<p> Two-hundred twenty-eight U.S. Mexican-heritage children, ages 8&ndash;10 (110 boys &amp; 118 girls) whose mothers varied in familiarity with Indigenous practices and experience with schooling were videotaped while playing a computer game to study cultural patterns in collaboration and communication. The children played in groups of 4 on 2 computers. Interaction was coded in 5-second segments involving: teamwork, attempts at collaboration, turn-taking, competitive play, or neutral play. Communication was coded as either verbal or nonverbal, including what was communicated. Some results among middle class children were consistent with our expectations; for example, higher rates of solo play, however, the majority showed no difference between the groups. I discuss the shifting cultural practices in both groups as possible reasons for this pattern of results. Lastly, discussing possible cultural shifts pertaining to children&rsquo;s experience with school in addition to their mothers formal schooling experience. </p><p>

Le processus d'intégration est aujourd'hui pensé comme une interaction entre le migrant et la société d'accueil, omettant de cette façon de possibles intermédiaires entre les deux. Nous appuyant sur les travaux de l'École de Chicago et particulièrement sur ceux de Louis Wirth, nous avançons l'hypothèse que la communauté d'origine du migrant peut être un de ces intermédiaires. Nous avons donc tenté de saisir son eventuel rôle dans l'expérience d'intégration d'une quinzaine d'immigrants latino-américains vivant à Québec. Concevant l'intégration comme un processus multidimentionnel, nous avons constaté que ce sont les réseaux sociaux plutôt que la communauté d'origine qui tiennent le rôle d'intermédiaire dans l'expérience d'intégration des interviewes. Par ailleurs, les entretiens de recherche ont permis de souligner l'importance de la dimension professionnelle dans l'expérience d'intégration ainsi que l'interdépendance des dimensions de celle-ci.

<p> This study uses data from 16 semi-structured interviews to assess the stressors facing immigrants from Mexico and Central America&rsquo;s Northern Triangle. Specifically, I examine the experience of unauthorized migration and the stress associated with the process of migration and life in the US. I rely on theories of Stress Proliferation, the Mestiza Double Consciousness, and the notion of <i>Familismo</i> to provide explanations for why immigrants have stressful lived experiences, starting with their experiences in their home countries and ending with difficult experiences in the US. The goal of this study is to offer insight into the Hispanic Paradox in mental health&mdash;the lower rates of illness for Hispanic Americans despite the hardships they face. My data show that immigrants face stressors before, during and after migration, and often describe living in a state of distress, but they do not necessarily conceptualize their distress the same way as the American medical model or even their children (who are American citizens) do. Being undocumented or having an undocumented parent causes a proliferation of stress that, which suggests a need for future research on whether Hispanics truly have lower rates of distress, or whether cultural differences in terms of how particularly first-generation immigrants define and describe distress are affecting the ways mental illness is perceived. </p><p>

<p> Since 1989, significant mortgage finance innovation and federal policies with the intent of increasing homeownership participation particularly amongst minorities were implemented until the 2007 recession. This paper uses the Survey of Consumer Finances to analyze the lasting effectiveness of the mortgage finance innovations and federal policies on owner-occupancy rates leading up to and after the financial recession in 2007 until 2013. The results indicate that policy and macroeconomic factors offer temporary shifts in homeownership participation while household attribute changes have long lasting impact. Trends in the savings patterns of renters work as an effective measure for transitioning into homeownership. Shift-share analysis reinforces the idea that the model coefficients effectively capture household sentiment and macroeconomic conditions. Homeownership participation, especially amongst minorities, improved in 2013 relative to 1989 but the homeownership gap between minorities and white households has grown.</p><p>

<p> This qualitative study reviewed reasons so few Hispanic/Latino teachers remain employed with rural county public elementary schools. The study evaluated issues that present high retention and attrition concerns for Hispanic/Latino teachers in rural schools. In addition, the dissertation offered suggestions on ways to increase the representation of Hispanic/Latino teachers in rural elementary schools. The results of the study included lack of resources, lack of support, teacher isolation, heavy work load, and residency issues as barriers to Hispanic/Latino teachers&rsquo; retention in rural school communities. Suggestions to mediate the barrier included improving school leadership, utilizing alternative funding sources, such as grants, promoting collaboration through Professional Learning Communities, developing diversity programs, and teachers evaluating their professional and personal goals.</p><p>

A Firestone of Divine Love serves as capstone of two years Jesuit ministry and fifteen of academic study. It extends nine articles into a book project to be published by Gorgias Press. Its original thesis appeared as: In the last decades of the sixteenth century the Society of Jesus prohibited its members the reading of several mystical texts. A theme that cuts across these texts is the use of erotic language to describe the relationship between the soul and God. I argue that behind the prohibition lies the fear that erotic desire would be a threat to a Jesuit masculine identity. “Heterosexual Melancholia and Mysticism in the Early Society of Jesus” Theology & Sexuality 13/2, 1/2007 Working across the disciplines of History of Christianity and Women, Gender and Sexuality studies, I integrate these articles and deepen the original thesis within its 16th century Hispanic context. Chapter One introduces as historical setting the late medieval spirituality that inspired the first Jesuits to compose their order’s earliest spiritual texts, exemplifying it with the mystical doctrines of annihilation and deification. Chapter Two develops the first half of the deepened thesis: late medieval mysticism offered Jesuits of the first generation an erotic discourse that served as a space for grieving loss, even when within the confines of a gestating Jesuit masculine ideal. Chapter Three develops the second half. Jesuits of the second generation succumbed to the popular views dominating in a late 16th c. Spanish atmosphere permeated by the Inquisition's association of heterodox spirituality with women, racial minorities, and sodomites. It links the 1573 edict against mysticism with the 1599 decree against the admission of racial minorities, the de-emphasis on the importance of women's ministry, and the condemnation of erotic interpretations of Christian bridal language as potentially moving Jesuits too close to feminized racial undesirables. Finally, Chapter Four explores the aftermath of 1599 and its impact on the ministry of Jesuits who, living in the margins and borderlands of the Hispanic empire, were able to preserve in their writings the tradition of Jesuit mysticism and ministry.

The present study examined parent-centered values among 98 Latino mothers living in the U.S. with at least one child between the ages of one and eleven years old. Paired sample t-tests were used to compare parenting qualities thought to be valued most with those thought to be valued less. Results revealed that Relational Qualities, Role Modeling values, Family Loyalty, and Firm Control were highly valued, whereas qualities that promote a Stimulating Environment, qualities associated with Low Parental Control, and having Economic resources were rated relatively low. Participants also perceived these last three dimensions as significantly more valued by mothers in the dominant culture than by Latino mothers. Overall results were consistent with the hypothesis that Latino mothers endorse parent-centered values that adhere to a relational perspective, which emphasizes affection and loyalty towards other family members. Findings also supported the notion that Latino parenting values may be more consistent with an authoritative rather than an authoritarian parenting style.

Numerous studies have shown a rising HIV/AIDS epidemic among U.S. Hispanics/Latinos. Risky sexual behavior, alcohol, drug abuse, and sociodemographics contribute to Hispanics/Latinos' elevated risk for contracting HIV and other STDs. There is a need for additional research to understand the combination of factors associated with HIV and other STD infection among Hispanic/Latino youth. Based on social cognitive theory, this study examined the influences of peer pressure and relationship knowledge on risky sexual behavior among Hispanic/Latino young adults as measured by the Peer Pressure Inventory (PPI), the Teenage Research Unlimited Survey (TRU), and the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS). A group of 18-to-24 year olds (n = 173) from the 6 wards of Harris County, Houston, Texas completed the PPI, TRU and YRBS via paper questionnaires. Logistic regression determined a marginally significant association between relationship knowledge and number of lifetime sex partners. The remaining logistic regressions indicated no significant relationships between the variables of peer pressure, relationship knowledge, and risky sexual behavior. Descriptive statistics revealed that a large proportion of participants were engaging in several risky behaviors, including sex without condoms, sex while using alcohol or drugs, and sex with multiple partners. The results of this study also confirmed that Hispanics/Latinos aged 18-24 years are at risk for HIV and other STDs. Implications for positive social change include evidence to inform peer- and community-driven prevention programs targeting Hispanic/Latino young adults living and working in Harris County, Houston, Texas as a means to reduce transmission of STDs and HIV/AIDS in the Hispanic population.

No description available.

This dissertation examines migration behavior with a focus on male labor migrants from Mexico to the United States. I develop the concept of migration intensity, defined as the degree to which a migrant shifts his attachment, association and engagement from the place of origin to the migration destination. Using data for male Mexican migrants in the years 1950 to 2005, I find strong complementarities among remittances, migration patterns, and investment decisions, allowing me to derive an Index of Migration Intensity (IMI). The IMI shows that male Mexican migrants use a continuum of labor migration strategies. Augmenting a conventional Harris-Todaro model, I develop a simultaneous model for the initial migration, return, repeat migration, and remittance decisions of migrant workers. This model can incorporate various migration strategies, including "circular migration," "target earning," and "emigration." Modeling the effects of immigration policies, I find that stricter border enforcement has two consequences: an intended deterrence effect, and an unintended intensification effect whereby stricter border controls lead migrants to make fewer return trips, prolong total U.S. time, and reduce remittances. The impact of the latter on origin-country incomes may induce others to migrate as well. I then examine the determinants of Mexicans’ propensity to migrate illegally (extensive migration behavior) and their degree of socio-economic detachment from home (intensive migration behavior), using instrumental variables estimation with individual fixed effects. My findings support the hypotheses that stricter U.S. border enforcement leads to higher migration intensity, which in turn leads to a net increase in the volume of illegal Mexican migration. My results also indicate that reducing the U.S.—Mexican wage gap would curtail both the extent of illegal migration and migration intensity. The dissertation also investigates the significance of social networks in facilitating undocumented Mexican migration to the U.S. I argue that the importance of social network assistance arises from problems of asymmetric information. Drawing on secondary data sets as well as field research, I quantify the extent of social network assistance, disaggregated by type of assistance and helper.