In the tradition of academic satire, Lady Lazarus is the fictional biography of the daughter of American rock musicians. In her late teens she rises to fame as confessional poet, who, despite only publishing one collection of poems during her brief life, becomes an overnight sensation. Author Andrew Altschul is satirizing academia’s need to be a part of popular culture and in doing so, privileges the ability to use controversy and conventional beauty to sell books as opposed to creating quality art. By focusing on how the author uses Hans Robert Jauss’ horizons of expectations, unreliable narrators, anecdotes in biography and the economics of fame as a deciding factor in academia, the author has created a dense and punitive opinion of academia’s inclusion of popular culture into its world.

O escritor mineiro Campos de Carvalho publicou seus principais romances entre 1956 e 1964 tendo uma recepção relativamente fria por parte dos críticos. Escrevendo em um momento em que o nacional-desenvolvimentismo reinava no país e sob a égide da literatura engajada, viu-se excluído das obras canônicas de seu tempo. Com o golpe militar de 1964 começaram a ocorrer modificações significativas no campo cultural brasileiro, quando o engajamento começou a ser contestado. Tal ruptura deu-se abruptamente no ano de 1968 quando, com o decreto do Ato Institucional nº5, o padrões da produção artística nacional passaram a refletir essa nova realidade. Com um Estado extremamente violento e com as liberdades democráticas limitadas por repressão e censura, foram necessários novos espaços de expressão artística como a chamada imprensa alternativa. Nesse novo contexto, marcado por movimentos como contracultura, marginalidade e Tropicalismo, Campos de Carvalho e sua obra passaram a ser ressignificados, encontrando novos horizontes interpretativos para sua literatura. Contribuindo como colunista do jornal O Pasquim, encontrou novos leitores. / The writer Campos de Carvalho published his major novels between 1956 and 1964 having a relatively indifferent reception from critics. Writing in a time when the national developmentalism reigned in the country and under the auspices of committed literature, he was excluded from the canonical works of his time. With the military coup of 1964 began to be significant changes in the Brazilian cultural field, when the engagement began to be challenged. This rupture occurred abruptly in 1968 when, with the decree of Institutional Act No. 5, the standards of the national artistic production began to reflect this new reality. With an extremely violent state and democratic freedoms limited by repression and censorship, it took new artistic expression of spaces such as call alternative press. In this new context, marked by movements such counterculture, marginality and Tropicalismo, Campos de Carvalho and his work began to be reevaluated, finding new interpretative horizons for its literature. Contributing as a columnist for O Pasquim, found new readers.

O escritor mineiro Campos de Carvalho publicou seus principais romances entre 1956 e 1964 tendo uma recepção relativamente fria por parte dos críticos. Escrevendo em um momento em que o nacional-desenvolvimentismo reinava no país e sob a égide da literatura engajada, viu-se excluído das obras canônicas de seu tempo. Com o golpe militar de 1964 começaram a ocorrer modificações significativas no campo cultural brasileiro, quando o engajamento começou a ser contestado. Tal ruptura deu-se abruptamente no ano de 1968 quando, com o decreto do Ato Institucional nº5, o padrões da produção artística nacional passaram a refletir essa nova realidade. Com um Estado extremamente violento e com as liberdades democráticas limitadas por repressão e censura, foram necessários novos espaços de expressão artística como a chamada imprensa alternativa. Nesse novo contexto, marcado por movimentos como contracultura, marginalidade e Tropicalismo, Campos de Carvalho e sua obra passaram a ser ressignificados, encontrando novos horizontes interpretativos para sua literatura. Contribuindo como colunista do jornal O Pasquim, encontrou novos leitores. / The writer Campos de Carvalho published his major novels between 1956 and 1964 having a relatively indifferent reception from critics. Writing in a time when the national developmentalism reigned in the country and under the auspices of committed literature, he was excluded from the canonical works of his time. With the military coup of 1964 began to be significant changes in the Brazilian cultural field, when the engagement began to be challenged. This rupture occurred abruptly in 1968 when, with the decree of Institutional Act No. 5, the standards of the national artistic production began to reflect this new reality. With an extremely violent state and democratic freedoms limited by repression and censorship, it took new artistic expression of spaces such as call alternative press. In this new context, marked by movements such counterculture, marginality and Tropicalismo, Campos de Carvalho and his work began to be reevaluated, finding new interpretative horizons for its literature. Contributing as a columnist for O Pasquim, found new readers.

O escritor mineiro Campos de Carvalho publicou seus principais romances entre 1956 e 1964 tendo uma recepção relativamente fria por parte dos críticos. Escrevendo em um momento em que o nacional-desenvolvimentismo reinava no país e sob a égide da literatura engajada, viu-se excluído das obras canônicas de seu tempo. Com o golpe militar de 1964 começaram a ocorrer modificações significativas no campo cultural brasileiro, quando o engajamento começou a ser contestado. Tal ruptura deu-se abruptamente no ano de 1968 quando, com o decreto do Ato Institucional nº5, o padrões da produção artística nacional passaram a refletir essa nova realidade. Com um Estado extremamente violento e com as liberdades democráticas limitadas por repressão e censura, foram necessários novos espaços de expressão artística como a chamada imprensa alternativa. Nesse novo contexto, marcado por movimentos como contracultura, marginalidade e Tropicalismo, Campos de Carvalho e sua obra passaram a ser ressignificados, encontrando novos horizontes interpretativos para sua literatura. Contribuindo como colunista do jornal O Pasquim, encontrou novos leitores. / The writer Campos de Carvalho published his major novels between 1956 and 1964 having a relatively indifferent reception from critics. Writing in a time when the national developmentalism reigned in the country and under the auspices of committed literature, he was excluded from the canonical works of his time. With the military coup of 1964 began to be significant changes in the Brazilian cultural field, when the engagement began to be challenged. This rupture occurred abruptly in 1968 when, with the decree of Institutional Act No. 5, the standards of the national artistic production began to reflect this new reality. With an extremely violent state and democratic freedoms limited by repression and censorship, it took new artistic expression of spaces such as call alternative press. In this new context, marked by movements such counterculture, marginality and Tropicalismo, Campos de Carvalho and his work began to be reevaluated, finding new interpretative horizons for its literature. Contributing as a columnist for O Pasquim, found new readers.

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Magistro darbo tyrimo objektas – Sigito Parulskio, Gintaro Beresnevičiaus, Giedros Radvilavičiūtės, Regimanto Tamošaičio eseistika, kuri analizuojama kaip asmeninė esė. Nagrinėjami šie minėtų autorių esė rinkiniai: „Nuogi drabužiai“ (2002), „Miegas ir kitos moterys“ (2005), „Vilkų saulutė“ (2003), „Suplanuotos akimirkos“ (2004), „Vitaminų pardavėjas“ (2007). Darbo tikslas – analizuoti Parulskio, Beresnevičiaus, Radvilavičiūtės, Tamošaičio eseistiką kaip asmeninę esė, atskleidžiant šios esė estetikos ir poetikos ypatybes, eseistų individualumą. Uždaviniai: 1) Pateikti asmeninės esė teorines apibrėžtis, nurodant jų ribas ir problemas; 2) Identifikuoti asmeninės esė autoriaus mąstymo bei raiškos ypatybes; 3) Nagrinėti lietuvių autorių esė būdingas poetines priemones ir estetines pozicijas; 4) Palyginti skirtingų autorių eseistikos savybes, jų panašumus ir skirtumus; 5) Nustatyti asmeninės esė skaitytojo tipus, jų sąryšį su autoriaus institucija ir tekstu; 7) Atskleisti adresato „lūkesčių horizontą“ ir jo reikšmę skaitomų tekstų suvokimui ir interpretavimui. Tyrimo metodologija – komparatyvistikos teorija, Billo Roorbacho „asmeninės esė“, Umberto Eco „atviro kūrinio“ bei „pavyzdinio skaitytojo“ ir „empirinio skaitytojo“, Hanso Roberto Jausso „lūkesčių horizonto“ koncepcijos. Kadangi asmeninė esė dar nėra kanonizuota, pasitelkiamos ir Phillipo Lopate’o bei Michailo Epsteino įžvalgos apie asmeninės esė meną. Tyrimas atskleidė, kad tarp asmeninės esė ir „atviro“... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The object of the Master’s degree work is essays of Sigitas Parulskis, Gintaras Beresnevičius, Giedra Radvilavičiūtė, Regimantas Tamošaitis, which are analysed as personal essays. The following collections of the mentioned authors are analysed: „Nuogi drabužiai“ (2002), „Miegas ir kitos moterys“ (2005), „Vilkų saulutė“ (2003), „Suplanuotos akimirkos“ (2004), „Vitaminų pardavėjas“ (2007). The aim of the Work is to analyse essays of Parulskis, Beresnevičius, Radvilavičiūtė, Tamošaitis as personal essays, revealing peculiarities of these essays and poetry, individuality of essayists. Tasks: 1) to present theoretical concepts of the personal essay, by defining their limits and problems; 2) to identify peculiarities of thinking and expression of the personal essay author; 3) to analyse poetic aids and aesthetical positions, characteristic to essays of Lithuanian authors; 4) to compare peculiarities of essays of different authors, their similarities and differences; 5) to define types of personal essay readers, their links with institution of the author and the text; 7) to reveal the “horizon of expectation” of the addressee and its effect on perception and interpretation of the read texts. Methodology of the Research – theory of comparativistics, conceptions of “personal essay” by Bill Roorbach, “open creation” and “the model reader” by Umberto Eco, “horizon of expectations” by Hans Robert Jauss. As far as the personal essay has not been canonised, insights about art of personal... [to full text]

O corpus desta dissertação tem por objetivo a análise das obras A Maior flor do Mundo de José Saramago, O Gato e o Escuro de Mia Couto e O Mistério do Coelho Pensante de Clarice Lispector para o público infantil. A análise empreendida tem como referencial teórico a Estética da Recepção de Hans Robert Jauss e a Teoria do Efeito Estético de Wolfgang Iser, correntes que figuram o leitor como elemento atuante no ato da leitura, convidando-o a mergulhar nas entrelinhas dos textos e preencher lacunas ou hiatos, deixados pelos autores que mobilizam o leitor a formular o que não foi dito através da imaginação. A linguagem das obras mencionadas age como instrumento de percepção do leitor e símbolo da infância, pois, tornar-se-ão prazerosa, fantástica e maravilhosa sem a função disciplinadora e moralista que, anteriormente, inibia a criança de se expressar com liberdade. Ao trabalhar com conceitos como recepção, efeito, horizonte de expectativas e leitor implícito, busca-se explicar como se dá a leitura e a sua inserção no contexto das práticas culturais de produção de sentido. As obras estudadas contribuem para a formação de leitores críticos e reflexivos ao questionarem a linguagem literária diante das experiências da vida. As ilustrações das obras não se apresentam somente como simples complementação dos textos verbais, mas também, adquirem significados e expressões estéticas / The corpus of this essay is mainly to study accurately the following literary compositions: A Maior Flor do Mundo by José Saramago, O Gato e o Escuro by Mia Couto and O Mistério do Coelho Pensante by Clarice Lispector for childish readers. The undertaken analyses has as a theoretical reference Estética da Recepção by Hans Robert Jauss and Teoria do Efeito Estético by Wolfgang Iser, tendencies wich take the reader as an active active element in the act of reading, letting him/her go deeply into the text and fill in the blanks left by the authors who make the reader formulate what was not said through his/her imagination. The language of the mentioned books works as the readers instrument of perception and childhood symbol, so that they will be so amazing, fantastic and wonderful without having the function of controlling and moralizing , which made children not to express themselves with freedom in the past. When concepts as reception, effect horizon of expectations and implicit reader are worked, we try to explain how the reading involves children and its introduction in the cultural context of sense production. The analysed literary compositions contribute to make analytical and thoughtful readers object life experiences. The book illustrations do not appear as only verbal text complement, but also getting expression and esthetic meanings

O corpus desta dissertação tem por objetivo a análise das obras A Maior flor do Mundo de José Saramago, O Gato e o Escuro de Mia Couto e O Mistério do Coelho Pensante de Clarice Lispector para o público infantil. A análise empreendida tem como referencial teórico a Estética da Recepção de Hans Robert Jauss e a Teoria do Efeito Estético de Wolfgang Iser, correntes que figuram o leitor como elemento atuante no ato da leitura, convidando-o a mergulhar nas entrelinhas dos textos e preencher lacunas ou hiatos, deixados pelos autores que mobilizam o leitor a formular o que não foi dito através da imaginação. A linguagem das obras mencionadas age como instrumento de percepção do leitor e símbolo da infância, pois, tornar-se-ão prazerosa, fantástica e maravilhosa sem a função disciplinadora e moralista que, anteriormente, inibia a criança de se expressar com liberdade. Ao trabalhar com conceitos como recepção, efeito, horizonte de expectativas e leitor implícito, busca-se explicar como se dá a leitura e a sua inserção no contexto das práticas culturais de produção de sentido. As obras estudadas contribuem para a formação de leitores críticos e reflexivos ao questionarem a linguagem literária diante das experiências da vida. As ilustrações das obras não se apresentam somente como simples complementação dos textos verbais, mas também, adquirem significados e expressões estéticas / The corpus of this essay is mainly to study accurately the following literary compositions: A Maior Flor do Mundo by José Saramago, O Gato e o Escuro by Mia Couto and O Mistério do Coelho Pensante by Clarice Lispector for childish readers. The undertaken analyses has as a theoretical reference Estética da Recepção by Hans Robert Jauss and Teoria do Efeito Estético by Wolfgang Iser, tendencies wich take the reader as an active active element in the act of reading, letting him/her go deeply into the text and fill in the blanks left by the authors who make the reader formulate what was not said through his/her imagination. The language of the mentioned books works as the readers instrument of perception and childhood symbol, so that they will be so amazing, fantastic and wonderful without having the function of controlling and moralizing , which made children not to express themselves with freedom in the past. When concepts as reception, effect horizon of expectations and implicit reader are worked, we try to explain how the reading involves children and its introduction in the cultural context of sense production. The analysed literary compositions contribute to make analytical and thoughtful readers object life experiences. The book illustrations do not appear as only verbal text complement, but also getting expression and esthetic meanings

CrashCourse Literature and other educational YouTube videos are essential mechanisms for connecting students and the general public to the humanities. Public humanities projects are in an intellectual tug-of-war between what academia and the diverse developing public want them to be, but that contention can and should be mediated using new media tools like CrashCourse Literature. CrashCourse Literature's emphasis on bringing the reader to the text and the text to the reader, echoes the goals of reception theory. Reception theory focuses on finding meaning in a literary text using the reader's horizon of expectations more than an a traditional, essentialist, "original' reading of a text. Analyzing public humanities projects like CrashCourse Literature through the lens of reception theory can help to show why the public uses them to connect more fully with the humanities. Within the texts of the videos "Fate, Family, and Oedipus Rex: Crash Course Literature 202," "Shakespeare's Sonnets: Crash Course Literature 304", "Like Pale Gold--The Great Gatsby Part I: Crash Course English Literature #4," and "Was Gatsby Great? The Great Gatsby Part 2: Crash Course English Literature #5," I see two distinct levels of reception that influence and strengthen each other: 1. First level of reception: CrashCourse interacts with and refracts the texts they are explicating based on where the reader is in time and space. 2. Meta-reception: CrashCourse interacts and connects with the viewers of the video by interpreting their viewers' responses to said text. CrashCourse's use of popular culture references, references to current or familiar social, political, and cultural ideologies, jokes, validations of viewers previous literary experiences, informal language all situated well within sound academic scholarship constitute examples of first-level and meta-reception. CrashCourse Literature sees the humanities, and fictional literature in particular, as exercises in empathy. Accordingly, they treat their approach to the text (first-level reception) and their viewers response to the text (meta-reception) with the same empathetic care. Public humanities projects that use new media well, allow public access to and connection with scholarly discussion and information. If academic institutions want to continue humanities research and discussion in a way that keeps their publics enthusiastically engaged, they will find good tools in CrashCourse Literature, which is engaging precisely in the kind of intellectual work and dialogue the academic establishment needs in order to stay relevant and significant to the publics they serve.

anglicky: Title of the thesis: Horizon of expectations of Czech and French speaking readers of children's literature Keywords: czech and french children's literature, horizon of expectations, reception of literature, reader, writer's strategy, Petr Nikl, Philippe Lechermeier Abstract: The study entitled Horizon of expectations of Czech and French speaking readers of children's literature is concerned with the reception of children's literature in Czech and French speaking environment. The aim of the thesis is to find out if and how the expectations of the readers change with their literary context and to discover the extent to which the contemporary writers Petr Nikl and Philippe Lechermeier come to meet their audiences. To answer this question various methodological procedures are employed: observation and then comparison of Czech and French literary context to form the hypotheses. The hypotheses are verified by the case study based on the analyses of two books (Záhádky by Petr Nikl and Le Journal secret de Petit Poucet form Philippe Lechermeier) and on the analyses of critical reviews and comments. We discovered the writer's strategies and the expectations of the readers and we compared them with our hypotheses to make a final appraisal. The thesis is divided into eight parts: Introduction, 1....