Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2004. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 70 p. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 41-47).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Rutgers University, 2008. / "Graduate Program in Political Science." Includes bibliographical references (p. 186-194).

Thesis (M.S.)--Rochester Institute of Technology, 1993. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 48-53).

Thesis (M.A.)--Rowan University, 2008. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Texas at Dallas, 2007. / Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Orientador: Elizabeth Piemonte Constantino / Banca: Leonardo Lemos de Souza / Banca: Ester Myriam Rojas Osorio / Banca: Lucilene dos Santos Gonzales / Banca: Ana Cristina Paes Leme Giffoni Cilião Torres / Resumen: Los aspectos económicos, políticos y sociales son relevantes en el valor que una palabra, un signo ideológico o un objeto de sentido puedan tener para los interlocutores en un enunciado. Son los elementos que constituyen el trasfondo sobre lo cual transcurre la vida cotidiana y las acciones constitutivas de enunciados más elaborados. A lo largo de nuestro trabajo hablaremos de aspectos variados que hicieron posible el surgimiento del bullying como objeto científico en Brasil. El aumento gradual de la valoración social que recibió probablemente esté relacionado a la creciente preocupación con la violencia escolar en el país, que recibió sustancial atención en el siglo XXI. La elección que hicimos para pensarnos las cuestiones suscitadas fue por el pensamiento de lo Círculo Bajtiniano. De su producción conceptual enfatizamos el dialogismo, la ideología y el enunciado concreto. Presentamos las reflexiones de Bajtín respecto las ciencias humanas, cuyo objeto por excelencia es el texto, acto en que el ser humano da sentido al mundo. Partimos de ese punto para la presentación del método y de las primeras consideraciones respecto el material elegido por nosotros. Bosquejamos un camino histórico de lo signo 'bullying' en Brasil, a relacionarlo a la atención dedicada a la violencia escolar en el medio académico y en el mercado editorial del País. Debatimos el origen de la palabra 'bullying' y sus significaciones, incluso presentando una crítica al uso de un término extranjero para no... (Resumen completo clicar acceso eletrônico abajo) / Resumo: Os aspectos econômicos, políticos e sociais são relevantes no valor que um vocábulo, um signo ideológico ou um objeto de sentido possam ter para os interlocutores em um enunciado. São os elementos que constituem o pano de fundo sobre o qual transcorre a vida cotidiana e as ações constitutivas de enunciados mais elaborados. Ao longo deste trabalho são abordados vários aspectos que possibilitaram o surgimento do bullying enquanto objeto científico, no Brasil. O gradativo aumento da valoração social que recebeu possivelmente esteja ligado à crescente preocupação com a violência escolar no país, que recebeu substancial atenção no início do século XXI. Para refletir sobre as questões suscitadas optou-se pelo pensamento do Círculo Bakhtiniano, com ênfase nos conceitos de dialogismo, ideologia e enunciado concreto. São apresentadas as reflexões de Bakhtin sobre as ciências humanas, cujo objeto por excelência é o texto, ato em que o ser humano dá sentido ao mundo. Partiu-se, então, desse ponto para a apresentação do método e das primeiras considerações sobre o material levantado pelo presente estudo. Esboçou-se, ainda, o percurso histórico do signo 'bullying' no Brasil, relacionando-o com a atenção dada à violência escolar no meio acadêmico e no mercado editorial do País. Discorreu-se, também, sobre a origem da palavra 'bullying' e suas significações, além de uma crítica ao emprego de um termo estrangeiro para denominar um fenômeno cotidiano. Promoveu-se a análise sobre as definições... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Economic, political and social aspects are relevant for value that a word, an ideological sign or a meaning object can have for utterance interlocutors. Those are elements that constitutes background in which everyday life elapses and actions arise to constitute utterances. Along our work we will speak on many aspects that enabled bullying arises as a scientific object at Brazil. Gradual growing on social valuing for this comes from emerging concern about school violence on our country, what received substantial attention on XXI century. The choice that we have made for think about these questions is for Bakhtinian Circle thought. From its conceptual production we emphasize dialogism, ideology and concrete utterance. We bring Bakhtin's reflections on human sciences, for whom which object per excellence is the text, act in which human being gives meaning to the world. We have started from this point for present method and first considerations on material researched by us. We draw historical background of 'bullying' sign at Brazil, related to attention gave to school violence at academia and publishing. We have debated word 'bullying' origins and its meanings and criticized the use of a foreign word for nominate an everyday phenomenon. We bring what we analyze on 'bullying' definitions as a scientific concept, with its strengths and limitations. Texts wrote by Dan Olweus, 'bullying' concept creator, had been analyzed for understand his theory and its entrance on Brazilian acade... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

M.A. / The sexual molesting of children is a phenomenon that can definitely not be ignored. In April 1989 the Minister of Law and Order intimated in his opening address at a symposium that this phenomenon should certainly not be allowed to spread like a cancer throughout. society. In reality the' sexual molesting of children has a long history throughout many centuries. Sexual child molesting is currently prominently in the forefront since the exposure of this phenomenon in 1988. The South African Police have established Child Protection units country-wide to establish a support system with regard to combatting this phenomenon. Two aims of this study are, amongst others, specifically to determine the profile of the child molester and to determine the origin, functioning and procedure of the Child Protection unit of the South African Police. This study is primarily of an investigative nature since it is aimed at obtaining insight and gaining understanding. The study can also be defined as self-initiated research due to the researcher's interest in the phe,nomenon of child molesting as such. The most important methods followed to realize this study were that firstly a thorough literature study was conducted. Secondly, a pilot investigation was carried out by means of a structured questionnaire that was completed by members of the Child Protection unit of the South African Police in Johannesburg. Four questionnaires were completed and in such a way deficiencies could be identified and eliminated. This structured questionnaire was sent country-wide for completion by Child Protection units. Thirdly, observation through participation was applied in that the researcher entered the milieu of the Child Protection unit of the South African Police in Johannesburg. Lastly, information was continuously documented and systematized in the study.

Magister Artium (Social Work) - MA(SW) / This study aimed to gain a deeper understanding of the lived experiences of adolescents with regard to sexual harassment within the school environment. It was considered in the light of actual cases reported on the Cape Flats in the Western Cape where adolescent girls sought counselling after being sexually harassed over a period of time, and were eventually sexually assaulted on their school grounds, by their peers. A qualitative methodological approach was utilised, and the sample was made up of nine adolescent females and one adolescent male between the ages of 15 and 17 years, who were asked to participate on a voluntary basis. Their selection followed purposive sampling at two selected high schools on the Cape Flats in the Western Cape. The research instrument used was an unstructured interview with an open-ended question to allow the participant to share openly and freely. Sound ethical considerations were taken into account throughout the study. Phenomenology was used as a theoretical framework and the data was analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). The four key themes, or essence of the adolescents’ lived experiences, that emerged for the study were: (1) boys don’t respect girls’ sexuality, (2) boys demonstrate power over girls, (3) girls who are sexually harassed at school are publicly humiliated, (4) reporting procedures at schools are inadequate. From the themes I concluded that for the girls, key principles relating to human rights within the South African Constitution were being violated; namely, the right to non-discrimination, the right to human dignity and the right to a safe school environment. Recommendations were made that address the role of the national and regional education departments as well as that of social workers.

Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Education (Educational Psychology) in the Department of Educational Psychology & Special Education Faculty of Education at the University of Zululand, South Africa, 2012. / Cyberbullying is a new form of bullying and harassment that is also referred to as electronic or online bullying. It may involve the following: sending mean, vulgar or threatening messages or images, posting sensitive or private information online, pretending to be someone else online in order to make a person look bad or intentionally exclude a person from an online group. Viewed as covert psychological bullying conveyed through electronic means it has been identified as the most problematic form of emerging cruelty among adolescents in schools. Existing research studies on cyberbullying suggests that it is increasing at a phenomenal rate and it is not clear whether online perpetrators and victims possess the same characteristic behaviours and psychosocial profiles as their traditional bullying counterparts. However in South Africa there is a paucity of research. The present study seeks to examine the behavioural and psychosocial factors associated with cyberbullying among Grade 8 to 10 learners, in a cross-section of schools, in KwaZulu-Natal. The purpose of the research was to determine: the prevalence of cyberbullying; the relationship between age, gender, rural and urban dichotomy and socioeconomic status of victims and perpetrators of cyberbullying; school personnel’s management of cyberbullying; and the relationship between psychosocial factors and behavioural characteristics and cyberbullying. Two questionnaires were used. The first was a 3-part psychosocial questionnaire and the other a cyberbullying questionnaire (Riebel, Jager, & Fischer, 2008). The data from this study confirms that cyberbullying is prevalent in various forms, in secondary schools, in KwaZulu-Natal. The total sample was N=450. Of which 199 (44.22%) reported that they were victims or perpetrators of cyberbullying. There were 127 (28.22%) who identified themselves as victims and 72 (16.0 %) admitted to be perpetrators. The most frequent form of cyberbullying experienced was rumours and slander using the internet or cellular phone. The electronic communication preferences of participants were: instant messaging (50%); 47% used social networking; about 44% used chatrooms and 32% used email. Females spent more time in chatrooms and sent more instant messages than the males. The results show that friends and fellow learners were responsible for the cyberbullying most frequently. The victims rarely choose to reveal that they were cyberbullied to their teachers. Participants chose their friends as the primary person to talk to about their victimisation while the secondary person was their parents. Teachers were the last person of choice to seek help. Comparison of victims, non-victims, perpetrators and non-perpetrators of cyberbullying on the Life Satisfaction Scale (LSS), indicated that victims of cyberbullying were the most dissatisfied group (9.83%) while perpetrators reported high satisfaction. There was a significant difference between victims and non-victims on their performance on the psychological well-being scale and this was also the case for perpetrators and nonperpetrators of cyberbullying. Victims did not like themselves; expressed a poor sense of self, low self-esteem and lack of self-confidence and had more negative self-perceptions which affected their psychological well-being. They expressed feeling of helplessness, loneliness, sadness, despair, anger, and self loathing. Perpetrators also had strong feelings of worthlessness, guilt, sadness and hopelessness. They were tearful and expressed a loss of interest in daily activities, experienced difficulty cThe behavioural characteristics described by the groups showed considerable variations. Victims of cyberbullying rated themselves highest on being serious and they rated themselves lower on being friendly, emotional, stubborn and happy. Perpetrators of cyberbullying rated themselves highest on being aggressive, nervous, stubborn, happy, awkward and sad. Victims and perpetrators had experienced more difficulty learning to read and were in trouble more often in school than the non-victims and non-perpetrators. Cyberbullying is prevalent in South African secondary schools, among Grade 8, Grade 9 and Grade 10 learners and occurs among males and females, from rich and poor backgrounds, rural and urban areas irrespective of racial and ethnic backgrounds. Implications of these results are discussed with special focus on intervention and management of cyberbullying concentrating on school work and expressed a lack of enthusiasm and motivation.

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