Thesis (M.Soc.Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1987. / Also available in print.

No description available.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2001Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:39:16Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 rojas_shcc_me_botfm.pdf: 1039607 bytes, checksum: 03a6caacad8a446e4a4d342f7f218551 (MD5) / A partir de dados de fontes secundárias, foi possível caracterizar a participação da mulher na vida econômica e social do município de Marília/SP, no período 1970-1991 e estudar a sua situação de saúde considerando a mortalidade na década de 80 (1980-1991). As mulheres incorporaram-se no mercado de trabalho pelo setor secundário da economia, indústria de transformação, com um crescimento igual a 257,4%, uma renda média mensal de um a dois salários mínimos e, apesar de as mulheres sem escolaridade predominarem, houve um incremento significativo na escolaridade delas. A participação da mulher como chefe de família cresceu no período estudado. As mulheres, com 60 anos e mais, apresentaram a maior concentração de óbito. As principais causas foram: doenças do aparelho circulatório; neoplasmas; sinais, sintomas e afecções mal definidas; doenças do aparelho respiratório; causas externas; doenças das glândulas endócrinas, da nutrição e do metabolismo e transtornos imunitários. O coeficiente padronizado de mortalidade de mulheres com 10 anos e mais de idade, reduziu- se, passando de 6,2 para 5,4 óbitos/mil mulheres, no entanto observamos que o risco de morrer das mulheres “sem instrução” foi ao redor de 25 vezes maior que o do grupo de “maior escolaridade”, o que traduz a imensa desigualdade de saúde e sobrevida resultante da desigualdade social. Mas, as mulheres com “1o. grau” ou “média escolaridade” apresentaram, na década em estudo, maior aumento do risco de morrer, provavelmente, pela “tríplice jornada” que assumiram, sem contar com um equipamento social de apoio que pudesse atender às suas necessidades familiares (cuidado dos filhos) e pessoais (cuidado da saúde) / From data of secondary sources, it was possible to characterize the participation of the woman in the economy and social life of the city of Marilia- SP, in period 1970 - 1991 and to study its situation of health considering the mortality on the 80´s decade (1980 – 1991). The women had incorporated themselves in the market of work for the secondary sector of the economy, hashing industry, with a growth of 257,4%, a monthly average income of one or two minimum wages and, although the women without scholarship predominate, had a significant increment in the their scholarship. The participation of the woman as a family head grew in the studied period. The women, with 60 years and more, had presented the biggest concentration of death. The main causes had been: illnesses of the circulatory device, neoplasm’s, signs and badly definite afecções, external illnesses of the respiratory device, causes, illnesses of the endocrine glands, the nutrition and the immune metabolism and upheavals. The standardized coefficient of mortality of women with 10 years and more than age, was scrum bled passing of 6.2 to 5.4 death/thousand women, however observes that the risk to die of the women “without instruction” was around of 25 times bigger that of the group of “bigger scholarship”, what it translates the immense unequality of resultant supervened health and of the social unequality. But, the women with “1º degree” or “average scholarship” had presented, in the decade of study, greater increase of the risk to die, probably, for the “triple journey” that had assumed, without counting on a social equipment of bracket that could take care to its familiar necessities (well taken-care of the children) and staffs (well taken-care of the health)

Orientador: Luiz Roberto de Oliveira / Resumo: A partir de dados de fontes secundárias, foi possível caracterizar a participação da mulher na vida econômica e social do município de Marília/SP, no período 1970-1991 e estudar a sua situação de saúde considerando a mortalidade na década de 80 (1980-1991). As mulheres incorporaram-se no mercado de trabalho pelo setor secundário da economia, indústria de transformação, com um crescimento igual a 257,4%, uma renda média mensal de um a dois salários mínimos e, apesar de as mulheres sem escolaridade predominarem, houve um incremento significativo na escolaridade delas. A participação da mulher como chefe de família cresceu no período estudado. As mulheres, com 60 anos e mais, apresentaram a maior concentração de óbito. As principais causas foram: doenças do aparelho circulatório; neoplasmas; sinais, sintomas e afecções mal definidas; doenças do aparelho respiratório; causas externas; doenças das glândulas endócrinas, da nutrição e do metabolismo e transtornos imunitários. O coeficiente padronizado de mortalidade de mulheres com 10 anos e mais de idade, reduziu- se, passando de 6,2 para 5,4 óbitos/mil mulheres, no entanto observamos que o risco de morrer das mulheres "sem instrução" foi ao redor de 25 vezes maior que o do grupo de "maior escolaridade", o que traduz a imensa desigualdade de saúde e sobrevida resultante da desigualdade social. Mas, as mulheres com "1o. grau" ou "média escolaridade" apresentaram, na década em estudo, maior aumento do risco de morrer, provavelmente, pela "tríplice jornada" que assumiram, sem contar com um equipamento social de apoio que pudesse atender às suas necessidades familiares (cuidado dos filhos) e pessoais (cuidado da saúde) / Abstract: From data of secondary sources, it was possible to characterize the participation of the woman in the economy and social life of the city of Marilia- SP, in period 1970 - 1991 and to study its situation of health considering the mortality on the 80's decade (1980 - 1991). The women had incorporated themselves in the market of work for the secondary sector of the economy, hashing industry, with a growth of 257,4%, a monthly average income of one or two minimum wages and, although the women without scholarship predominate, had a significant increment in the their scholarship. The participation of the woman as a family head grew in the studied period. The women, with 60 years and more, had presented the biggest concentration of death. The main causes had been: illnesses of the circulatory device, neoplasm's, signs and badly definite afecções, external illnesses of the respiratory device, causes, illnesses of the endocrine glands, the nutrition and the immune metabolism and upheavals. The standardized coefficient of mortality of women with 10 years and more than age, was scrum bled passing of 6.2 to 5.4 death/thousand women, however observes that the risk to die of the women "without instruction" was around of 25 times bigger that of the group of "bigger scholarship", what it translates the immense unequality of resultant supervened health and of the social unequality. But, the women with "1º degree" or "average scholarship" had presented, in the decade of study, greater increase of the risk to die, probably, for the "triple journey" that had assumed, without counting on a social equipment of bracket that could take care to its familiar necessities (well taken-care of the children) and staffs (well taken-care of the health) / Mestre

There were two main objectives of this thesis. First, given that personality traits have been linked to a number of diabetes risk factors and precursors such as lifestyle and the metabolic syndrome, our aim is to explore whether personality traits are associated with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Second, we aim to investigate several potential mechanisms by which personality could influence diabetes, and other health outcomes such as cardiovascular disease and mortality. Chapter 1 provides an introductory overview of the history of personality-health research, and discusses strengths and limitations of different methodological frameworks. Chapters 2-4 focus on the associations between personality and diabetes. Two studies described in Chapter 2 examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between personality and type 1 and type 2 diabetes. We used a large national sample with ten years of follow-up. We detected positive associations between openness and neuroticism and type 1 diabetes prevalence, and negative associations between neuroticism and type 2 diabetes incidence. In Chapter 3, we examine relationships between personality and type 2 diabetes incidence using aggregated personality and diabetes data on a level of the U.S. counties and states. In a six-years follow-up study, we found no evidence that mean levels of personality traits were associated with diabetes incidence in the U.S. states. In the following chapter we explore whether a possible mechanism by which personality may influence diabetes is by moderating the expression of its genetic risk. The study described in Chapter 4 looks at interactions between personality domains and facets with polygenic risk score for type 2 diabetes in predicting glycated haemoglobin levels using a large community-dwelling sample. This study found a negative phenotypic correlation between openness and glycated haemoglobin levels, though this association was confounded by cognitive ability. Moreover, genetic risk for diabetes was more strongly associated with glycated haemoglobin levels in people with lower levels of either agreeableness or conscientiousness. In Chapter 5 we move away from diabetes to discuss previously reported contradictory results regarding the effects neuroticism has on mortality. Some of the previous studies reported higher neuroticism being associated with higher risk of mortality, whereas some reported that higher neuroticism was associated with lower risk of death. We tested whether the sign of the neuroticism effect was a function of the covariates included in the models. In a national sample with ten years of follow-up we found that neuroticism was a risk factor for death in the models that did not include objective and self-rated health variables. However, when these variables were included, neuroticism was related to lower risk of death. In the last empirical chapter, Chapter 6, we explore whether autonomic nervous system activity is a biomarker for personality traits. The first study tests whether openness is associated with measures of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system activation. We find that openness was associated with sympathetic nervous system activity under baseline but not in the stress conditions, and that it was not associated with measures of parasympathetic activation. The second study describes a model of associations between neuroticism and autonomic nervous system activation, while controlling for cardiovascular disease and depression and their mutual associations. We found that neuroticism has independent contributions to all measures of autonomic nervous system activity, and to heart disease, even when controlling for relevant clinical variables. Thus, autonomic nervous system activity may explain in part observed links between personality, and heart disease and mortality. Finally, in Chapter 7 we summarize the findings presented in the five empirical chapters, discuss the limitations of the current method, and offer suggestions for future research in the field.

This diploma thesis sets up two main aims: the first one is based on evaluation of mortality trends in European states using indicator life expectancy at birth and infant mortality rate. Development of age structure, indicators of demographic ageing and main causes of death is analyzed more in detail for five European states, Sweden, France, Italy, Czech Republic and Latvia. Second aim of this thesis is to describe differences of health status in Europe using descriptive statistics and cluster analysis. In this part of the thesis the differences among European states are evaluated using: health expectancy by self- perceived health, health expectancy by chronic morbidity and health expectancy based on disability. All variables are analyzed at age 65 and more and 80 and more. Conclusion of this thesis answers the question, if the Europe is, after more than twenty years, still divided from the perspective of mortality and health patterns between West Europe and former Eastern Bloc countries. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Thesis (M.A. (Population and Reproductive Health Research))--Mahidol University, 2006. / LICL has E-Thesis 0017 ; please contact computer services.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-06-06T12:41:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 diogovictorgoncalvesmancini.pdf: 2734719 bytes, checksum: c60aa7fa383524e33667afd84cf65ee3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-07-02T13:26:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 diogovictorgoncalvesmancini.pdf: 2734719 bytes, checksum: c60aa7fa383524e33667afd84cf65ee3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-02T13:26:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 diogovictorgoncalvesmancini.pdf: 2734719 bytes, checksum: c60aa7fa383524e33667afd84cf65ee3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-26 / FAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais / O câncer de mama é o mais frequente na população feminina mundial e brasileira. No Brasil a estimativa é de aproximadamente 57.120 mil novos casos para 2014. Objetivos: analisar a mortalidade e o fluxo dos óbitos por câncer de mama nas microrregiões de saúde no estado de Minas Gerais, no período de 2008 a 2012, considerando a oferta de serviços especializados em assistência oncológica. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo ecológico que utilizou os dados de mortalidade (SIM), demográficos (IBGE) e dos estabelecimentos de saúde (CNES). Os óbitos foram corrigidos por causas mal definidas e posteriormente efetuou-se o cálculo das taxas de mortalidade por câncer de mama padronizadas pela população padrão mundial, para o estado de Minas Gerais e suas 77 microrregiões. Os óbitos foram analisados considerando o município de residência e o município de ocorrência sendo construídos os mapas de fluxos que permitem visualizar as distâncias percorridas. Utilizou-se os softwares TABWIN, Terraview, Geoda e Microsoft Excel. Resultados: Foram identificados 5885 óbitos por câncer de mama feminina em Minas Gerais resultando em uma taxa de mortalidade padronizada de 10,3 por 100.000 mulheres. As microrregiões que apresentaram as maiores taxas foram Além Paraíba (17,0/100.000), Belo Horizonte/Nova Lima/Caeté (13,6/100.000) e Juiz de Fora/Lima Duarte/Bom Jardim(13,4/100.000). As menores taxas foram encontradas em Brasília de Minas (2,9/100.000), Pedra Azul (3,3/100.000) e Padre Paraíso (3,3/100.000). A análise do fluxo dos óbitos aponta que os municípios que receberam maior número de pacientes externos foram: Belo Horizonte, Ipatinga, Muriaé, Juiz de Fora e Montes Claros, sendo que 20% dos pacientes percorreram distancias superiores a 150 Km em busca de assistência. / Breast cancer is the most common in the world and Brazilian women. In Brazil, the estimate is approximately 57.12 million new cases in 2014. Objectives: to analyze the mortality and the flow of deaths from breast cancer in health micro-regions in the state of Minas Gerais, from 2008 to 2012, considering the provision of services specialized in cancer care. Methods: This was an ecological study using mortality data (SIM), demographics (IBGE) and health facilities (CNES). Deaths were corrected by ill-defined causes and later made the calculation of mortality rates from breast cancer standardized by the standard world population for the state of Minas Gerais and its 77 micro-regions. Deaths were analyzed in the municipality of residence and the occurrence of the municipality being built maps flows that allow viewing distances. We used the TABWIN software, Terraview, geoda and Microsoft Excel. Results: We identified 5885 deaths from female breast cancer in Minas Gerais resulting in standardized mortality rate of 10.3 per 100,000 women. The regions with the highest rates were Alem Paraíba (17.0 / 100,000), Belo Horizonte / Nova Lima / Caeté (13.6 / 100,000) and Juiz de Fora / Lima Duarte / Bom Jardim (13.4 / 100,000). The lowest rates were found in Brasília de Minas (2.9 / 100,000), Pedra Azul (3.3 / 100,000) and Padre Paraíso (3.3 / 100,000). The analysis of the flow of deaths shows that the municipalities that received the most number of outpatients were: Belo Horizonte, Ipatinga, Muriaé, Juiz de Fora and Montes Claros, and 20% of patients traveled higher distances of 150 km for assistance.

Mortality in the Czech countries in the years 1920-1937 with emphasis on selected infectious diseases Abstract The aim of this work is to analyze mortality rates in the czech countries in the years 1920-1937. We focus on a group of infectious diseases that had in this period in terms of cause of death still a high proportion. The rate of mortality due to infectious diseases is dependent on many aspects, such as the correct detection of the disease, effective vaccines and the level of medicine. It is these causes that brought about the sharp decline in mortality due to infectious diseases in the late 19th century. Hovewer, the First World War interupted this permanent decline and the newly created Czechoslovak state had to deal with relatively high mortality due to these diseases. The inter-war period saw recurrent epidemies of infectious deseases, nevertheless until the Second World War we can see the change in mortality due to causes. The infectious diseases are gradually replaced by modern diseases, especially cancers and diseases of the circulatory system. Key words: mortality, causes of death, infectious diseases, decomposition, classification of causes of death, medical discoveries, the level of health