This report describes an algorithm for computing 3D object hierarchies fit for hlod optimization. The algorithm is used as a pre-processing stage in an hlod pipeline that automatically optimizes 3D models containing multiple meshes. The algorithm for generating hierarchies groups together meshes in a hierarchical tree using operations on bounding spheres of the meshes. The algorithm prioritizes grouping close objects together in the early stages, and relaxes its constraints toward the end, resulting in a tree structure with a single root node. The hierarchical tree is then used by computing proxy meshes, i.e. simplified stand-in meshes, for the inner nodes of the hierarchy. Finally, the resulting proxy meshes, together with the generated hierarchy and the original meshes, are used to render the model using a tree-traversing hlod switching algorithm that renders deeper parts of the tree containing more detailed meshes when more detail is needed. In addition, a minor change to the clustering algorithm is proposed. By swapping the bounding spheres to AABBs (Axis-Aligned Bounding Boxes) in the clustering stage, hierarchies with different properties are generated. This change is shown to generate hierarchies with similar rendering performance as the hierarchies made with bounding spheres, while at the same time resulting in lower space requirements for all proxy meshes. Overall, the proposed automatic hlod pipeline is shown to increase rendering performance for all evaluated scenes in most frames, while never yielding noticeably worse performance than the original model as well.

The study population consisted of 41 institutions from 9 categories which were military, public or private hospital, public or private school, governmental agency, public-operated service industry, public-operated manufacturing industry, privately operated financial service industry, privately operated service industry, privately operated high tech manufacturing industry and privately operated traditional manufacturing industry. The survey started on December 21st2007 and continued until January 11th 2008.We totally sent out 2,133 questionnaires, returned 1,940 questionnaires, the returns-ratio reached 91.0%, eliminated invalid questionnaires were 50, the effective questionnaires were 1,890,effective questionnaires returns-ratio was 88.6%. Data was analyzed by using descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, exploring factor analysis and level linear model. The major results of this study are as following: 1.Machiavellianism of organizational members has a significant effect on perceptions of organizational politics. 2.Positive affect of organizational members has a significant effect on perceptions of organizational politics. 3.Negative affect of organizational members has a significant effect on perceptions of organizational politics. 4.The degree of centralization has a significant effect on perceptions of organizational politics. 5.The degree of formalization has no effect on perceptions of organizational politics. 6.Organizational hierarchical Level has no effect on perceptions of organizational politics. 7.Organization size has no effect on perceptions of organizational politics. 8.The degree of centralization has no moderate effect on the relationship between machiavellianism and perceptions of organizational politics. 9.The degree of formalization has no moderate effect on the relationship between machiavellianism and perceptions of organizational politics. 10.Organizational hierarchical Level has no moderate effect on the relationship between machiavellianism and perceptions of organizational politics. 11.Organization size has no moderate effect on the relationship between machiavellianism and perceptions of organizational politics. 12.The degree of centralization has no moderate effect on the relationship between positive affect of organizational members and perceptions of organizational politics. 13.The degree of formalization has no moderate effect on the relationship between negative affect of organizational members and perceptions of organizational politics. 14.Organization size has no moderate effect on the relationship between positive affect of organizational members and perceptions of organizational politics. 15.Organizational hierarchical Level has no moderate effect on the relationship between positive affect of organizational members and perceptions of organizational politics. 16.The degree of centralization has moderate effect on the relationship between positive affect of organizational members and perceptions of organizational politics. 17.The degree of formalization has no moderate effect on the relationship between positive affect of organizational members and perceptions of organizational politics. 18.Organization size has no moderate effect on the relationship between positive affect of organizational members and perceptions of organizational politics. 19.Organizational hierarchical Level has no moderate effect on the relationship between positive affect of organizational members and perceptions of organizational politics.

A crescente importância do mercado de serviços terceirizados de TI no Brasil e o interesse por pesquisas nesse tema no Brasil e em nível mundial, são os principais argumentos que justificam a realização deste estudo. Este trabalho teve por objetivo entender questões que envolvem os aspectos considerados em decisões de terceirização de funções de TI em empresas brasileiras, visão ainda pouco explorada na literatura. Para que o objetivo fosse atingido, foram propostas quatro questões de pesquisa respondidas utilizando-se de uma revisão bibliográfica, simulação e dois surveys. Os resultados encontrados permitiram identificar um modelo final que facilita um melhor entendimento sobre como a decisão de terceirização é tomada em empresas brasileiras. Tal modelo engloba seis aspectos de decisão usualmente considerados pelas empresas, o inter-relacionamento entre estes aspectos e mostra fatores externos que contribuem para a definição do nível de importância de cada aspecto na decisão. Como produto secundário, a discussão dos resultados encontrados frente à literatura que trata do tema terceirização em TI validou resultados já apresentados por outros autores e, gerou a necessidade de estudos futuros ao encontrar divergências. Do ponto de vista prático, o trabalho apresenta importante contribuição, pois ajudou a estruturar o processo de decisão de terceirização de funções de TI. / The growing importance of IT service market in Brazil and the interest for researches in this area in Brazil and worldwide are the main arguments that justifies the development of this study. The objective of this work was to understand the issues that involve the aspects considered on IT outsourcing decisions in Brazilian companies, theme that is not well explored in the literature. To achieve this objective, it was proposed four research questions answered by a bibliographic revision, simulation and two surveys. The founded results allowed the identification of a final model that facilitates a better understanding about how outsourcing decision making process occurs in Brazilian companies. This model considers six decisions aspects usually considered by the companies, the inter-relationship between this aspects and shows external factors that contributes to the definition of the importance level of each of these aspects in the decision making process. As secondary product, the discussion of the founded results against the literature that covers IT outsource theme, validated the results already presented by other authors and created the need of future researches by presenting some different results. From practicing stand point, this work presents an important contribution, by helping to structure the IT outsourcing decision making process.

A crescente importância do mercado de serviços terceirizados de TI no Brasil e o interesse por pesquisas nesse tema no Brasil e em nível mundial, são os principais argumentos que justificam a realização deste estudo. Este trabalho teve por objetivo entender questões que envolvem os aspectos considerados em decisões de terceirização de funções de TI em empresas brasileiras, visão ainda pouco explorada na literatura. Para que o objetivo fosse atingido, foram propostas quatro questões de pesquisa respondidas utilizando-se de uma revisão bibliográfica, simulação e dois surveys. Os resultados encontrados permitiram identificar um modelo final que facilita um melhor entendimento sobre como a decisão de terceirização é tomada em empresas brasileiras. Tal modelo engloba seis aspectos de decisão usualmente considerados pelas empresas, o inter-relacionamento entre estes aspectos e mostra fatores externos que contribuem para a definição do nível de importância de cada aspecto na decisão. Como produto secundário, a discussão dos resultados encontrados frente à literatura que trata do tema terceirização em TI validou resultados já apresentados por outros autores e, gerou a necessidade de estudos futuros ao encontrar divergências. Do ponto de vista prático, o trabalho apresenta importante contribuição, pois ajudou a estruturar o processo de decisão de terceirização de funções de TI. / The growing importance of IT service market in Brazil and the interest for researches in this area in Brazil and worldwide are the main arguments that justifies the development of this study. The objective of this work was to understand the issues that involve the aspects considered on IT outsourcing decisions in Brazilian companies, theme that is not well explored in the literature. To achieve this objective, it was proposed four research questions answered by a bibliographic revision, simulation and two surveys. The founded results allowed the identification of a final model that facilitates a better understanding about how outsourcing decision making process occurs in Brazilian companies. This model considers six decisions aspects usually considered by the companies, the inter-relationship between this aspects and shows external factors that contributes to the definition of the importance level of each of these aspects in the decision making process. As secondary product, the discussion of the founded results against the literature that covers IT outsource theme, validated the results already presented by other authors and created the need of future researches by presenting some different results. From practicing stand point, this work presents an important contribution, by helping to structure the IT outsourcing decision making process.