Pesquisas sobre aplicação de borracha de pneus descartados em pavimentação asfáltica vêm sendo desenvolvidas desde a década de 1960, especialmente nos Estados Unidos e, desde o início da década de 1990, no Brasil, como alternativa para diminuição dos problemas ambientais gerados por estes resíduos sólidos. Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo avaliar o desempenho de três misturas asfálticas do tipo concreto asfáltico usinado à quente: duas empregando teores diferentes de borracha moída e óleo de xisto (CAP 40 + 12% de borracha + 10% de óleo de xisto e CAP 40 + 20% de borracha + 15% de óleo de xisto) e uma convencional. Este estudo faz parte de um programa de pesquisa coordenado pela Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos da Universidade de São Paulo (EESC-USP), Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) e Petrobrás, envolvendo a execução de misturas com borracha e óleo de xisto em trechos experimentais. Foram realizadas dosagens Marshall e ensaios de resistência à tração, módulo de resiliência e fluência por compressão uniaxial estática. Os corpos-de-prova empregados nos ensaios foram moldados no teor ótimo de cimento asfáltico referente a cada uma das misturas. Constatou-se a viabilidade técnica da adição de óleo extensor para a incorporação de borracha de pneus descartados em concreto asfáltico, permitindo a obtenção de resultados satisfatórios quanto aos projetos de dosagem das misturas pelo método Marshall. Com base nos resultados dos ensaios realizados, acredita-se ser viável a execução de trechos experimentais empregando as duas misturas modificadas. / Researches on the application of discarded tires in asphaltic pavements has been developed since 1960, mainly in the United States and since the beginning of the 90\'s in Brazil, as an alternative to the reduction of environmental problems created by this kind of solid residues. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the performance of three hot mix asphalt concrete: two using different crumb rubber and shale oil contents (CAP 40 + 12% rubber + 10% shale oil and CAP 40 + 20% rubber + 15% shale oil) and a conventional hot mix asphalt concrete. The research is part of a major program coordinated by the Universidade de São Paulo (EESC-USP), Universidade Estadual de Maringá and Petrobras, comprehending the execution of asphaltic mixtures using tire rubber and shale oil in experimental road segments. The tests performed are: Marshall test, indirect tension, resilient modulus and static creep. The samples tested were compacted in the optimum binder content of each mixture. Good results obtained in tests confirrned the technical viability of using the shale oil as extender in crumb rubber asphalt hot mixtures. The results lead to the conclusion that experimental road sections or segments may be constructed with both tested rubber-oil modified asphalt mixtures.

A areia de fundição é um resíduo sólido industrial oriundo da etapa de desmoldagem de peças metálicas no processo de produção de fundidos. Esse resíduo, dependendo do processo de fundição utilizado (moldagem a verde, moldagem em casca, moldagem com resina sintética e outros) e do material moldado, pode conter elementos e/ou compostos químicos que podem causar impacto ambiental. As substâncias que podem estar presentes na areia de fundição são provenientes, em parte, do tipo de metal moldado e, em parte, do aglomerante utilizado no processo. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar um estudo de alternativa para utilização desse rejeito com a finalidade de contribuir para a minimização do problema, reutilizando-o na composição dos agregados para concreto asfáltico. Para tanto, foram realizados ensaios de classificação de resíduos em amostras de areias virgem e de fundição e em misturas asfálticas, contendo areia virgem e de fundição, não compactadas, para verificar se este resíduo, quando incorporado à massa asfáltica, poluiria o meio ambiente. Realizou-se, também, ensaio de lixiviação com extrator soxhlet em corpo-de-prova de mistura asfáltica com 15% de areia de fundição para avaliar o comportamento, em termos ambientais, desse material a longo prazo. Para verificar o desempenho, da massa asfáltica contendo esse resíduo, na pavimentação, foram realizados ensaios de dosagem Marshall, dano por umidade induzida, cantabro, resistência à tração, módulo de resiliência e fluência estática. Com base nos resultados obtidos, pôde-se concluir, em linhas gerais, que a reutilização de areia de fundição em pavimentação asfáltica é viável, pois as misturas asfálticas contendo esse resíduo apresentaram boas propriedades mecânicas de interesse à pavimentação. Além disso, os ensaios de classificação de resíduos sólidos realizados na massa asfáltica com areia de fundição, cuja classificação original é Classe II - não inerte, ) classificaram a massa asfáltica como resíduo Classe III - inerte, o que sugere um encapsulamento deste resíduo pela massa asfáltica. / Foundry sand is an industrial solid waste resulting from sand casting process in foundry industries. Depending on the type of foundry process (green sand molding, shell sand molding, molding using synthetic resin and others) and of the type cast metal, this waste may contain elements and/or chemical compounds that may cause environmental impact. The substances that may be found in foundry sand proceed partly from the type of the metal and partly from the agglutinant used on the process. The purpose of this research is to present an alternative study for the use of the foundry sand, reusing it in the composition of the aggregate for asphalt concrete and thus to contribute to minimize the environmental impact caused for this waste. To reach this purpose, classification tests of solid wastes were run in virgin sand and foundry sand and asphaltic mixtures not compacted containing both types of sand. This investigation considered the possibility of this waste when incorporated to asphaltic mixture to pollute the environment. Leaching with soxhlet extractor test in specimen of asphaltic mixture with 15% of foundry sand was also realized to evaluate the performance of this material a long-term period in environmental terms. In order to verify the performance in paving, the mixtures were submitted to Marshall method of mix design and to the tests of resilient modulus, indirect tensile strength, cantabro, resistance of compacted bituminous mixture to moisture-induced damage and static creep. Based on the results, it could be concluded that, in a general way, the reuse of foundry sand in asphaltic paving is viable, once the asphaltic mixtures containing this residue presented good mechanical properties. Besides the classification tests of solid wastes realized in asphaltic mixture containing foundry sand, which original classification as class II - no inert, passed to a classification of asphaltic mixture class III - inerte, what suggests that the waste was encapsulated in hot mix asphalt.

In this dissertation, studies of accelerated pavement testing have been discussed and the relative advantage of using the Model Mobile Load Simulator 3 (MMLS3) has been illustrated. A test protocol of using MMLS3 as a fatigue characterization tool has been proposed and validated by testing several Hot Mix Asphalt slabs. Data acquisition was performed with strain gauges placed in different directions under slabs in controlled environmental condition. Analysis of data showed the effect of wheel load on fatigue behavior of pavement in terms of strain history response, cracking and reduction of modulus. Performance curves showing relation between initial strain and failure loads were developed and were compared with the performance curves obtained from standard method. It has been shown that rutting related excessive permanent strain due to movement of particles under wheel path can affect fatigue performance of Hot Mix Asphalt pavement. Method of estimation of time dependent strain has also been developed to predict observed strain.

A areia de fundição é um resíduo sólido industrial oriundo da etapa de desmoldagem de peças metálicas no processo de produção de fundidos. Esse resíduo, dependendo do processo de fundição utilizado (moldagem a verde, moldagem em casca, moldagem com resina sintética e outros) e do material moldado, pode conter elementos e/ou compostos químicos que podem causar impacto ambiental. As substâncias que podem estar presentes na areia de fundição são provenientes, em parte, do tipo de metal moldado e, em parte, do aglomerante utilizado no processo. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar um estudo de alternativa para utilização desse rejeito com a finalidade de contribuir para a minimização do problema, reutilizando-o na composição dos agregados para concreto asfáltico. Para tanto, foram realizados ensaios de classificação de resíduos em amostras de areias virgem e de fundição e em misturas asfálticas, contendo areia virgem e de fundição, não compactadas, para verificar se este resíduo, quando incorporado à massa asfáltica, poluiria o meio ambiente. Realizou-se, também, ensaio de lixiviação com extrator soxhlet em corpo-de-prova de mistura asfáltica com 15% de areia de fundição para avaliar o comportamento, em termos ambientais, desse material a longo prazo. Para verificar o desempenho, da massa asfáltica contendo esse resíduo, na pavimentação, foram realizados ensaios de dosagem Marshall, dano por umidade induzida, cantabro, resistência à tração, módulo de resiliência e fluência estática. Com base nos resultados obtidos, pôde-se concluir, em linhas gerais, que a reutilização de areia de fundição em pavimentação asfáltica é viável, pois as misturas asfálticas contendo esse resíduo apresentaram boas propriedades mecânicas de interesse à pavimentação. Além disso, os ensaios de classificação de resíduos sólidos realizados na massa asfáltica com areia de fundição, cuja classificação original é Classe II - não inerte, ) classificaram a massa asfáltica como resíduo Classe III - inerte, o que sugere um encapsulamento deste resíduo pela massa asfáltica. / Foundry sand is an industrial solid waste resulting from sand casting process in foundry industries. Depending on the type of foundry process (green sand molding, shell sand molding, molding using synthetic resin and others) and of the type cast metal, this waste may contain elements and/or chemical compounds that may cause environmental impact. The substances that may be found in foundry sand proceed partly from the type of the metal and partly from the agglutinant used on the process. The purpose of this research is to present an alternative study for the use of the foundry sand, reusing it in the composition of the aggregate for asphalt concrete and thus to contribute to minimize the environmental impact caused for this waste. To reach this purpose, classification tests of solid wastes were run in virgin sand and foundry sand and asphaltic mixtures not compacted containing both types of sand. This investigation considered the possibility of this waste when incorporated to asphaltic mixture to pollute the environment. Leaching with soxhlet extractor test in specimen of asphaltic mixture with 15% of foundry sand was also realized to evaluate the performance of this material a long-term period in environmental terms. In order to verify the performance in paving, the mixtures were submitted to Marshall method of mix design and to the tests of resilient modulus, indirect tensile strength, cantabro, resistance of compacted bituminous mixture to moisture-induced damage and static creep. Based on the results, it could be concluded that, in a general way, the reuse of foundry sand in asphaltic paving is viable, once the asphaltic mixtures containing this residue presented good mechanical properties. Besides the classification tests of solid wastes realized in asphaltic mixture containing foundry sand, which original classification as class II - no inert, passed to a classification of asphaltic mixture class III - inerte, what suggests that the waste was encapsulated in hot mix asphalt.

O objetivo principal desta pesquisa é avaliar a influência que as propriedades estudadas dos agregados exercem sobre propriedades volumétricas e mecânicas de misturas asfálticas densas. Para tanto, foram avaliadas as propriedades de consenso e de origem, especificadas pelo Superpave, de um conjunto de agregados, além de suas densidades, porosidade, absorção e adesividade. Foram estudados agregados de gabro, basalto e areia natural e três tipos de granulometrias, uma denominada AZR, passando acima da zona de restrição da especificação Superpave, e outras duas, obtidas através do sistema de seleção granulométrica Bailey. Também três níveis de energia de compactação foram aplicados às misturas, 75, 110 e 155 golpes por face do corpo-de-prova Marshall. Avaliou-se o comportamento mecânico das misturas através dos ensaios de estabilidade e fluência Marshall, fluência por compressão uniaxial uniforme, fluência por compressão uniaxial dinâmica, resistência à tração, módulo de resiliência e fadiga. Os resultados mostraram que, de uma maneira geral, o agregado de gabro apresentou superioridade em relação ao agregado de basalto e de areia natural, tanto quando analisado isoladamente como quando analisado nas misturas asfálticas. Suas características de forma, angularidade e textura superficial permitiram arranjos entre partículas adequados, formando esqueletos estruturais resistentes à deformação permanente e também à fadiga. As análises das misturas à luz da granulometria mostram que, de uma maneira geral, a granulometria AZR produziu misturas mais estáveis, mais resistentes à deformação permanente e à fadiga. Pôde-se constatar, também, que as propriedades volumétricas são sensíveis às densidades dos agregados e à taxa de absorção destes, além de serem influenciadas diretamente pelas características de superfície dos agregados e pela energia de compactação. Com o aumento da energia de compactação aplicada, as partículas angulosas e rugosas dos agregados de gabro e de basalto arranjaram-se de maneira mais próxima e, por conseqüência, houve a diminuição dos vazios do agregado mineral e elevação da estabilidade e rigidez das misturas, sem, contudo, causar prejuízos à vida de fadiga. Os estudos sobre a absorção de asfalto pelos agregados revelaram que os agregados absorvem mais asfalto quanto mais fina a espessura da película de asfalto que os envolve e, também, que misturas com um mesmo teor de asfalto absorvem quantidades semelhantes de asfalto, sendo o tempo necessário para que a absorção se complete diretamente proporcional à viscosidade (temperatura) do asfalto. / The main objective of this research is to evaluate the influence that the studied properties of aggregates have on volumetric and mechanical characteristics of dense asphalt mixtures. It was evaluated origin and consensus properties, specified by the Superpave, for a set of aggregates, besides their densities, porosity, absorption and adhesiveness. Aggregates of gabbro, basalt and natural sand were studied and three types of aggregate gradations, one called AZR, passing above the zone of restriction of the Superpave specification, and two others, obtained through the Bailey method. Three levels of compaction energy were applied, corresponding respectively to 75, 110 and 155 blows of the Marshall hammer per face of the specimen. The mechanical behavior of the hot mix asphalt (HMA) was evaluated through the Marshall stability and flow, static and dynamic creep, indirect tensile strength, resilient modulus and fatigue tests. The results showed that, in general terms, the gabbro aggregate presented a superior behavior compared to the natural sand aggregate and the basalt aggregate, based on both aggregate and asphalt mixture evaluation tests. Its characteristics of form, angularity and surface texture resulted in an adequate arrangement between particles, building a resistant structural skeleton to both permanent deformation and fatigue cracking. Analyses of the HMA mixtures as a function of gradation showed that, in general terms, AZR mixtures were more stable, more resistant to permanent deformation and to fatigue cracking than Bailey mixtures. It could be evidenced that the volumetric properties depends on the specific gravity and the absorption rate of the aggregates, being also directly influenced by aggregate surface characteristics and compaction energy. Increasing the energy applied for specimen compaction resulted, for the angular and rough particles of gabbro and basalt aggregates, in a closer arrangement, with reduction of the voids in mineral aggregate and increase of the stability and stiffness of the mixtures, without, however, causing damages that could conduct to a shorter fatigue life. The studies about absorption of asphalt by aggregates showed that the smaller the asphalt film thickness the greater the asphalt absorption. The results also showed that HMA with the same asphalt content absorb similar amounts of asphalt, although the necessary time to complete the absorption is directly proportional to the asphalt viscosity (temperature).

Pesquisas sobre aplicação de borracha de pneus descartados em pavimentação asfáltica vêm sendo desenvolvidas desde a década de 1960, especialmente nos Estados Unidos e, desde o início da década de 1990, no Brasil, como alternativa para diminuição dos problemas ambientais gerados por estes resíduos sólidos. Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo avaliar o desempenho de três misturas asfálticas do tipo concreto asfáltico usinado à quente: duas empregando teores diferentes de borracha moída e óleo de xisto (CAP 40 + 12% de borracha + 10% de óleo de xisto e CAP 40 + 20% de borracha + 15% de óleo de xisto) e uma convencional. Este estudo faz parte de um programa de pesquisa coordenado pela Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos da Universidade de São Paulo (EESC-USP), Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) e Petrobrás, envolvendo a execução de misturas com borracha e óleo de xisto em trechos experimentais. Foram realizadas dosagens Marshall e ensaios de resistência à tração, módulo de resiliência e fluência por compressão uniaxial estática. Os corpos-de-prova empregados nos ensaios foram moldados no teor ótimo de cimento asfáltico referente a cada uma das misturas. Constatou-se a viabilidade técnica da adição de óleo extensor para a incorporação de borracha de pneus descartados em concreto asfáltico, permitindo a obtenção de resultados satisfatórios quanto aos projetos de dosagem das misturas pelo método Marshall. Com base nos resultados dos ensaios realizados, acredita-se ser viável a execução de trechos experimentais empregando as duas misturas modificadas. / Researches on the application of discarded tires in asphaltic pavements has been developed since 1960, mainly in the United States and since the beginning of the 90\'s in Brazil, as an alternative to the reduction of environmental problems created by this kind of solid residues. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the performance of three hot mix asphalt concrete: two using different crumb rubber and shale oil contents (CAP 40 + 12% rubber + 10% shale oil and CAP 40 + 20% rubber + 15% shale oil) and a conventional hot mix asphalt concrete. The research is part of a major program coordinated by the Universidade de São Paulo (EESC-USP), Universidade Estadual de Maringá and Petrobras, comprehending the execution of asphaltic mixtures using tire rubber and shale oil in experimental road segments. The tests performed are: Marshall test, indirect tension, resilient modulus and static creep. The samples tested were compacted in the optimum binder content of each mixture. Good results obtained in tests confirrned the technical viability of using the shale oil as extender in crumb rubber asphalt hot mixtures. The results lead to the conclusion that experimental road sections or segments may be constructed with both tested rubber-oil modified asphalt mixtures.

A presente dissertação tem por objetivo avaliar o método Bailey de seleção granulométrica de agregados para misturas asfálticas, desenvolvido no Departamento de Transportes de Illinois (IDOT) e que vem sendo usado desde o início da década de 80. Atualmente, pesquisas têm sido desenvolvidas com o intuito de aperfeiçoar a seleção granulométrica e, conseqüentemente, o desempenho de misturas asfálticas, incluindo estudos a respeito do método Bailey. Trata-se de um método de seleção granulométrica por volume que, através de um modo sistemático de ajuste da graduação dos agregados na preparação de uma mistura asfáltica, proporciona um forte esqueleto de agregado para resistir à deformação permanente. Resulta, também, em um adequado volume de vazios no agregado mineral, o que permite um maior teor de ligante e aumento da durabilidade da mistura. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho mostram que as misturas Bailey, independentemente do tipo de agregado (basalto ou gabro), apresentam melhores resultados do que as misturas convencionais e termos de relação módulo de resiliência –resistência à tração. Os resultados do ensaio de fluência por compressão uniaxial estática indicam um melhor desempenho da mistura Bailey com basalto, embora a mistura convencional com gabro tenha apresentado um comportamento ligeiramente superior ao da mistura Bailey com gabro. / The main goal of the master thesis is the evaluation of the Bailey method of gradation selection of aggregates for hot mix asphalt (HMA). The method was developed at the Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) and it has been used since the early 1980s. Many researches are intending to improve the gradation selection and, consequently, the performance of HMA, including studies about the Bailey method. It is a method that uses a systematic way of selection and adjustment of the aggregate gradation to provide a strong aggregate skeleton. It also provides an adequate amount of voids in the mineral aggregate that result in higher binder content and improved durability. The results obtained in this work show that Bailey asphalt mixtures, for both aggregates considered, are better than conventional mixtures in terms of resilient modulus – tensile strength ratio. The results of static creep tests indicate that the Bailey mixture with basalt aggregates presents the best performance among the evaluated asphalt mixtures.

Asphalt mixture compaction is an important procedure of asphalt mixture construction and can significantly affect the performance of asphalt pavement. Many laboratory compaction methods (or devices), have been developed to study the asphalt mixture compaction. Nevertheless, the whole process from the selection of aggregate to laboratory compaction is still time-consuming and requires significant human and material resources. In order to better understand asphalt mixture compaction, some researchers began to use finite element method (FEM) to study and analyze mixture compaction. However, FEM is a continuum approach and lacks the ability to take into account the slippage and interlocking of aggregates during compaction. Discrete Element Method (DEM) is a discontinuum analysis method, which can simulate the deformation process of joint systems or discrete particle assembly under quasi-static and dynamic condition. Therefore, it can overcome the shortcomings of FEM and is a more effective tool than FEM to simulate asphalt mixture compaction. In this study, an open source 3D DEM code implemented with the C++ programming language was modified and applied to simulate the compaction of hot-mix asphalt (HMA). A viscoelastic contact model was developed in the DEM code and was verified through comparison with well established analytical solutions. The input parameters of the newly developed contact model were obtained through nonlinear regression analysis of dynamic modulus test results. Two commonly used compaction methods (Superpave gyratory compaction and asphalt vibratory compaction) and one linear kneading compaction based on APA machine were simulated using the DEM code, and the DEM compaction models were verified through the comparison between the DEM predicted results and the laboratory measured test results. The air voids distribution within the asphalt specimens was also analyzed by post processing virtual DEM compaction digital specimens and the level of heterogeneity of the air void distribution within the specimens in the vertical and lateral directions was studied. The DEM simulation results in this study were in a relatively good agreement with the experimental data and previous research results, which demonstrates that the DEM is a feasible method to simulate asphalt mixture compaction under different loading conditions and, with further research, it could be a potentially helpful tool for asphalt mix design by reducing the number of physical compactions in the laboratory.

Moisture damage in asphalt mixes refers to the loss of serviceability due to the presence of moisture. The extent of moisture damage, also called moisture susceptibility, depends on internal and external factors. The internal factors relate to the properties of the materials and the microstructure distribution, while the external factors include the environmental conditions, production and construction practices, pavement design, and traffic level. The majority of the research on moisture damage is based on the hypothesis that infiltration of surface water is the main source of moisture. Of the two other principal mechanisms of water transport, permeation of water vapor and capillary rise of subsurface water, the latter has been least explored. A laboratory test and analysis methods based on X-ray computed tomography (CT) were established to assess the capillary rise of water. The amount and size of air voids filled with water were used in the capillary rise equation to estimate the distribution of the contact angles between the water and the mastic. The results were able to show the influence of air void size on capillary rise and contact angles. The relationship between air void structure and moisture susceptibility was evaluated using a fundamental fracture model based on dissipated energy of viscoelastic materials. Detailed description is provided in this dissertation on the deduction of the model equation, the selection of the model parameters, and the required testing protocols. The model parameters were obtained using mechanical tests and surface energy measurements. The microstructure of asphalt mixes prepared in the laboratory having different air void structures was captured using X-ray CT, and image analysis techniques were used to quantify the air void structure and air void connectivity. The air void structure was found to influence the mix resistance to moisture damage. To validate the fracture model, asphalt mixes with known field performance were tested. The results demonstrated that the fracture model is an effective tool to characterize moisture susceptibility. In addition, the model showed good correlation with the reported field performance of the asphalt mixes. The findings of this study will be useful to highway engineers to evaluate asphalt mixes with alternative mix designs and internal air void structures and to estimate the rate of moisture infiltration in order to maximize the resistance of asphalt mixes to moisture damage.

Ce travail de thèse part d’un constat : d’importantes pertes thermiques sont observées lors de l’élaboration des matériaux du génie civil. Motivés par l’ajout d’une double enveloppe, les travaux contenus dans ce manuscrit visent à caractériser un échangeur de chaleur appliqué en paroi des fours rotatifs. Tout d’abord, un modèle intégré est développé, puis validé sur une centrale d’enrobage dont la paroi intérieure du four est munie de releveurs nécessaires au mélange des matériaux. Leur distribution dans la section transversale est estimée à partir d’une loi de déchargement granulaire. Les expérimentations numériques montrent que les transferts Gaz / Solide et Solide / Paroi dominent, ce dernier phénomène limitant les performances globales du procédé. L’ajout de l’échangeur sur paroi mobile est quant à lui exploré sur un banc d’essai instrumenté de type rotor-stator, avec entrée tangentielle. Développant un écoulement de type Taylor-Couette-Poiseuille, les transferts thermiques pariétaux sont caractérisés expérimentalement. Les résultats sont sans équivoque dans la gamme de nombres de Reynolds imposés : la contribution du mouvement axial surpasse le mouvement rotationnel turbulent. Une corrélation adimensionnelle basée sur le nombre de Nusselt est proposée afin d’estimer numériquement l’effet de l’échangeur sur les profils de température internes dans le four. Enfin, les structures tourbillonnaires de l’écoulement dans l’espace annulaire sont étudiées à partir d’un code de mécanique des fluides numériques utilisant la Simulation aux Grandes Echelles. Les simulations permettent de décrire les cellules contrarotatives au sein de la couche limite turbulente dont l’amplitude et la fréquence de passages sont reliées aux paramètres de fonctionnement de l’échangeur (débit axial et vitesse de rotation du four). / This work results on a finding: the heat loss from rotary kiln represents a significant energy amount during materials processing in civil engineering domain. Motivated by traditional energy recovery methods from heat exchanger, this thesis is aimed at providing their rigorous thermodynamic diagnostics. Firstly, a thermal-granular model is developed, and then validated in asphalt plant whose the rotary kiln is composed of flights to ensure the materials mixing. Their cross-section distribution is calculated from a granular discharge law. The numerical experiments showed an increase of heat transfer phenomena between gases and solids, and those between the solids and the wall, this latter phenomenon limiting the process performances. Heat recovery exchanger applied to the rotary kiln is studied from a semi-industrial pilot based on a rotor stator configuration including a tangential inlet. Developing a Taylor-Couette-Poiseuille flow, the heat transfer results are undoubted in the range of the studied Reynolds numbers: the axial motion contribution is larger than the rotational turbulent motion. A dimension less criterion is proposed in order to be applied to the aforementioned integrated model including the heat exchanger applied to the rotary kiln, its effect being assessed upon the internal thermalprofiles. Finally, the vortices flow structure within the annular gap exchanger is studied from Large Eddy simulation. The amplitude and frequency passage of the contrarotatives cells located in the turbulent boundary layer are connected to the process parameters (the axial flowrate and the kiln shell rotation).