Undergraduate honors paper--Mount Holyoke College, 2007. Dept. of Philosophy. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 109).

Thesis (M.L. Ar.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987. / Vita. Abstract. Bibliography: leaves 33-35. Also available via the Internet.

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Submitted by HELENA CORDEIRO BARROSO null (helenacbarroso@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-08-25T12:28:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação de Mestrado - Helena Cordeiro Barroso (1).pdf: 1348821 bytes, checksum: b9ca798331e7edef67ddc02a129d3326 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-08-25T16:26:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 barroso_hc_me_araca.pdf: 1348821 bytes, checksum: b9ca798331e7edef67ddc02a129d3326 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-25T16:26:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 barroso_hc_me_araca.pdf: 1348821 bytes, checksum: b9ca798331e7edef67ddc02a129d3326 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-21 / O Nebivolol (Neb) é um antagonista dos receptores β1-Adrenérgicos (β1-RA) de terceira geração que causa vasodilatação efeito mediado pelo óxido nítrico e redução do estresse oxidativo (EO) em modelos pré-clínicos e estudos clínicos de Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS). Este estudo avaliou os níveis de biomarcadores de estresse oxidativo e atividade de sistemas antioxidantes enzimáticos e não-enzimáticos na saliva de pacientes hipertensos antes e após o tratamento com doses terapêuticas anti-hipertensivas de Neb. Vinte e quatro pacientes hipertensos foram tratados com 5 mg/dia de Neb por oito semanas consecutivas. Amostras de saliva não estimulada foram coletadas de pacientes com idade entre 25 a 70 anos para análise da capacidade antioxidante total (CAT), a qual foi medida pelo Método FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power), a atividade enzimática da superóxido dismutase (SOD) e quantificação do ácido úrico (AU) antes (NT, grupo não tratado) e após tratamento (T, grupo tratado) com Neb. Adicionalmente, parâmetros clínicos, bioquímicos e eletrocardiográficos foram avaliados em ambos os grupos. Os grupos foram comparados pelo teste t de Student, pareado (p<0,05). Neb não alterou os valores de CAT (NT:1,697 ± 0,433 versus T: 1,674 ± 0,092 mmol/L, p=0,8454), ou a atividade da SOD (EA- NT: 66,56 ± 4,977 versus T: 60,66 ± 6,376 UE/mL, p=0,4886) na saliva. No entanto, o tratamento com Neb aumentou a concentração do AU em pacientes tratados (NT: 24,64 ± 1,686 versus T: 35,56 ± 2,014 mg/mL, p=0,0002). Os parâmetros clínicos, bioquímicos e eletrocardiográficos foram positivamente alterados com o tratamento com Neb. Nosso estudo demonstrou que o tratamento com Neb aumentou o AU na saliva de pacientes hipertensos em contexto de prática clínica real, aumentando a atividade do sistema antioxidante não-enzimático na saliva de pacientes que foram tratados com Neb. Nossos dados sugerem que o Neb pode estender seu potencial terapêutico, elevando a proteção cardiovascular contra o estresse oxidativo em adição ao seu efeito anti-hipertensivo. / Nebivolol (Neb) is third-generation selective β1-adrenergic receptor antagonist which causes vasodilation (by nitric oxide release) and has been shown to reduce oxidative stress (OS) in pre-clinical models and clinical studies. This study aimed to evaluate the OS levels and the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems in saliva of patients with ESH before and after anti-hypertensive therapeutic doses of Neb. Twenty-four essential hypertensive patients were treated with 5 mg Neb once daily for a total of 8 weeks. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected from 25 to 70 years-old patients for evaluation of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), which were measured by the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, as well as to assess the activity of enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, SOD) and non-enzymatic (uric acid, UA) antioxidant systems, respectively before (C, control group) and after treatment (T, treated group) with Neb. Additionally, clinical, biochemical and electrocardiographic parameters were evaluated in both groups. Data were analyzed by paired Student’s t-test (p < 0.05). Neb did not alter TAC values (UT: 1,697 ± 0,433 versus T: 1,674 ± 0,092 mmol/L, p=0,8454), or SOD activity (EA-UT: 66,56 ± 4,977 versus T: 60,66 ± 6,376 UE/mL, p=0,4886) in saliva. However, Neb treatment increased salivary UA activity in treated patients (UT: 24,64 ± 1,686 versus T: 35,56 ± 2,014 mg/mL, p=0,0002). Clinical, electrocardiographic and biochemical parameters were positively changed with Neb treatment. Our study showed that Neb increased UA, an OS biomarker, in saliva of hypertensive patients in a context of real clinical practice. Therefore this compound could extend its therapeutic potential, providing cardiovascular protection in addition to its β1-antagonist effect.

International politics has always been characterised by conflict. This has been true regardless of the political systems in place or of any specific time in the history of humanity. Inter-state conflict exists today despite the fact that the vast majority of the states of the world are members of the United Nations and signatories to various treaties aimed at removing conflict as a means of state action. The realist school of thought argues that the international system is characterised by continual state conflict, caused by competition over scarce resources. The propensity towards conflict is argued to be an essential characteristic of human nature and, as such, human nature is considered to be aggressive and conflictual. Thus, for the realist, inter-state competition, coupled with aggressive human nature, constitutes the primary cause of interstate conflict. This thesis aims to examine two criticisms of the realist position in depth. The first concerns the attribution of human nature to states. This logical progression is problematic because it creates a type of „state-nature‟ that cannot be defended without providing a logical link between the individual, the group and the state. It is therefore an aim of this thesis to provide this link, using methodological individualism, in order to provide a basis for the attribution of human nature to states. The second aim of this thesis is to examine the notion of human nature that is offered by the realists. It is not enough to claim that human nature is aggressive and conflictual merely because conflict has characterised international relations throughout history. Rather, one should examine the individual‟s psychological development, in order to gain an understanding of aggressive instincts apparent in human nature. The thesis therefore examines psychoanalysis in order to attempt an understanding both of human nature, and of the conditions under which human nature may manifest itself in an aggressive, conflictual manner. The intention of this thesis, then, is to provide a defence of political realism, highlighting the shortcomings of the two criticisms outlined above.

Conflicts between humans and baboons (Papio ursinus) have become a significant management challenge on Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University’s (NMMUs) George Campus, which is located in peri-urban George in the Garden Route, of the Western Cape of South Africa. Current management policy, although required to be ‘scientifically’ based, largely relies on studies done outside the Garden Route. This study addresses the question of how the management of human-baboon relations could be improved on the campus. A case study was undertaken which aimed at addressing the cohabitation of baboons and humans on the NMMU campus, specifically human-baboon resource selection and interaction. The research methodology and the related analytical tools were primarily quantitative but were supplemented by some qualitative data drawn from interviews. Data collected was used to determine landscape features acting as Keystone Resource Areas (KRAs) for both humans and baboons on the campus. Relationships between the frequency and location of negative interactions, and resident-baboon distribution on the campus were also determined. Two key findings emerged from the research. First, residences, non-residence buildings and waste disposal stations act as KRAs for both humans and baboons. Second, the frequency of negative interaction correlates with the time spent by residents and baboons at residences, where common negative interactions between baboons and humans are known to occur. It is postulated that cohabitation on the NMMU George Campus is causing the habituation of baboons, a loss of fear of humans and association of humans with high energy foods. As a result, present cohabitation contributes to negative human-baboon relations in the George area. To ensure sustainable co-existence between humans and baboons on the George Campus, management should implement zonation and wildlife monitoring to reverse the loss of baboon fear of humans and better limit the availability of human-derived foods. In addition, management should consider giving stakeholders co-management roles to foster and facilitate knowledge and responsibility partnerships, and subsequently correct any misunderstandings related to human-baboon relations on the campus. Recommendations for further research include sampling beyond campus boundaries to compensate for regional variations in baboon behaviour and the biophysical environment.

This study is concerned with the measurable physiological changes in human beings in the presence of musical stimuli.

A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfilment of requirements for the degree of Master of Science. Johannesburg, 2015. / The aim of this study was to model internal migration in South Africa using the 2011 Census data. The net-internal migration was modelled in the district municipalities of South Africa using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR). In this study, the following global and local modelling techniques were used, Gravity, Poisson, Negative Binomial (NB), Gamma, and GWR model (local model). Poisson and NB failed to fit the migration data, while the Gamma model managed to fit the data reasonably well. The GWR model performed better than OLS regression in modelling net-internal migration in district municipalities of South Africa. The results from these models revealed that there was a strong relationship between internal migration and economic variables, as well as living conditions and demographic variables. The Monte Carlo significance test results showed that the parameters of the white population vary significantly across space. The results of the study signal that the differences in social and economic disparities in the district municipalities of South Africa are the drivers of internal migration.

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