Disproportionately high numbers of Black people use mental health services and experience involuntary treatment in the UK. There is no simple explanation, but research and policy suggest that groups run by and for Black people with mental health problems provide valued support. This study asks how community development (CD) practice can help these groups to develop and thrive. The research adopted an action research framework to develop four cycles of research, each informing the next, within a social constructivist paradigm. Methods were mainly qualitative: interviews, group discussions and observation, with a questionnaire survey in cycle one. This asked CD practitioners about their activities and helped to identify two groups for case studies in cycles two and three. During the case studies, groups received development support on their chosen topic while participating in qualitative research; activities were clearly demarcated. Reflective field notes added to the data. In the fourth cycle reflective conversations with eminent ‘critical friends’ refined and affirmed the learning. Thematic analysis was continuous and progressive. Findings suggest that CD practitioners can inspire and help Black people with mental health problems to come together in member-led, mutually supportive groups, justifying Black-only membership. Effective practitioners, especially Black role models, helped groups to generate self-belief and self-efficacy through collective action, enabling members to change their status, services and community. Those practitioners who demonstrated critical humility, commitment and competence broke the pattern of racial and psychiatric dominance. Others inadvertently reinforced societal oppression. A new concept is introduced to encapsulate the learning: the ‘liberation approach’ to CD which synthesises four perspectives: radical CD, mental health recovery, Black self-help and liberation theories. This approach helps groups to challenge oppressive processes, breaking the mould in which they feel constrained. The study contributes new theory, evidence and research methodology about CD and self-organising groups within this context.

Drawing on ethnographic and visual anthropological data, this dissertation explores the anticipated and unanticipated effects of youth-targeted health and development programmes in rural Malawi. Contemporary development programmes are anticipatory in nature: they are focused on managing health, behaviour, education and social relations today in ways that are believed to open opportunities for some distant and better future. Working with rural youth who “just stay,” an idiom youth use to describe their “failure” to make progress towards desired futures, I show how discourses and ideals espoused in anticipatory programmes including human rights, education, gender and love are slippery concepts. As they percolate through this particular social, political, historical and demographic context and into the imaginaries of young people, these discourses often become something new and unexpected. In particular I show how: i) a discursive elision occurs between the rights discourse and other markers of modernity and youth take up their “right” to wear modern clothing and drink commercial alcohol, ii) selfish behaviours including alcoholism and womanising surface in boys’ self-constructions as innate tendencies rather than part of a socially produced and constantly shifting construction of masculinity, iii) audit cultures, critical to the operation of anticipatory programmes, reduce gender equality to something “countable,” which, in turn, alters programme activities, leads to performances by participants and filters into youth subjectivities, and iv) discourses on modern and “healthy” loves, free from HIV/AIDS, lead to re-arrangements in romantic relations and friendships that provide new and positive opportunities for women not always available in customary marriages. By privileging the future over the present and the past, programmes overlook numerous structural barriers to improving the lives of the youth who “just stay.” I argue that the unanticipated effects of these programmes constitute and give rise to several invisible forms of violence. On the other hand, however, some effects are generative of new and positive subjectivities and relationships that are egregiously overlooked by programmes. This ignorance prevents programmes from building upon positive effects to generate desired change and sometimes even undermines their own stated goals.

Drawing on ethnographic and visual anthropological data, this dissertation explores the anticipated and unanticipated effects of youth-targeted health and development programmes in rural Malawi. Contemporary development programmes are anticipatory in nature: they are focused on managing health, behaviour, education and social relations today in ways that are believed to open opportunities for some distant and better future. Working with rural youth who “just stay,” an idiom youth use to describe their “failure” to make progress towards desired futures, I show how discourses and ideals espoused in anticipatory programmes including human rights, education, gender and love are slippery concepts. As they percolate through this particular social, political, historical and demographic context and into the imaginaries of young people, these discourses often become something new and unexpected. In particular I show how: i) a discursive elision occurs between the rights discourse and other markers of modernity and youth take up their “right” to wear modern clothing and drink commercial alcohol, ii) selfish behaviours including alcoholism and womanising surface in boys’ self-constructions as innate tendencies rather than part of a socially produced and constantly shifting construction of masculinity, iii) audit cultures, critical to the operation of anticipatory programmes, reduce gender equality to something “countable,” which, in turn, alters programme activities, leads to performances by participants and filters into youth subjectivities, and iv) discourses on modern and “healthy” loves, free from HIV/AIDS, lead to re-arrangements in romantic relations and friendships that provide new and positive opportunities for women not always available in customary marriages. By privileging the future over the present and the past, programmes overlook numerous structural barriers to improving the lives of the youth who “just stay.” I argue that the unanticipated effects of these programmes constitute and give rise to several invisible forms of violence. On the other hand, however, some effects are generative of new and positive subjectivities and relationships that are egregiously overlooked by programmes. This ignorance prevents programmes from building upon positive effects to generate desired change and sometimes even undermines their own stated goals.

Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Western Sydney, 2002. / "A doctoral thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury" Bibliography : p. 306-317.

Thesis (M. Ed. (Education))--Rhodes University, 2006. / Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Education (Environmental Education).

Submitted by Noeme Timbo (noeme.timbo@metodista.br) on 2017-11-22T15:58:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Sueli Ferraz.pdf: 1593845 bytes, checksum: 72082c3379f66bcaac4f4d5dd6ea1c2d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-22T15:58:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sueli Ferraz.pdf: 1593845 bytes, checksum: 72082c3379f66bcaac4f4d5dd6ea1c2d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-01-27 / The business environment has been even more competitive and demanding throughout time. Demands have to be fulfilled faster and faster. The quality of results can be measured by observing the connection between goals and indicators, which can show a tendency that defines the achievement of the company’s goals The increased competitiveness of companies and employees can lead them to a constant and permanent pressure that raises the stress levels in the organization and makes workers more suscetible to diseases.The aim of this research is to identify which resilient behaviors are common among specialist employees of a company. The people who behave in a resilient way are usually more resistant to the work-related pressure and more able to balance personal lives and professional development, while the ones who are less resilient constanly get sick and have a high number of absences at work. It can lead them to low performance and slower career development. According to some authors, resilience can be developed, so, how can we develop a resilient profile on these professionals which allows them to achieve better levels of health and well-being? This paper aims on analyzing the resilience on 17 specialists of a multinational company through QuestResiliencia (Barbosa, 2006). The methodology used is descriptive and exploratory. The tool allowed us to map the resilient behavior beliefs and describe how the answers organize the beliefs patterns while facing stress. The common beliefs are self-confidence, empathy, self-control, optimism, meaning of life, body language, conquering and mantaining / O mundo das organizações está cada vez mais competitivo e exigente. As entregas precisam ser realizadas em tempo menor. A qualidade dos resultados é medida através da observação da relação entre metas e indicadores; estes indicam uma tendência que definirá o atingimento das metas estabelecidas pela empresa. A alta competitividade entre empresas e seus indivíduos levam os recursos humanos à uma situação constante e permanente de pressão, elevando os níveis de estresse no ambiente organizacional, aumentando com isso, a probabilidade desses indivíduos adoecerem. Esta pesquisa pretende identificar quais comportamentos resilientes trabalhadores especialistas de uma empresa possuem. O individuo que possui comportamentos resilientes tem maior resistência às pressões sofridas no dia a dia de trabalho, favorecendo um melhor equilíbrio entre sua saúde física e psicológica e desenvolvimento profissional. Por outro lado, encontramos indivíduos menos resistentes que adoecem frequentemente, provocando altos índices de afastamento do trabalho, gerando demora ou impossibilidade de desenvolvimento profissional. De acordo com alguns autores, a resiliência pode ser desenvolvida; sendo assim, surge a questão: como podemos desenvolver nestes indivíduos um perfil resiliente que permita melhores níveis de saúde e bem estar. Tem este trabalho o objetivo de observar a resiliência em 17 funcionários com cargo de especialista, em diversas áreas de uma empresa multinacional de grande porte, através da aplicação do QuestResiliencia, (Barbosa, 2006). A metodologia utilizada é de cunho exploratório e descritivo. O instrumento utilizado permitiu realizar o mapeamento das crenças que organizam o comportamento resiliente e apresentou como o(a) respondente estrutura os Padrões de crenças face ao estresse. Os resultados revelaram que são eles: autoconfiança, empatia, autocontrole, otimismo para com a vida, sentido da vida, leitura corporal, conquistar e manter pessoas.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / Health system in Sub-Saharan in Africa face multifaceted capacity challenges to fulfil their mandates of service provision and governance of their resources. Wide-ranging capacity development interventions exist to address these limitations. however, failure to take into account complexity into planning and implementation in the practice and research of these capacity development intervention predominate , hindering understanding and learning, and resulting in poor implementation or lack of sustainability of the capacity gains.

A prestação de serviços na área da saúde apresenta uma demanda por novas tecnologias. Os fisioterapeutas utilizam desde equipamentos mais simples aos mais complexos para auxiliar na elaboração do diagnóstico cinético funcional, na prescrição, planejamento, ordenação, análise, supervisão e avaliação das atividades fisioterapêuticas dos clientes. Considerando a importância da articulação do cotovelo para as atividades de vida diárias dos indivíduos, bem como a complexa reabilitação das articulações do cotovelo e radioulnares, que requerem intervenção precoce para evitar a rigidez articular, a perda de amplitude de movimento e de força; foi identificada a necessidade de desenvolver um equipamento inovador para a reabilitação do cotovelo e antebraço. Assim, essa tese tem como objetivo geral desenvolver um equipamento inovador para a reabilitação do cotovelo e antebraço. Os objetivos específicos são: (i) analisar os estudos científicos e patentes que abordam o desenvolvimento de equipamentos de Movimentação Passiva Contínua para a reabilitação do cotovelo e antebraço; (ii) realizar a análise funcional e operacional de equipamentos para a reabilitação do cotovelo a antebraço disponíveis no mercado; (iii) identificar os requisitos dos stakeholders da cadeia de valor do produto para o desenvolvimento de um equipamento inovador para a reabilitação do cotovelo e antebraço; (iv) desenvolver o módulo de vibração muscular localizada do equipamento inovador para a reabilitação do cotovelo e antebraço; (v) desenvolver o módulo de Movimentação Passiva Contínua do equipamento inovador para a reabilitação do cotovelo e antebraço; (vi) avaliar a utilização do equipamento inovador para a reabilitação do cotovelo e antebraço em seres humanos. Para atingir os objetivos desta tese foram utilizadas metodologias e ferramentas para a gestão do processo de desenvolvimento de produtos, bem como testes experimentais dos protótipos funcionais com seres humanos. Os resultados envolvem a obtenção de conhecimento científico acerca do tema do desenvolvimento de equipamentos inovadores para a área da saúde, bem como o protótipo funcional de um equipamento inovador para a reabilitação do cotovelo e antebraço, apresentados na forma de seis estudos científicos. / The healthcare service rendering requests new technologies. Physical therapists use equipments from the simplest to the most complex to assist in the developing of functional kinetic diagnosis, prescription, planning, managing, analyzing, monitoring and evaluation of customers’ therapy activities. A need of developing a novel equipment for the elbow and forearm rehabilitation came from the importance of the elbow joint for the daily living activities of people and the complex rehabilitation of elbow and radioulnar joints. These joints require early intervention to prevent joint stiffness, loss of range of motion and strength. Based on this context, the general goal of this PhD thesis is to develop a novel device for elbow and forearm rehabilitation. The specific goals are: (i) analyze the scientific studies and patents about the development of Continuous Passive Motion devices for the elbow and forearm rehabilitation; (ii) analyze functional and operationally the devices for the elbow and forearm rehabilitation which are available in the market; (iii) identify the stakeholder requirements of the device value chain to develop a novel device for the elbow and forearm rehabilitation; (iv) develop the local muscle vibration module of the novel device for the elbow and forearm rehabilitation; (v) develop the Continuous Passive Motion module of the novel device for the elbow and forearm rehabilitation; (vi) evaluate the use of the novel device for the elbow and forearm rehabilitation on human subjects. Management product development process methodogies and tools, as well as experimental tests of the functional prototypes on human subjects were used to achieve the thesis goals. The results include the generation of scientific knowledge about the development of new devices for the health area, as well as a functional prototype of the novel equipment for the elbow and forearm rehabilitation presented as six scientific studies.