Diss. Univ. Trier, 2007. / Originaltitel: Dass sie in unserem Nahmen beywohnen, Titel der Originaldiss.

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Zugl.: Tübingen, Univ., Diss., 2007

Zugl.: Tübingen, Univ., Diss., 2007.

Zugl.: Trier, Univ., Diss., 2007 u.d.T.: Mocek, Claudia: Dass sie in unserem Nahmen beywohnen

The diploma thesis "The Chotek Family and Sophie Chotek" deals with the development of a traditional Czech noble family from the first historical record to the last members of the family who died in 70's of 20th century. Central person of the thesis is Sophie Chotek, the best known woman of the family, who lived from 1868 to 1914. We can read about her life of a single young noblewoman during her service in Bratislava, where she was as a maid-of-honour and where she met her future husband archduke Francis Ferdinand d'Este. They got married on 1st July 1900. The last part of the thesis speaks about fourteen years of marriage. The greater part of this happy time they spent in the Konopiště Castle in Central Bohemia. Sophie and Francis Ferdinand also had three children Sophie, Maxmilian and Ernst of Hohenberg, whose life stories are included, too.

Submitted by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2017-03-15T09:40:27Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação - Adriane S. Reis.pdf: 2903401 bytes, checksum: 5cb1050cca283d0c9adcd3d1fe7a1899 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2017-03-15T09:40:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação - Adriane S. Reis.pdf: 2903401 bytes, checksum: 5cb1050cca283d0c9adcd3d1fe7a1899 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2017-03-15T09:40:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação - Adriane S. Reis.pdf: 2903401 bytes, checksum: 5cb1050cca283d0c9adcd3d1fe7a1899 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-15T09:40:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação - Adriane S. Reis.pdf: 2903401 bytes, checksum: 5cb1050cca283d0c9adcd3d1fe7a1899 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-18 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / For a long time it was believed that polymers were materials which didn't have any conductive properties associated to them. However, several studies has been made through the years to show the birth of a new class of polymeric materials, known as intrinsically conductive polymers. This class of polymers generally consist of chains having a conjugation structure, with alternating double and single bonds of carbon atoms. This combination allows electronic transport through the polyaniline structure. Since polyaniline represents a many-particle system, we present an introduction to the Schrodinger equation, the Thomas-Fermi theory, an to the Khon-Sham equations, which are important to understand the methods used, in order to calculate the electronic transport properties of doped polyaniline with different chloride contents. To calculate the electronic structure and electronic transport properties, we used the first principles, also known as textit ab-initio method , by the density functional theory technique (DFT). The electronic properties of polyaniline were studied through the bands diagram, density of states per atom and orbital, charge density, transmittance and electrical current for each state of oxidation/reduction of this conjugated polymer. The results obtained show a good qualitatively agreement with the experimental results. It was possible to observe the transition process of polyanilines, affording to obtain the semiconductor and insulating phases, as shown in the bands diagrams and electric current spectra. / Durante muito tempo, acreditou-se que os polímeros eram materiais que não pos-suíam quaisquer propriedades condutoras. Contudo, diversas pesquisas realizadas ao longo dos anos, resultaram no nascimento de uma nova classe de materiais poliméricos, conhe-cidos como polímeros intrinsecamente condutores. Esta classe de polímeros, em geral, são compostas por cadeias que possuem conjugação em sua estrutura, ou seja, possuem ligações simples e duplas alternadas dos átomos de carbono. Essa conjugação leva a polia-nilina a possuir propriedades de transporte eletrônico através da estrutura, que é o motivo do presente estudo. Como a polianilina representa um sistema de muitos corpos, apresentamos uma introdução à equação de Schrôdinger, à teoria de Thomas-Fermi e às equações de Khon-Sham, que são de grande utilidade na compreensão dos métodos que utilizamos nesta dis-sertação, visando calcular as propriedades de transporte eletrônico da polianilina dopada com diferentes teores de cloro. Para o cálculo da estrutura eletrônica e as propriedades de transporte eletrônico , utilizamos o método de primeiros princípios, também conhecido como método ab-initio, via teoria do funcional da densidade (DFT). As propriedades eletrônicas da polianilina foram estudadas por meio do diagrama de bandas, densidade de estados por átomo e por orbital, densidade de carga, transmitân-cia e corrente elétrica para cada estado de oxidação/redução desse polímero conjugado. Os resultados alcançados mostraram a concordância qualitativa com os resultados experimentais. Pôde-se observar o processo de transição das polianilinas, conseguindo-se obter as fases isolantes e semicondutoras, como mostrado nos diagramas de bandas e nos espectros de corrente elétrica.

In qualitative theory of differential equations, an important role is played by special classes of solutions, like periodic solutions or solutions to some boundary value problems. When a system of ordinary differential equations has equilibria, i.e. constant solutions, whose stability properties are known, it is significant to search for connections between them by trajectories of solutions of the given system. These are called homoclinic or heteroclinic, according to whether they describe a loop based at one single equilibrium or they "start" and "end" at two distinct equilibria. This thesis is devoted to the study of heteroclinic solutions for a specific class of ordinary differential equations related to the Extended Fisher-Kolmogorov equation and the Swift-Hohenberg equation. These are semilinear fourth order bi-stable evolution equations which appear as mathematical models for problems arising in Mechanics, Chemistry and Biology. For such equations, the set of bounded stationary solutions is of great interest. These solve an autonomous fourth order equation. In this thesis, we focus on such equations having a variational structure. In that case, the solutions are critical points of an associated action functional defined in convenient functional spaces. We then look for heteroclinic solutions as minimizers of the action functional. Our main contributions concern existence and multiplicity results of such global and local minimizers in the case where the functional is defined from sign changing Lagrangians. The underlying idea is to impose conditions which imply a lower bound on the action over all admissible functions. We then combine classical arguments of the Calculus of Variations with careful estimates on minimizing sequences to prove the existence of a minimum.

This thesis contains four articles related to mathematical aspects of Density Functional Theory. In Paper A, the theoretical justification of density methods formulated with current densities is addressed. It is shown that the set of ground-states is determined by the ensemble-representable particle and paramagnetic current density. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the Schrödinger equation with a magnetic field is not uniquely determined by its ground-state solution. Thus, a wavefunction may be the ground-state of two different Hamiltonians, where the Hamiltonians differ by more than a gauge transformation. This implies that the particle and paramagnetic current density do not determine the potentials of the system and, consequently, no Hohenberg-Kohn theorem exists for Current Density Functional Theory formulated with the paramagnetic current density. On the other hand, by instead using the particle density as data, we show that the scalar potential in the system's Hamiltonian is determined for a fixed magnetic field. This means that the Hohenberg-Kohn theorem continues to hold in the presence of a magnetic field, if the magnetic field has been fixed. Paper B deals with N-representable density functionals that also depend on the paramagnetic current density. Here the Levy-Lieb density functional is generalized to include the paramagnetic current density. It is shown that a wavefunction exists that minimizes the "free" Hamiltonian subject to the constraints that the particle and paramagnetic current density are held fixed. Furthermore, a convex and universal current density functional is introduced and shown to equal the convex envelope of the generalized Levy-Lieb density functional. Since this functional is convex, the problem of finding the particle and paramagnetic current density that minimize the energy is related to a set of Euler-Lagrange equations. In Paper C, an N-representable Kohn-Sham approach is developed that also include the paramagnetic current density. It is demonstrated that a wavefunction exists that minimizes the kinetic energy subject to the constraint that only determinant wavefunctions are considered, as well as that the particle and paramagnetic current density are held fixed. Using this result, it is then shown that the ground-state energy can be obtained by minimizing an energy functional over all determinant wavefunctions that have finite kinetic energy. Moreover, the minimum is achieved and this determinant wavefunction gives the ground-state particle and paramagnetic current density. Lastly, Paper D addresses the issue of a Hohenberg-Kohn variational principle for Current Density Functional Theory formulated with the total current density. Under the assumption that a Hohenberg-Kohn theorem exists formulated with the total current density, it is shown that the map from particle and total current density to the vector potential enters explicitly in the energy functional to be minimized. Thus, no variational principle as that of Hohenberg and Kohn exists for density methods formulated with the total current density. / <p>QC 20140523</p>

We have expanded the capabilities of the ab initio tight-binding molecular dynamics package FIREBALL to include calculations of optical properties. Basic zero order approximation is based on transitions between Kohn-Sham states. Corrections for electron-electron interactions are based on time dependant density functional theory (TDDFT). Consistent with the FIREBALL approach, we use precalculated integrals and approximations to make the program faster.