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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

O homem e o seu entorno: metafísica e antropologia, em José Ortega y Gasset

Heleno, Gilberto 16 March 2018 (has links)
Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-04-23T12:34:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Gilberto Heleno.pdf: 1503709 bytes, checksum: aac776c779180b0b0c208f39e5eeb8ef (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-23T12:34:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gilberto Heleno.pdf: 1503709 bytes, checksum: aac776c779180b0b0c208f39e5eeb8ef (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Fundação São Paulo - FUNDASP / This hermeneutic and critical analysis of José Ortega y Gasset’s philosophy undertakes to examine the various circumstances from which his philosophy sprang, and to understand the metaphysical discovery of life as a radical reality and the typology of becoming human as coming from the relationship with one’s environment. Ortega creates a philosophy grounded in his people and his country. Underlying his philosophy is, on one hand, the deep crisis immersing Spain and, on the other hand, the ineffective way of facing this crisis by the Spanish people. His philosophy is an answer to an inner call and in it he takes position as a political leader and gives an intellectual reference of his time. His philosophy arises using particular circumstances: he uses newspapers, conferences, courses and classes. In this way, it reaches the Spanish people, whom Ortega wishes to educate, more quickly. The originality of his philosophy comes from his raciovitalismo, a synthesis of life and reason, giving greater emphasis on the former, since he wishes to restore life to a place it lost through rationalism, and to circumscribe reason within the broader reality of human life. According to Ortega, this is the theme of his time. His anthropology is bound to his metaphysics, since, for him, humans must undertake what is the radical reality of life as a project, as a quehacer. Depending on which answer a human gives to that call of life, which Ortega understands as a vocation, he or she becomes either a human of the masses or a noble human. By leaving behind pure reason, Ortega chose what at first he called vital reason and, later, historical reason, to understand human life, which, according to him, is built upon the dialectic of its own experiences / A tese é uma análise hermenêutica e crítica da filosofia de José Ortega y Gasset, procura destacar as várias circunstâncias nas quais nasce a sua filosofia, compreender a descoberta metafísica da vida como realidade radical e a tipologia de homem oriunda da relação com o seu entorno. Ortega faz uma filosofia vinculada ao seu povo e ao seu país. O que o impulsiona a filosofar é a crise na qual se encontra a Espanha e a maneira ineficaz que o homem espanhol responde a essa crise. Ele atende a uma chamada interior e procura se colocar como líder político e referência intelectual de seu tempo. Nessas circunstâncias, surge a sua filosofia, que, vindo à luz através de revistas e jornais, conferências, cursos e aulas, chega mais rápido ao povo espanhol, que Ortega entende formar. A originalidade da filosofia de Ortega vem do raciovitalismo, síntese da vida e da razão, com maior preponderância para a primeira, em que pretende dar à vida o lugar que ela perdeu para o racionalismo e circunscrever a razão dentro da realidade mais ampla que é a vida humana. Para Ortega, esse é o tema do seu tempo. Sua antropologia estará coligada à sua metafísica, na medida em que a vida como realidade radical deve ser assumida pelo homem como um projeto, como um quehacer. Dependendo da resposta do homem a esse chamamento da vida, que Ortega entende como vocação, ele poderá ser considerado um homem-massa ou um homem-nobre. Abandonando a razão pura, Ortega elege a razão vital e, posteriormente, a razão histórica, para compreender a vida humana que, segundo ele, vai se construindo na dialética de suas experiências

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