This thesis examines a corpus of vernacular wisdom literature from early Ireland that is often referred to as tecosca ríg ‘instructions for kings’, or specula principum ‘mirrors for princes’. It reappraises some of the major theories and perceptions relating to this corpus in an effort to bring scholarly understanding up to date. The thesis begins by examining how and why modern scholars have read this corpus as wisdom literature for kings. It then looks at the development of modern theories of early Irish kingship and kingship ideology in relation to changing perceptions of vernacular literature. Special attention is paid to the concept of sacred kingship, with which this corpus been associated. Finally, this thesis examines the evidence of the tecosca against some of the major themes and debates raised in relation to the perception that these texts constitute advice for kings.

The aim of this thesis is to analyse Prague's Testaments from 1795 to 1815. The wills,which are in the period 1795-1815, represent a unique source of knowledge not only for linguists but also for modern historians who are interested of everyday life around the turn of the century.The first part describes the everyday history of Prague at the turn of the 18th and 19th Century in terms treated in the wills. In the following chapter, the type of Text is presented and described in more details.The researcher uses the relevant information from Pavel Trost's and Libuše Spáčilová's studies.In the next chapter, the source corpus and the criteria for selection are outlined.Next,the contents of the individual texts are combined to determine the processing linguistic material. The copies of the originals are added in appendices. The text was transliterated consistently. The work focuses on the following section, where the actual structural analysis of the texts are carried out. The researcher concentrates on some important features that are performed in the fifth part of the work (Chapter 5) and in the analysis of the wills. The Testament is segmented and the individual elements are further defined and classified. From the following analysis, one could prove a quasi-form, the specific structural elements whose...

<p>Abstract</p><p>This thesis explores how secondary schoolteachers in Swedish, prioritise from the Swedish language history materials. The study includes interviews with two Swedish teachers and inquiries with students in two classes at the social science programme (third year). The student literature that is used has been analysed and the teaching is compared with the Swedish central teaching plan. The results show that the students are weak in placing language at different historical time periods and make conclusions of this. The results from both the inquiries and teaching contents disclose a general weakness as it comes to Swedish language history. The interviews points at the standardizing attitude towards the subject, from the teachers influence the size and the depth of teaching the students get in Swedish language history.</p>

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, Dept. of Classical Languages and Literatures, June 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 205-210). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Communication and Culture, 2007. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Dec. 5, 2008). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-06, Section: A, page: . Adviser: John Louis Lucaites.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Communication and Culture, 2007. / Adviser: John Louis Lucaites.

O objetivo desta tese é a descrição das práticas de escrita setecentista em manuscritos da administração colonial em circulação pública no Brasil, levando-se em consideração o tipo de documento estudado (Cartas, Certidões, Representações e Requerimentos). Este trabalho parte de princípios filológicos e tem como base a edição semidiplomática de documentos do século XVIII. O corpus foi produzido por pessoas que lidavam com a escrita no âmbito das funções de seu cargo, dominavam, mesmo que razoavelmente, a estrutura diplomática de cada tipo de documento, mas também fórmulas de escrita e um conjunto de abreviaturas, o que não evitava, em alguns casos, hesitações e divergências gráficas. Levando-se tais fatos em consideração e baseando-se na análise de grafemas vocálicos e consonantais, pretende-se demonstrar que, embora haja uma ideia geral propagada na literatura especializada de que a escrita praticada ao longo do século XVIII seja caótica, babélica, principalmente no campo ortográfico, havia práticas de escrita em vias de consolidar-se, o que levaria a um quadro contrário à ideia de caos, mesmo no exame de documentos heterogêneos / The objective of this thesis is the description of the writing practices in eighteenthcentury manuscripts of the colonial administration in public circulation in Brazil, taking into consideration the type of document studied (Letters, Certificates, Representaions and Requirements). This paper is based on principles of philological and is based on semidiplomatic edition of documents of the eighteenth century. The corpus was produced by people who dealt with the writing within the functions of his office. They dominated, even reasonably, the diplomatic structure of each type of document, bu alsow writing formulas and a set of abbreviations, which is not avoided, in some cases, hesitations and graphic differences. Taking the facts into account and based on the analysis of vowel and consonant graphemes, we intend to demonstrate that although there is a general idea propagated in the literature that writing practiced throughout the eighteenth century is chaotic, especially spelling in the field, there was writing practices in the process of consolidating itself, leading to a table against the idea of chaos, even the examination of heterogeneous documents.

Entre le XIIIe siècle et le XVIIe siècle, se constitue un vocabulaire nautique spécifique, celui de la marine du Levant, différent de celui de la marine du Ponant utilisé en Atlantique. Ce vocabulaire est né du voyage dans le temps des mots provenant de l’indo-européen, du latin et du grec, mais sa spécificité vient des échanges, du voyage des mots dans tous l’espace méditerranéen qui permet à toutes les langues méditerranéennes de s’enrichir mutuellement. Les récits de voyage à Jérusalem constituent une source importante car ils sont rédigés par des hommes qui n’ont jamais auparavant vu la mer et qui vivent leur première expérience de navigation ; ils ont tout à apprendre pour pouvoir transmettre leur expérience à leurs lecteurs. Le métissage linguistique méditerranéen est le fait des marins qui transmettent aux marchands et aux voyageurs qui sillonnent la Méditerranée. Quand un mot domine et se répand dans d’autres langues cela signifie qu’il appartient à une langue d’une nation dominante soit dans ses techniques de navigation, soit par sa puissance maritime.Les écrivains voyageurs racontent leur navigation en montrant leurs sentiments, en exprimant leur admiration pour les spectacles nouveaux qu’ils découvrent. Comme la mer est un élément inconnu, elle engendre très souvent la peur qu’il faut surmonter, le voyage est une épreuve nécessaire et enrichissante. La constitution d’un vocabulaire spécifique montre qu’au delà des guerres, de la course, des fortunes de mer, des hommes se sont parlés, se sont entendus, ont construitensemble les outils nécessaires pour nommer les chose, c’est-à-dire les comprendre et se comprendre. / Between the XIIIth century and the XVIIth century, a specific nautical vocabulary is building, vocabulary of Levant navy of the different from Ponant one used in the Atlantic. This vocabulary come from the travel, in all the Mediterranean space, of the words in the time, from Indo-European, Latin and Greek languages. This exchanges allow all languages Mediterranean learn from each other. Travel stories in Jerusalem constitute an important source because they are drafted by men who never have seen previously sea and who live their first experience of sailing; they have to learn everything to be able to transmit their experience to their readers. The Mediterranean linguistic crossbreeding is the fact of the sailors who transmit to the traders and to the travelers who cross the Mediterranean Sea. The writers-travelers tell their navigation by showing their feelings, by expressing their admiration for the new spectacles which they discover. As sea is an unknown element, it very often generates fear. The sailing time is a necessary and rewarding event. The constitution of a specific vocabulary shows that beyond wars, corsairs, perils of sea, the men spoke to each other, built together the necessary tools to name things, it means understand its and understand each other.

The Discourse of Embodiment in the Nineteenth-Century British and North American Sign Language Debates examines the transatlantic cultural reception of deafness and signed languages to determine why a largely successful nineteenth-century movement known as Oralism advocated the eradication of signed languages. The dissertation answers this question through exploring a range of texts including fiction by Charles Dickens and Wilkie Collins, Oralist texts by Alexander Graham Bell and Thomas Arnold, and deaf resistance texts including poetry and proposals to establish Deaf settlements. I argue that Oralists – and a wider Victorian culture – believed that signed languages were inferior to spoken and written languages because they believed that signed languages were more embodied than these other modes of language. This charge of embodiedness produced negative constructions of signed languages as more concrete, iconic, and primitive than speech and writing. In chapter one, I examine poetry written by deaf people in order to uncover the phonocentrism that underscored both Oralism and the dominant nineteenth-century construction of the importance of aural and oral sound to poetry. In chapter two, I consider the relationship between the sign language debates and the debates around evolution in order to argue that both sides of the evolutionary debate were invested in making deaf people speak. In chapter three, I consider Wilkie Collins’s depiction of a deaf heroine in his novel Hide and Seek. I argue that Collins’s desire to make his heroine speak through her body rather than sign points to the difficulties of representing a signing deaf person within the conventions of the Victorian novel. Finally, chapter four focuses on the rhetoric around deaf intermarriage and community as it arose in the eugenicist turn taken by Oralism. Using a variety of theoretical approaches including Deaf and Disability Studies, post-structuralist understandings of language, and animal studies, I examine how cultural constructions of deafness and signed languages reveal nineteenth-century anxieties about the nature of language, the meaning of bodily difference, and the definition of the human in the post-Darwinian era. / Thesis (Ph.D, English) -- Queen's University, 2008-09-23 17:20:59.793

O objetivo desta tese é a descrição das práticas de escrita setecentista em manuscritos da administração colonial em circulação pública no Brasil, levando-se em consideração o tipo de documento estudado (Cartas, Certidões, Representações e Requerimentos). Este trabalho parte de princípios filológicos e tem como base a edição semidiplomática de documentos do século XVIII. O corpus foi produzido por pessoas que lidavam com a escrita no âmbito das funções de seu cargo, dominavam, mesmo que razoavelmente, a estrutura diplomática de cada tipo de documento, mas também fórmulas de escrita e um conjunto de abreviaturas, o que não evitava, em alguns casos, hesitações e divergências gráficas. Levando-se tais fatos em consideração e baseando-se na análise de grafemas vocálicos e consonantais, pretende-se demonstrar que, embora haja uma ideia geral propagada na literatura especializada de que a escrita praticada ao longo do século XVIII seja caótica, babélica, principalmente no campo ortográfico, havia práticas de escrita em vias de consolidar-se, o que levaria a um quadro contrário à ideia de caos, mesmo no exame de documentos heterogêneos / The objective of this thesis is the description of the writing practices in eighteenthcentury manuscripts of the colonial administration in public circulation in Brazil, taking into consideration the type of document studied (Letters, Certificates, Representaions and Requirements). This paper is based on principles of philological and is based on semidiplomatic edition of documents of the eighteenth century. The corpus was produced by people who dealt with the writing within the functions of his office. They dominated, even reasonably, the diplomatic structure of each type of document, bu alsow writing formulas and a set of abbreviations, which is not avoided, in some cases, hesitations and graphic differences. Taking the facts into account and based on the analysis of vowel and consonant graphemes, we intend to demonstrate that although there is a general idea propagated in the literature that writing practiced throughout the eighteenth century is chaotic, especially spelling in the field, there was writing practices in the process of consolidating itself, leading to a table against the idea of chaos, even the examination of heterogeneous documents.