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by Li To-sing. / Bibliography: leaves 113-116 / Thesis (M.Ph.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1986

by Chan Yuk-ping. / Parallel title in Chinese characters. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1990. / Bibliography: leaves 103-105. / List of Figures --- p.iii / Acknowledgement --- p.vii / Abstract --- p.viii / Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 2. --- Overview --- p.4 / Chapter 2.1 --- Hadron-hadron Scattering --- p.4 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Introduction --- p.4 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Geometrical Picture --- p.5 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Inelastic Scattering --- p.11 / Chapter A. --- Charged Multiplicity Distribution in Full Phase Space --- p.11 / Chapter B. --- Multiplicity Distribution in Limited Rapidity Windows --- p.22 / Chapter C. --- Correlation --- p.22 / Chapter D. --- The Partition Temperature Model --- p.27 / Chapter 2.2 --- Hadron-Nucleus Scattering --- p.29 / Chapter 3. --- Charged Particle Multiplicity Distribution in Limited Rapidity Windows in Hadron-Nucleus Scattering --- p.37 / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.37 / Chapter 3.2 --- Formalism --- p.40 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Fluctuation Around n(b) --- p.43 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Fluctuation in Spatial Distribution --- p.45 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Partition-Temperature Model --- p.48 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Negative Charged Particles --- p.52 / Chapter 3.3 --- Discussion --- p.54 / Chapter 3.4 --- Conclusion --- p.60 / Chapter 4. --- Geometric Model for Multiplicity Distribution in Nucleus-Nucleus Scattering --- p.64 / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.64 / Chapter 4.2 --- Simple Model --- p.70 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Opacity --- p.70 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Average Multiplicity n(bi) --- p.73 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Intrinsic Distribution --- p.74 / Chapter 4.3 --- Analytic Form for ψ(Z) --- p.80 / Chapter 4.4 --- Intrinsic Distribution --- p.85 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Model 1 --- p.87 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Model 2 --- p.88 / Chapter 4.4.3 --- Model 3 --- p.90 / Chapter 4.4.4 --- Second Moment --- p.94 / Chapter 4.5 --- Discussion --- p.95 / Chapter 4.6 --- Conclusion --- p.98 / Chapter 5. --- Conclusion --- p.100 / References --- p.103

There is strong motivation to study standard model physics using the highest-energy data provided by the Large Hadron Collider. This is aided by the process of defining clusters of hadrons to form ‘jets’. Existing jet-finders are dependent on pre-defined parameters which, to some extent, influence their properties. This thesis introduces a novel algorithm which aims to reconstruct partons outgoing from hard interactions, prior to any splitting, by concentrating solely on the highest momentum transfer scale. In this way parton properties such as fragmentation and structure functions from hadron colliders may be compared directly with results from DIS and e+e− annihilation. This original, standalone tool is named ‘traps’ - the Topological Reconstruction Algorithm for Parton Scatters. The algorithm was developed using Pythia Monte Carlo QCD events, under a pragmatic approach that assumes the model provides a good approximation to reality at both hadronic and partonic level. Various tests were made to gauge the performance of the algorithm against standard jet-finders. The infrared safety and algorithm speed were also assessed. The objective of traps is to have low sensitivity to parameters, and to be fast and robust. A high event acceptance is necessary, as maximum statistics are required where cross-sections are at their lowest. A chapter of this thesis is dedicated to a description of the author’s studies in calibration and monitoring of the timing of the ATLAS Level-1 Calorimeter Trigger system. Pulses from triggered energy are sent via largely η× φ = 0.1 × 0.1 granularity ‘trigger towers’. Synchronous triggering with 1-2 ns precision is required for the system to make an accurate energy estimate.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2002. / Supervisors: George Sudarshan and Yuval Ne'Eman. Vita. Includes bibliographical references. Available also from UMI Company.

This thesis is a study of data on pp → ππ in the range 0.36 ≤ P(_lab) ≤ 1.55 GeV/c taken by the PS 172 experiment at CERN's LEAR facility. The aim is to elucidate the nature of mesonic states coupling both to baryon-antibaryon and meson-meson channels. The PS 172 data are compared with, and found to be consistent with, earlier data on the same channel, and, in a model independent way, the consistency of the PS 172 results with BNL data on pp pp → π(^0)π(^0) is also established. The first amplitude analysis of pp → π(^0)π(^0) to incorporate the PS 172 data is performed and it is found that from the hundreds of possible amplitudes, only two are compatible with the BNL pp → π(^0)π(^0) data and with threshold conditions. The latter may be applied in a far more rigorous way than has been previously possible since the PS 172 momentum range extends so close to threshold. Both of the solutions found exhibit resonances with spins 0-5 and the masses, widths and couplings of these states are deduced. The lowest spin resonances are found to have such large couplings to NN that they are unlikely to be simple qq states.

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