Dissertation--Fakultät für Ostasienwissenschaften--Bochum--Ruhr-Universität, 1998. / Bibliogr. p. 379-403.

published_or_final_version / Urban Planning and Design / Master / Master of Urban Design

The competence of mathematics teachers and how to prepare competent future mathematics teachers have been hotly debated in recent years; pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) is a critical indictor of that competency (e.g., Ball & Bass, 2000; Ferrini-Mundy & Findell, 2010). This explorative study examines PCK and PCK change and the factors contributing to both among a group of secondary school mathematics student teachers in Hangzhou (the capital of and largest city in Zhejiang Province, China). Changes in PCK are investigated across the final two years of a pre-service secondary mathematics teacher education program. This program is traditional in nature, mainly consisting of mathematics teaching methods courses, teaching practica and advanced mathematics courses. Student teachers’ performance in three aspects of PCK — the substance of PCK, approaches to PCK and the structure of PCK — were assessed using a combination of quantitative and qualitative measures employed at two distinct stages of the program. At each stage, student teachers’ PCK was examined by a PCK questionnaire, a follow-up interview and three video-based interviews. The factors influencing PCK change were investigated using multiple phases and approaches of data collections. Specifically, rating schemes for each aspect of PCK were developed to evaluate student teachers’ responses and track the changes in their PCK. Interviews were conducted with student teachers at various stages of their professional growth to determine what they considered to be important factors affecting their PCK and changes to their PCK. In addition, observations of student teachers’ teaching practice during their teaching practica, together with interviews involving course instructors, mentor teachers and university teachers were employed to collect supplementary evidence on the impact of those factors. A quantitative analysis of the PCK questionnaire indicated that the participating student teachers generally did not perform well in PCK items in either stage. The follow-up interviews suggest that the different logic applied by the student teachers when responding to those items, their lack of sensitivity to contextual information, and their misunderstanding of terminology and incorrect assumptions all affected their performance. An additional qualitative analysis, based on three video-based interviews, indicated that student teachers’ overall performances in the three aspects of PCK improved in the second stage. Insights were gained into the major types of changes in PCK through paired responses. These changes were found to be influenced by changes in the student teachers’ knowledge of curriculum, of good examples/tasks/exercises, of clear lesson and teaching goals and of some affiliated affective factors. Other factors, including individual and social contextual factors, prior learning and tutoring experience, practicum experience and preparations for examinations and teaching competitions, are also examined for their direct or indirect impact on PCK. This study may contribute to current literature on the characteristics of Chinese student teachers’ PCK and PCK changes during the final two years of their pre-service teacher education. It provides a tentative explanation of how institutional and social contextual factors affect PCK and PCK change in different ways. Methodological and practical implications are also discussed. / published_or_final_version / Education / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1992. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [323]-334).

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Sustainable development has become a popular trend in today's world with many national governments recognizing the severe environmental damages caused by inappropriate economic development. Cooperating with international organizations, national governments are working together to deal with the global environmental issues. In addition, sustainability has also been identified in the local development. Development strategies at the local level cause a significant change in the improvement of environment conservation, enhancement of life quality and emphasis on the harmony of society. To achieve local sustainability, industries in local communities will be confronted with challenges. This dissertation aims to investigate the relationship between local industry and sustainable city, using a case study of traditional tea industry in Hangzhou city. The research is carried out by surveys and interviews to tea farmers, local government officers and tea researchers. The dissertation shows that the implementation of sustainability in the tea industry at local level is active, but faces challenges of environmental degradation and fake tea. / published_or_final_version / Environmental Management / Master / Master of Science in Environmental Management

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, San Diego, 1997. / Co-Chairs: Paul G. Pickowicz, Joseph W. Esherick. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 1997. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 309-328).

Crisis of water pollution in Yangtze River Delta Nowadays, more and more incidents that is regarding the pollution of blue-green algae are reported to the public by media, and the water pollution becomes worse and worse, even in some area which has large amount of population, there is happening with the shortage of water because of the poor water quality. Exploring the culprit, the undue development of industrialization is one of the important factor. Especially in Yangtze River Delta, what the most serious water pollution causer is the textile industry, in the meantime, it is one of the pillar industry in Yangtze River Delta. However how to balance the environmental aspect with the textile industry would be the challenge for us as well as local government. So in this thesis, taking Hangzhou as an example to really figure out the way of integration environment, textile industry and inhabitant in rural area, mainly constructing water treatment system after biochemical treatment in textile mills for degradation of toxic substance involve in waste water, and try to reutilize on-site component such as abandoned channel, fishponds, farmland and demolished poor textile mills, transforming them into components of water treatment system, phytoremediation are introduced to help treatment system, providing an opportunity to integrate these three parts, and improving life quality of textile industrial gathering zone in Hangzhou. / published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Landscape Architecture

High speed railway and promote the economic development of the city. So the operation of high-speed railway in Ningbo to Hangzhou, Ningbo’s opportunity and challenge, tourism, transportation, business, industry, real estate industry, headquarters economy, financial, cultural and creative industries, attract talent. Although short-term high iron research is very difficult to see effect, but through some research can guess and judge the impact of high-speed rail industry of Ningbo city and some Suggestions put forward the Ningbo, Hang-Yong high-speed railway.