the process to calculate output and employment multipliers for all the sectors of Czech economy and then calculates these values according to the process. In the end, there is a summary of the theoretical and practical findings described in all preceding chapters.

The main purpose of this thesis is to analyze and compare the economic development of Finland and Sweden with the emphasis of the current economic crisis. The first chapter presents basic characteristics of both economies and their development till 2008. The second chapter shows the development of both economies from the beginning of the crisis until now. The chapter is divided into sub-chapters that analyze individual economic indicators.

The aim of this thesis is to analyze what was the influence of corporate tax rate and total paid amount on corporate income tax on GDP and unemployment in the Czech Republic. The essay also describes the impact of European subsidies given to Czech corporates as primary receivers on GDP and unemployment in the Czech Republic. A comparison of these two macroeconomic factors is provided. Conclusions show that there are some impacts which are not supposed to be transferred to a concrete comparable numbers. The thesis provides detailed overview of main impact of derivation of European subsidies given to Czech companies as primary receivers and changing corporate income tax on GDP and unemployment. The comparison of above influences is provided both on theoretical basis and the real one in the period of 1993-2013 for the Czech Republic. Conclusions and author's ideas are supported by professional publications. The thesis provides information on how the problematic is width and deep within these impacts. Any reader can create his/her own opinion on the problematic based on provided information and data.

The diploma thesis is written on the topic of Russia: macroeconomics and position at the international tourism market. The theoretical part explains the basic concepts of tourism, describes the basic macroeconomics indicators and define the position of tourism in the global economy. The second part deals with the development of the economy of the Russian Federation from its very begining up to the present. The third part discusses the Russian Federation in the terms of tourism, international income and arrivals. The last part analyzes tourism between the Czech Republic and the Russian Federation. For this part of diploma thesis has been prepared two questionnaires among residents of the Czech Republic and the Russian Federation.

The diploma thesis describes performance in the area of air transport, based on performance of national economies of two selected neighbouring countries, Czech Republic and Germany, through comparison of their gross domestic product in the selected time period. The operating performance is focused mainly on transportation performance of air transport. First part of the thesis is dealing with interconnection of economy with air transportation. Crucial part of the work contains analysis of development of GDP and analysis of development of transportation performance of both countries. Part of the thesis is also acquisition of passenger-kilometre data derived from fuel consumption and produced emissions of CO2.

The area of ASEAN countries and the subsequent role of regionalisation were being analysed in this thesis whilst employing the HDI, mortality rate up to 5 years, life expectancy at birth, GDP per capita, unemployment rate, and FDI as the crucial indicators. The study aims to examine the ASEAN countries and its aggregation within both the economic and social spheres. A 10-year period (2006-2016) had been inquired so that the development of each indicator may be examined. And therefore, results of beta convergence could be displayed in a correlation diagrams. The convergence trend has mirrored in five indicators. The only indicator, however, to be diverging has been represented by the unemployment rate. The findings of beta convergence suggest that, in comparison with economic indicators, social indicators tend to converge in a more significant manner in the ASEAN countries.

Diploma thesis deals with the identification of the influence of population aging on public finances in the Czech Republic. The thesis describes the effect of population aging on selected items of the state budget with a focus on state expenditures. The greatest attention is paid to old-age pensions. There is also an estimate of the impact of population aging on old-age pensions by the sensitivity coefficient and the prediction of old-age pensions expenditures for 2018-2050. Subsequently attention is given to evaluation the impact on public finances and their sustainability and propose economic and policy recommendations.

Estimating the Euro effect with Synthetic Control Method for Eastern Europe Abstract This thesis estimates the effect of Euro adoption on newest Eurozone members using synthetic control method. The effect is estimated on income per capita and GDP growth. Estimates indicate overall indecisive effect for Slovakia and Malta, neutral effect for Estonia and negative effect for Slovenia and Cyprus. The cost of Euro for Cyprus is estimated to be as high as 1/3 of GDP per capita. In some cases the direction of the effect changed before and after the financial crisis. The quality of inference suffers from low number of observations. Methodological assumptions are discussed, concluding that quality of Eastern European time series likely causes substantial bias in the results.

THE ABSTRACT In the new global economy majority of the developed countries use imposition of sanctions in the case of some offences. I have applied the synthetic control methods on this particular case of political pressure to quantify the real costs of anti-Russian sanctions to the economy. Based on the results of this study it was identified, that real GDP growth rate of Russia was continuously reducing by about -1,19% per quarter on average. Reaching the highest value of sanction's effect of -2,8% in real GDP growth rate at the end of 2015. It was also revealed that sanctions had positive effect on current account balance of Russia, that indicator was increasing during the whole studied after sanction's period by about 3,15% per quarter on average. This thesis is presented as a research of interconnection the imposition of 2014 sanctions against Russia and indicators of economic development (GDP, inflation) using synthetic control methods. It was revealed that former economic and social mechanisms aren't capable to provide further development of economy of Russia, its self-sufficiency and safety. JEL Classification F12, F21, F23, H25, H71, H87 Keywords sanctions, synthetic control method, Russia, GDP growth rate, current account balance Author's e-mail 51375259@fsv.cuni.cz Supervisor's e-mail...

The aim of the submitted thesis "Nominal and Real Convergence of the Czech Republic to EU (selected issues)" is to analyze nominal and real convergence of the Czech Republic to EU member countries from macroeconomic point of view, by using comparison with other transition economies. It presents and discusses theoretical issues relating to convergent process. The thesis deals with analysis of convergence using these indicators: GDP per capita in purchasing power parities, comparative price level, Maastricht criteria and some other indicators.