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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Uso de modelos de predição para indice de refração, temperatura de transição vitrea, comprimento e densidade de reticulação em copolimeros fotocuraveis

Trochmann, Jose Luiz Lino 26 June 2000 (has links)
Orientador: Edison Bittencourt / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Quimica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T10:14:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Trochmann_JoseLuizLino_M.pdf: 3861994 bytes, checksum: 5b3f668441856f2e55953e941160192b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2000 / Resumo: Existem fortes demandas por novos materiais poliméricos para lentes oftálmicas, com melhores propriedades físicas e menores custos. As resinas de policarbonatos são de longe as mais utilizadas comercialmente, porém apresentam baixo índice de refração, resistência ao calor e ao impacto. Alternativas aos policarbonatos são necessárias. A compatibílização das especificações de resistência ao calor e de resistência ao impacto é um dos maiores desafios na obtenção destas resinas. Neste trabalho investigou-se o uso de modelos de predição de propriedades físicas, como ferramenta no desenvolvimento de resinas ópticas. Foram estudadas as copolimerizações altemada e em bloco do estireno com di - metacrilatos do etileno glicol. Fazendo uso de modelos e com as especificações de: massa específica P I índice de refração n20o, temperatura de transição vítrea Tg, módulo de cisalhamento G, resistência ao calor e ao impacto foram selecionados os agentes de reticulação, que atendiam a todas especificações ao mesmo tempo. Foram estimadas as frações de alimentação dos agentes de reticulação da mistura reacional. O processo de cura escolhido foi o fotoquímico, por ser mais rápido e de menor custo que os processos de cura termoquímica convencionais. Diversos tipos e concentrações de fotoiniciadores foram testados. Os índices de refração foram medidos em refratômetro de Abbe e comparados com os valores previstos pelo modelo de Lorentz Lorenz. As temperaturas de transição vítrea foram medidas por análise termo e foto calorimétrica, DPC / Abstract: There is a large demand form new polymeric material for use in ophthalmic lens with improved physical properties and lower costs. The polycarbonates resins are by far the most used in the industry. To meet the heat and strength resistance specífications at the same time is one of the most challenges in the development of those resins. There is a large demand form new polymeric material for use in ophthalmic lens with improved physical properties and lower costs. The polycarbonates resins are by far the most used in the industry. To meet the heat and strength resistance specífications at the same time is one of the most challenges in the development of those resins. The photochemical process was elected due to the simplicity and general lower costs compared with the conventional thermochemical processo Several different photoinitiators and concentrations were tested. The refractive index of comonomers separately, cured and uncured resins were measured in an Abbe's refratometer and compared with the data trom the Lorentz - Lorenz prediction model. The glass transition temperature of cured resins were measured using the thermo - calorimetric techniques analyses, DSC-DPC, and compared with data from the van Krevelen's prediction model, for addictive contribution groups. The shear moduli of cured resins were measured with DMA and compared with data trom Treloar - Smith's prediction model, for the respective crosslinking density and length. The formulations selected by using the models, were casting and UV - irradiated with several different UV-light and dark period ratios at constant temperature. Samples were take at predefined curing times for analysis of: conversion, Shore "D" hardness, refractive index, glass transition temperature, shear modulus, softening temperature, strength resistance, heat resistance and visual inspection for defects. The deviation between lhe predicted density data and measured values was about + 1.5%. lhat can be considered a good approximation; for the refractive indexdeviation was about +0,4% Ihat is an excellent approximation; . the glass transition temperature deviations were around +5%. Ihat is also excellent approximation considering the nature of Ihis physical property and finally for lhe shear modulus deviation were between + 1 O a 20% for the less rich in di- melhaaylates, 0.33 til! 0.5. Above those values the model showed a much larger deviation due to lhe entropy elasticity associated to the thennal movements of the bridged segments of the crosslinking agents in the network / Mestrado / Ciencia e Tecnologia de Materiais / Mestre em Engenharia Química

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