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The thesis deals with a creation of a model that imitates a flood wave and determining the flooded area after the rupture of the earth dam situated on the water flow Bílá Desná in The Liberec Region. It is not only a fictitious demonstration, but the actual application of a real flow wave caused by the destruction of the hydraulic dam from 1916 till the present state of the territory. The used input data were obtained from the ČÚZK and the terrain measurements. These data were processed in several programs, namely: HEC-GeoRAS and HEC-RAS. From the results of the model was determined the flooded area during peak flow and a model that portrays the development of the flood wave on the designed flow section. The results of this study enable to sketch the event which could occur if the rupture of the hydraulic dam did not occur in the 1916, but nowadays.

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Sveriges markanvändning ser idag annorlunda ut än för 100 år sedan. Det senaste århundradet har våtmarker dikats för att öka mängden odlingsbar areal. I och med utdikning av våtmarker förändrades den kustnära miljön, där många fiskarter har sina lekområden.När en minskning av predatorfisk observerades i Östersjöns kustnära områden i slutet av 1900-talet ansågs att exploatering av fiskens lekområden kunde vara en möjlig orsak för minskningen. För att återskapa naturliga lek- och uppväxtområden diskuteras nu en implementering av naturliga trösklar i diken som avvattnar kustnära våtmarker. I samband med dessa restaureringsarbeten utfärdar man beslutsprocesser tillsammans med bland annat markägare. För att kunna uppskatta och kvantifiera hur närområdet påverkas av en naturlig tröskel behöver effekten av den tilltänkta tröskeln på vattenflöden modelleras.I denna studie har därför en hydraulisk modell utvecklats för att kunna simulera vattenflöden i tre våtmarker som ligger på Öland där implementeringen av naturliga trösklar är tilltänkt: Maren, Hyllekärr och Brokhål. Modellen användes framförallt för att kunna uppskatta hur våtmarkerna översvämmas vid olika vattenföring. Genom ett observerat starkt samband mellan avrinningsområdets yta och vattenföring kunde extrema flödesscenarion simuleras. En metod för att beskriva naturliga trösklars påverkan på uppströms flödesregimer har utvecklats med hydraulisk modellering i HEC-RAS. För att validera modellresultaten uppmättes vattenflöde under vårflod 2017.Modellsimuleringen visade att endast Brokhål visade förväntade resultat, Maren visade förväntade resultat vid högre flöden och Hyllekärr visade orimliga översvämningar. Validering av resultaten visade att höjdmodellen som använts har visat felaktig topografisk information för alla tre våtmarkerna. Avvikelser och felaktigheter i topografi och batymetri har pekats ut som den största bakomliggande felkällan till modellen.Studien visade att naturliga trösklar har ingen, eller extremt liten påverkan på uppströms flödesregimer. Det bör dock poängteras att modellen har kraftiga begränsningar, särskilt höjdmodellens upplösning. Fler försök med modellen samt utveckling av höjdmodellen rekommenderas och resultaten från denna studie bör endast ses som vägledande. / In the late 20th century a decrease in coastal predatory fish in the Baltic Sea has been observed. It has been suggested that exploitation of the fish’s spawning habitats, mainly through draining of coastal wetlands, was one reason for the fish decline. To recreate spawn and growth areas, natural thresholds can be installed in trenches draining coastal wetlands. To quantify the effects of a natural threshold on water discharge in the drainage area under various water flow regimes modeling is needed.In this study, a hydraulic model was developed to estimate the effect of changing water discharges of three wetlands when natural thresholds are implemented, i.e. Maren, Hyllekärr and Brokhål, located on northern Öland. The model was run under different water flow regimes. Through an observed strong relation between catchment area and discharge, extreme discharge situations could be simulated. A method for investigating the effects of natural thresholds on upstream flow regimes has been developed with hydraulic modeling in HEC-RAS. To validate the model results, a comparison with empirical data during the spring flood 2017 was made.Model simulations showed that only water discharges in Brokhål behaved as expected, Maren behaved as expected for large flows and results for Hyllekärr were considered not being reliable. Validation showed that the elevation model for topography and bathymetry deviated from reality in all three wetlands. The elevation model has been identified as the single largest source of error in the water discharge model.From the model results, it is concluded that natural thresholds have none, or very minor effects on the upstream water flow regimes. It should however be emphasized that the model has major limitations, in particular the elevation model’s resolution. It is highly recommended to further develop the elevation model before further simulations on water discharges are made. The results from this study should only be considered as a first approximation where more detailed studies are needed to confirm that natural thresholds won’t result in major changes in upstream water flows.

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In this study Bradford’s (2008) approach for setting ecological flow and water level targets is tested and refined through application within the Lake Simcoe Region Conservation Authority’s (LSRCA) subwatershed of Lover’s Creek. A method for defining subwatershed objectives and identifying habitat specialists through expert input is proposed and tested. The natural regime of each streamflow and wetland site is characterized along with the hydrological alteration at each site. Potential ecological responses to the hydrologic alterations are then hypothesized for the different types of changes calculated at each site. Methods for setting overall ecosystem health and specific ecological objective flow targets are proposed and tested. These targets are integrated into a flow regime for each site and a process for using this information for decision making is suggested. Flow magnitude quantification is attempted using hydraulic modelling and sediment transport equations, however the data used were found to be inadequate for this application. The accuracy of the targets developed using the method presented in this paper is mainly limited by the accuracy of the hydrological model and quantified flow magnitudes. Recommendations for improving these components of the assessment are made. The unique approach and recommendations presented in this paper provide explicit steps for developing flow targets for subwatersheds within the LSRCA. This research contributes toward the advancement of EFA within the LSRCA, which provides opportunity for enhanced protection and restoration of ecosystem health across the watershed. / Lake Simcoe Region Conservation Authority