Dakhil, Ural, & Tewfik (1987) noted that majority of people particularly in the developing world live in poverty and as a result, the acquisition of proper housing is becoming a major problem. Dakhil, Ural, & Tewfik (1987) explained that, after the Second World War, many developing countries gained independence and due to political and economic reasons, population exodus in different parts of the world occurred. This coupled with the ever increase in the population growth has contributed to increasing the housing problems in these part of the world. This problem has led governments, private sector and scholars alike to devote time to searching for mechanisms and policies that would lead to the construction of proper dwellings at a cost that would be within the reach of all concerned especially the poor and needy (Malpass & Murie, 1990). Within South Africa, an example of such policies is the social housing policy. Social housing is a relatively new concept in South Africa (SA) (Du Preez & Sale, 2013). The aim for its development is first, to restructure SA societies in order to address structural, economic, social and spatial dysfunctions and secondly, to improve and contribute to the overall functioning of the housing sector in order to widen the range of housing options available to the poor (Department of Local Government and Housing, DLGH, 2005). The purpose of this study was to examine the feasibility of a Social Housing Project, the Walmer Links Development, as an affordable and quality housing option for low income earners in the Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan.

Thesis (MPhil (Public Management and Planning))--University of Stellenbosch, 1998. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In the past the policy for the provision of low-cost housing was not very effective because the context of development planning was characterised by fragmentation, segregation and isolation from the targeted communities. The reasons for this are that these development programmes were not participatory and that they contributed to dependency rather than empowerment of communities. Selected case studies have shown that without the involvement of the community in planning and decision-making low-income housing projects cannot meet the needs and demands of the community for improvement in an effective and efficient way. One of the basic principles of The Reconstruction and Development Programme is that development projects should be people-driven. The policy framework clearly states that delivery systems in housing will depend upon community participation. This current study sought to determine whether delivery systems in low-income housing projects have made this paradigm shift - that they are participatory and need-driven. The study is descriptive and issue-oriented limiting itself to understanding the process of low-income housing provision to newly-urbanised Africans in Mfuleni, a peri-urban settlement in the Cape-Metropole. Interviews were conducted with 100 respondents male or female heads of households, using a semi-structured questionaire. The study gave respondents an opportunity to share their experiences regarding the process of community participation in housing provision.

M.Com. (Economics) / The banks role in financing growth and development has come under the spotlight over the past year, as part of a political debate about what role the private sector should be playing to address South Africa's social and economic problems. The introduction of the proposed Community Reinvestment Bill raised the prospect that banks could be forced by government into financing low cost housing. In my opinion community reinvestment must not be pursued through the introduction of legislation by government but rather through sustainable partnerships between government and the private sector which could deal with all aspects of community reinvestment. The main purpose of the study then is to propose a framework for this partnership between government and the private sector in providing housing finance to low income housing consumers. In this way community reinvestment will be multi-faceted, reflecting the need of government to introduce concrete sanctions against racial and geographic discrimination whilst facilitating the establishment of banking capacity and foster banker willingness to support local economic development programmes. An extended literature study was undertaken which literature study serves to document current viewpoints, principles and existing research on the research objective. From the literature study, the reasons for the failure of the United States of America version of the Community Reinvestment Act is stated, the objective of the proposed Community Reinvestment Bill is considered as well as the housing finance system into which government wants to introduce this Bill. The introduction of community reinvestment is not conducive to economic growth and to illustrate this argument, the provision of housing finance by either the banks or government is considered. The attitudes, perceptions and financial behaviour of the low income housing finance consumers was also considered by documenting existing research that has already been done in this regard. A recommendation is made on a possible framework for implementation of community reinvestment in the South African environment.

M.Com. (Economics) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

Research report submitted to the Department of Building, University of the Witwatersrand in partial fulfiment of the degree MSc (Building) by Course Work / The objective of this report is to investigate certain structural imbalances in the South African financial system to assess if the technique of' mortgage securitization may serve to alleviate deficiencies in the provision of housing finance as well as prerequisite in creating a secondary mortgage market in South Africa. (Abbreviation abstract ) / Andrew Chakane 2018

Thesis (MTech. degree in Public Management.)--Tshwane University of Technology, 2012. / This study has examined the implementation of the incremental housing process, or as the researcher has termed it, self-driven housing, in rural South Africa. Self-driven housing is the type of housing where individual households drive the processes of addressing their own housing issues, with government playing a supporter role. The purpose of the study was to obtain a thorough understanding of how this process has been implemented internationally and in South Africa to improve the lives and living spaces of the rural poor. Most importantly, this study was aimed at investigating whether this process can be considered a viable alternative to the provision of free low-cost government houses in the quest for reducing the housing backlog, in South Africa in general, and urban areas in particular. In other words, "Can the self-driven housing approach be a solution to the housing crisis in South Africa?"

The huge housing backlog that plagues South Africa requires concerted effort to develop capacity for low-income delivery systems that will improve the socioeconomic conditions of low-income people. Social housing, and housing associations in particular are recent housing delivery systems that promise to meet the needs of low-income people in South Africa. It is the intention of this research to investigate to what extent housing associations can improve housing delivery and improve the socio-economic conditions of low-income people. The literature review provides information on national experience in housing delivery. It investigates the difficulties of housing provision and how delivery fails to meet the needs of low-income people in South Africa. An international model of housing associations is used to provide an alternative form of delivery that may assist in reducing the backlog. The research uses integrated development as a framework for housing delivery. This paradigm advocates mixed landuse, and mixed income housing. Thus, it a move against 'housing in the veld" and 'one house one plot' delivery, and encourages housing delivery that is integrated with other functions within the inner city. Two examples of Johannesburg's inner city housing associations, namely Navarone and Jeppe Oval are used as case studies. These two case studies suit an integrated development approach. The survey includes a sample of 30 people from the two housing associations. Data analysis of the socio-economic issues and responses of tenants suggests that housing associations provide better living conditions and therefore a viable option for housing delivery in inner city areas of South Africa. / Thesis (M.Sc.U.R.P.)-University of Natal, Durban, 1998.

Social Housing is a new form of housing delivery in South Africa that has fast gained recognition in the housing sector in the last ten years, because it has proven to be a viable option in solving the housing shortage. It is an affordable option because the government provides funding through subsidies and profit is not earned from the rents paid. Social housing can be in the form of houses, block of flats or townhouses located in Greenfield developments, infill areas or in inner city blocks that are purchased or renovated. The buildings are managed by social housing institutions through public and private funding. This dissertation evaluated and compared two types of social housing schemes, namely, Greenfield developments and refurbished/converted buildings in terms of their affordability, management and the quality of the built environment. The evaluation was done by analyzing their similarities and differences, to reveal which typology delivers a better quality living environment. It also investigated the type of social housing development most suitable for the South African environment and meets the objectives and principles of social housing. The study analysed four existing social housing developments, three in Durban and one in Pietermaritzburg, two were refurbished buildings, and the other two, Greenfield developments. Information was collected by conducting household surveys, interviews and discussions with the residents and management of the housing schemes. The case studies revealed interesting contrasts as well as some important similarities among the social housing schemes. The main findings showed both typologies were functional in providing affordable housing though Greenfield developments proved to be a better alternative in terms of effective management, tenant participation and better built environments. The study proposes recommendations to improve social housing delivery in South Africa such as making social housing affordable, strategies for affordable security and safety systems; energy efficient designs and considerations for persons with special needs. / Thesis (M.Housing)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2009.

M.Phil. / In order for developers to provide reasonable engineering services as well as a liveable dwelling unit within the existing housing subsidy, a substantial increase in residential density is required. Increased urban densities will decrease engineering services costs due to a greater sharing ability. This study was undertaken in order to quantify the benefits of urban densification on engineering services. The financial problems of Local Authorities in South Africa due to the entrenched culture of non-payment for services, is causing a rapid decline in the sustainability of engineering services due also to low, or non-existent maintenance. The "housing" currently delivered, its nature and continued sustainability are being severely criticized. Few differences exist between the housing currently being delivered and those provided under the previous government. Houses are provided in areas on affordable land normally far from the work place. The type of housing being constructed consists mostly of the single storey, free standing units on separate erven. These types of developments encourage urban sprawl, require very expensive engineering services and discourage the establishment of an economic public transport system. Possible solutions to the workforce/job opportunity problem include mixed land use and residential densification.

M.Comm. / Verstedeliking, veral in die ontwikkelende lande, is die norm van die dag. Dit is ook meer sigbaar as ooit in Suid Afrika. Gepaard met hierdie tendens dra versnelde populasiegroei,in beide stedelike en landelike gebiede by tot die enorme tekort aan voldoende behuising in Suid Afrika. Alhoewel daar daadwerklike pogings van Regeringskant is om die groot tekort op behuisings gebied aan te spreek, is daar onderliggende faktore wat hierdie proses kniehalter. Nasionale en Provinsiale Regering vind hulself in 'n baie ongemaklike situasie. Daar is die minderheid populasie wat 'n huis besit, maar daar is aan die anderkant die groot meerderheid van ons populasie wat nie 'n huis het nie en ook nie een finansieel kan bekostig nie. Tot op datum is die stadige leweringsproses van die dilemma onaanvaarbaar vir die meeste huisloses. Die meganismes werk stadig en rompslomp bestuur vertraag die proses daagliks. Die doelwit wat die Regering daar gestel het om een miljoen nuwe huise voor die einde van die jaar 1999 te voorsien word ernstig deur byna alle Suid Afrikaners bevraagteken. Alhoewel die politieke wil vir die lewering van huise daar is, word die beloftes om te lewer nie gestand gedoen nie. Daar is natuurlik verskeie redes waarom daar nie aan die behoeftes voorsien kan word nie en die doel van hierdie studie is om die moontlike beperkende faktore te ,ondersoek. As 'n gevolg van die totale omvang van die behuisings tekort, word daar slegs na enkele makro faktore gekyk en sluit dit dus mikro faktore uit. Hierdie makro faktore sluit bekostigbaarheid, populasie verspreiding en opleiding in en word in hoofstuk 2 breedvoerig uitgelig. Die mees beduidende beperkende faktor wat die lewering van behuising beinvloed is die bekostigbaarheid van huishoudings. Werkskeppings programme, saam met die verbetering van ongeballanseerde inkomevlakke sal as oogmerk die enigste manier wees waarop hierdie behoefte bevredig sal kan word. Die behuisings dilemma en gegewe die huidige ekonomiese toestande, het die perkende faktore natuurlik ook verrykende implikasies op Suid Afrika se ekonomiese vermoe en finansiele bronne. In die lig Kievan was dit dan ook nodig om te kyk na beleidsrigting, kommunikasie, finansiering en die subsidie skema van die owerheid. Nieteenstaande hierdie faktore en beperkinge is dit geregverdig om die Nasionale Regering krediet te gee van wat wel bereik is in die tydperk sedert die 1994 verkiesing en ook hoe die ekonomiese program GEAR hierdie pogings raak. Dit blyk duidelik uit die studie dat die optimistiese benadering wat net na die 1994 verkiesing gevolg is, groot verwagting geskep het by Jan-alleman. Hierdie verwagting blyk nou ook onrealisties te wees en hierdie studie bring perspektief tot die realiteit dat Suid Afrikaners nog vir 'n baie lang tydperk geduldig moet wees om behuising van goeie kwaliteit te bekom. Massa lewering van huise kan nie oornag plaasvind nie. Realiteit moet by die bevolking van Suid Afrika tuisgebring word. 'n Kultuur van gemeenskapsbetrokkenheid sal uit die aard van die saak die Regering se taak soveel meer vergemaklik.