Submitted by ANA KARLA PEREIRA RODRIGUES (anakarla_@hotmail.com) on 2017-09-19T14:12:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 4321594 bytes, checksum: 5cf99c3a861d5bd7cdc9f8ff68ebf27a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-19T14:12:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 4321594 bytes, checksum: 5cf99c3a861d5bd7cdc9f8ff68ebf27a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-31 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This dissertation had as main objective to realize through the newspapers – A União, O Norte and Correio da Paraíba – speeches about aids in the local scene, in Paraíba context. Starting up through theoretical considerations that justify the choice of newspapers and the press from Paraíba as objects of this research. At the same step, it presents a narrative that also seeks to justify taking the disease – aids in this case – also as a matter of history, specifically, because it is involved in the human context, revealing reactions, relationships, readings and changes inside the context of the social paradigms. Aids is presented in the scenario of the human sciences as a disease that was previously announced by the press, even before the first cases being diagnosed, this is also the dispute found in Paraiba - the news comes first and helps building images of the disease. On the context of the 1980s, when the first cases of aids, little was known about aids, therefore, images and metaphors were credited to the disease and therefore patients arises. In this scenario limits and ignorance, disease was surrounded by prejudice and personified by the patients, the target of a state that was silent and slow in effective responses to confront the epidemic, the same step that the measures created reinforced prejudices, resulting in violence daily, a scenario already painful for patients. The refusal to accept such violence, Led the movements of homosexuals in the country, to rethink their struggles; thereby organized into groups that exceeded the limits of the field of sexuality, and demanded that the Brazilian state responses against the disease together, bringing the country to become a world reference in fighting aids. In this research, we can identify the debates and speeches made by paraibana press, from the exhaustion of the institution of the risk groups, to the question of the place reserved for aids, addressing the disease and patients as a non-priority issue for the state, through the infeasibility of paraibanos hospitals to provide assistance to the sick, to the need to trigger health in neighboring states, to take care of those who Paraíba refused to attend. Thus, it presents part of this panorama of aids in Paraíba context. / A presente dissertação teve por objetivo central perceber por meio dos jornais – A União, O Norte e Correio da Paraíba – os discursos sobre a aids no cenário local, no contexto paraibano, iniciando-se por meio de reflexões teóricas que justificam a escolha dos jornais e da imprensa paraibana enquanto objetos desta pesquisa, ao mesmo passo que se apresenta uma narrativa que também busca justificar a tomada da doença – neste caso a aids – enquanto uma questão também da história, especificamente, por estar envolvida no contexto humano, revelando reações, relações, leituras e mudanças no contexto dos paradigmas sociais. A aids é apresentada no cenário das ciências humanas enquanto uma doença que foi anunciada pela imprensa, antes de seus primeiros casos serem diagnosticados, este também é o contexto encontrado na Paraíba – a notícia chega antes e ajuda a construir imagens da doença. Diante do contexto dos anos 1980, quando surge os primeiros casos de aids, pouco se sabia sobre a aids, com isso, imagens e metáforas foram creditadas à doença e consequentemente aos doentes. Neste cenário de limites e ignorância, a doença foi rodeada por preconceitos e personificadas por meio dos doentes, alvos de um estado que foi omisso e lento nas respostas efetivas de enfrentamento à epidemia, ao mesmo passo que as medidas criadas reforçavam preconceitos, resultando em violências cotidianas, num cenário já doloroso para os doentes. A recusa em aceitar tais violências levou os movimentos dos homossexuais pelo país a repensarem suas lutas; desse modo, organizaram-se em grupos que ultrapassaram os limites do campo da sexualidade, e juntos cobraram do Estado brasileiro respostas contra a doença, levando o país a tornar-se referência mundial no enfrentamento à aids. Nesta pesquisa, podemos identificar os debates e discursos realizados por meio da imprensa paraibana, desde a exaustão da instituição dos grupos de risco até o questionamento desse lugar reservado à aids, abordando a doença e os doentes enquanto uma questão não prioritária para o estado da Paraíba, passando pela inviabilidade dos hospitais paraibanos em prestar assistências aos doentes, até a necessidade de acionar a saúde nos estados vizinhos, para cuidar daqueles que a Paraíba recusava-se em assistir. Desse modo, apresenta-se parte desse panorama da aids no contexto paraibano.

This master thesis deals with history teaching from 1948 up to 1970. The main focus is not put on the way how the teaching looked really like, but it deals with the teaching methods how history should be taught. The major sources are journals of education for history teaching, mostly Dějepis ve škole and the preceding and following journals. The basic question is whether the magazines could have really helped the teachers in terms of teaching methodology and what was this support like. In the first chapter the history of education is described, the second chapter deals with the journals of education for history teaching. Next is described how a lesson should look like, the whole-class presentation, examination, revision, using a textbook. Special chapter deals with various tools for history teaching, including maps, images, audiovisual aids and literature. Moreover there is covered regional history, excursions, cooperation with museums and archives. In the end the basic question is answered; the journals were able to help the teachers well, many interesting and inspiring articles were in them. Nowadays, the problems of history teaching are almost the same, the have not been solved yet. Furthermore in the end are discussed special methodological debates in the half-public space that were present in...