MGS / Institute for Gender and Youth Studies / ‘Gonyalelwa lapa’ is a form of a marriage whereby a family marries a woman to a deceased son who passed on without having biological children, for the purpose of restoring or reviving the deceased’s name. The woman is married with her existing children, or to bear children who will take the surname of the deceased man. Women find it difficult to leave such marriages for the fear of losing their children whom they signed off by accepting to be married under this type of marriage. This study employs the feminist standpoint methodological approach in order to explore experiences of women who are married for ‘lapa’. The study purposefully selected a sample of 8 women who are married under ‘Gonyalelwa lapa’ as well as 4 key informants. Findings demonstrate that women marry for ‘lapa’ mainly for economic reasons, to escape stigmatization, for the acquisition of the marital surname, which is tied to being acknowledged, respected and recognized by the community. Nevertheless, these women face multidimensional challenges within their in-laws’ households: they receive no support from the inlaws; their girl-children suffer discrimination based on ‘sex-preference’, boys are given more value on the basis that a boy will be able to perpetuate a deceased man’s name. Most women married under this type of marriage suffer from emotional and economic abuse at the hands of their in-laws. The study reveals that these challenges are attributed to lack of physical presence of the husband in the family. The study recommends that a large scale study be conducted on this or related topic, to build knowledge and create an awareness of such a marriage as to facilitate its inclusion in Customary Marriage Act.

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No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese de doutorado (Versao Final) Tiago Peroba .pdf: 7814042 bytes, checksum: 3417ada3bd131ef468681456a7088a9f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-13 / This study aims to analyze the importance of evaluating intellectual capital in higher education institutions, and develop a model to evaluate the intellectual capital of the Professional Master in Administration (PMA), enabling the comparison of different courses and monitoring their goals and strategic objectives. It thus defends the importance of evaluating intellectual capital in higher education institutions, and the feasibility of preparing an intellectual capital model highlighting the critical intangible assets of the Professional Master in Administration. It was conducted as research on the theory of intellectual capital, seeking to understand how the intangible assets from different organizations are identified and assessed. It also researched the major global initiatives that sought assessment, with special focus on those models that are dedicated to educational institutions. Thus, it was possible to propose an initial model for evaluating the intellectual capital of the PMA courses, divided into three sections: (i) strategic plans, (ii) critical intangible assets, and (iii) intellectual capital indicators grouped by structural, relational and human capital. Conducting a field survey with 101 teachers and coordinators of different courses of PMA in Brazil, intangible assets and critical indicators were defined and validated, based on the opinion of the respondents about the importance of each item for the assessment of intellectual capital and degree of difficulty assigned to the process of collecting data necessary for the preparation of each indicator. Thus, based on the exploratory factor analysis, it was possible to define the constructs of the intellectual capital evaluation model, dictating its structure. In addition, tests were performed to compare means for independent samples and tests of independence between categorical variables, allowing not only the confirmation of this thesis, but also some important conclusions about the research topic. / O presente trabalho tem por objetivos verificar a importância da avaliação do capital intelectual em instituições de ensino superior e elaborar um modelo capaz de avaliar o capital intelectual dos cursos de mestrado profissional em administração, possibilitando a comparação entre diferentes cursos e o acompanhamento de suas metas e de seus objetivos estratégicos. Desse modo, defende-se a tese da importância da avaliação do capital intelectual em instituições de ensino superior e também da viabilidade da elaboração de um modelo de avaliação de capital intelectual capaz de evidenciar os ativos intangíveis críticos dos cursos de mestrado profissional em administração (MPA). Para alcançar os objetivos, foi realizada uma pesquisa sobre a teoria de capital intelectual, buscando entender como são identificados e avaliados os ativos intangíveis de diferentes organizações. Foram pesquisadas, ainda, as principais iniciativas mundiais que buscaram a sua avaliação, com foco especial naqueles modelos que são dedicados às instituições de ensino. Com isso, foi possível propor um modelo inicial para avaliação do capital intelectual dos cursos de MPA, estruturado em três seções: (i) plano estratégico; (ii) ativos intangíveis críticos; e (iii) indicadores de capital intelectual agrupados por capital estrutural, relacional e humano. A partir de uma pesquisa de campo realizada com 101 professores e coordenadores de diferentes cursos de MPA no Brasil, os ativos intangíveis críticos e os indicadores foram definidos e validados com base na opinião dos respondentes acerca da importância de cada item para a avaliação do capital intelectual do objeto estudado e o grau de dificuldade atribuído ao processo de coleta de dados necessários à elaboração de cada indicador. Assim, com base na análise fatorial exploratória, foi possível definir os construtos do modelo de avaliação de capital intelectual e sua estrutura final. Por fim, foram realizados testes para a comparação de médias para amostras independentes e teste de independência entre variáveis categóricas, possibilitando não só a confirmação da tese defendida como também importantes conclusões sobre o tema pesquisado.