Les activités liées au développement d’objets connectés munis d’intelligence embarquée ont connu un essor considérable ces dernières années, en particulier pour les applications médicales. Dans ce contexte, une course effrénée s’est engagée entre les pionniers de l’IoT afin d’offrir des produits toujours plus performants. Smartphones, bracelets ou textile intelligent, tous intègrent un panel de capteurs multifonctionnels. Il est envisageable alors d’implémenter dans ces produits des solutions permettant de mesurer les signaux physiologiques en continu. En effet, ces signaux émis par le corps humain représentent une source riche d’informations que peut exploiter le corps médical pour le diagnostic ou la prévention d’une pathologie. Les maladies cardiovasculaires, étant la première cause de mortalité dans le monde, le diagnostic précoce de ces maladies est important et des solutions peuvent être apportées par les nouvelles technologies. Ainsi, les pathologies liées aux troubles du rythme cardiaque peuvent être décelées par une analyse inter-battements cardiaques en continu. En effet, l’analyse de la variabilité de la fréquence cardiaque représente un indicateur pertinent sur le fonctionnement cardiovasculaire. Or, cette pertinence dépend en grande partie de l’intelligibilité de l’information mesurée. La pertinence des algorithmes utilisés n’ayant pas été étudiée dans la littérature en fonction du niveau de bruit, la détection des battements cardiaques constitue donc un défi de taille lorsque celle-ci est effectuée en environnement non-maitrisé à partir de dispositifs embarqués et ce travail de thèse a essayé d’apporter des réponses concrètes à cette problématique. / Activities related to the development of connected objects with on-board intelligence have undergone considerable growth in recent years, especially for medical applications. In this context, a frantic race has begun between the pioneers of the IoT in order to offer ever moreefficient and intelligent products. Smartphones, wristbands or smart textiles all incorporate a panel of multifunctional sensors. According to the predictions of the Allied Market Research, the annual growth rate for sensors will reach 11.3% by 2022. The vital signs emitted by thehuman body represent a rich source of information that can be exploited by the medical corps for the diagnosis or prevention of a pathology of interest. Cardiovascular disease, being the second cause of death in the world, reminds us of the importance of a rigorous diagnosis.Pathologies related to heart rhythm disorders are generally detected by cardiac cross-heartbeat analysis. The detection of these beats is one of the most important axes of research in the field of electrocardiogram treatment. Indeed, the analysis of heart rate variability is a relevantindicator of cardiovascular functioning. This relevance depends, in large part, on the intelligibility of the measured information and the signal-to-noise ratio of the parameter of interest. The detection of heartbeats is a daunting challenge when it is carried out from onboarddevices especially in noisy environments.

Interoception, the signalling, processing, and perceptual representation of the visceral organs, together with trait impulsivity are in the present study examined using the Novel Controllability task (Mancinelli et al., 2021) as individual factors in coping behavior in response to stress. The coping process is conceptualized using the model of regulatory flexibility developed by Bonanno and Burton (2013). The results based on a sample of 39 healthy adults (M = 23,64 years, 22f/17m) do not support the hypothesis that the combined UPPS-P constructs are significantly related to interoception. For the coping process, the results suggest that: Negative Urgency is related to a negative initial appraisal of the stressor context leading to coping rigidity, by limiting the repertoire of strategies and the dynamic function of feedback; Positive Urgency is related to a larger dependency on emotions to guide decision making, motivating a “trial-and-error” coping approach; Sensation Seeking is related with an opposing style of emotion-focused coping where diminished threat perception and reduced sensitivity towards stimulus valence motivate a risk-taking approach, likely to pursue stimulation; Lack of Premeditation, the only facet of impulsivity convincingly related to interoception, is speculated to be associated with a dysregulation of interoceptive afferents facilitating a “here-and-now” attentional and coping focus. Despite lacking full support, the potential involvement of interoception as an internal stressor is discussed as a mediator in impulsive behavior, alongside general methodological issues with measuring interoception.