Call number: LD2668 .T4 1966 K44 / Master of Science

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1979 C52 / Master of Science

LD2668 .T4 1962 P38

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1965 D27 / Master of Science

To predict the final eye position in the middle of a saccadic eye movement will require long-range prediction. This dissertation investigated techniques for doing this. Many important results about saccadic eye movements and current prediction techinques were reviewed. New prediction techinques have been developed and tested for real saccadic data in computer. Three block processing predictors, two-point linear predictor (TPLP), five-point quadratic predictor (FPQP), and nine-point cubic predictor (NPCP), were derived based on the matrix approach. A different approach to deriving the TPLP, FPQP, and NPCP based on the difference equation was also developed. The difference equation approach is better than the matrix approach because it is not necessary to compute the matrix inversion. Two polynomial predictors: the polynomial-filter predictor 1 (PFP1), which is a linear combination of a TPLP and an FPQP, and the polynomial-filter predictor 2 (PFP2), which is a linear combination of a TPLP, and FPQP, and an NPCP, were also derived. Two recursive predictors: the recursive-least-square (RLS) predictor and the least-mean-square (LMS) predictor, were derived. Results show that the RLS and LMS predictors perform better than TPLP, FPQP, NPCP, PFP1, and PFP2 in the prediction of saccadic eye movements. A mathematical way of verifying the accuracy of the recursive-least-square predictor was developed. This technique also shows that the RLS predictor can be used to identify a signal. Results show that a sinusoidal signal can be described as a second-order difference equation with coefficients 2cosω and -1. In the same way, a cubic signal can be realized as a fourth-order difference equation with coefficients 4, -6, 4, and -1. A parabolic signal can be written as a third-order difference equation with coefficients 3, -3, and 1. And a triangular signal can be described as a second-order difference equation with coefficients 2 and -1. In this dissertation, all predictors were tested with various signals such as saccadic eye movements, ECG, sinusoidal, cubic, triangular, and parabolic signals. The FFT of these signals were studied and analyzed. Computer programs were written in systems language C and run on UNIX supported minicomputer VAX11/750. Results were discussed and compared to that of short-range prediction problems.

The objective of this research effort is to design and implement a laboratory and establish a research method focused on scientific evaluation of human factors considerations for military individual equipment under both laboratory and field conditions. This integrated approach for laboratory and field conditions is the first of its kind for military human factors research, enabling an unparalleled degree of scientific rigor in the collection of empirical human factors data. This effort includes: 1) a state-of-the-art usability laboratory designed specifically for quantitatively evaluating military individual equipment / 2) a rugged, embarkable, fully self-contained, portable usability laboratory for field research in military environments / 3) a codified manual for using the two main configurations (stationary and portable) of the usability laboratory, written for the beginning usability researcher / 4) a set of validated procedures for applying sound human factors principles, and traditional and non-parametric statistics to the specific problem of usability testing of military individual equipment / 5) a proof-of-concept practical application of the laboratory and procedures to a specific problem, namely the usability testing of ruggedized personal digital assistants (RPDAs) designed for United States Special Forces operations.

No description available.

Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

Orientador: Luiz Gonzaga Campos Porto / Banca: Paulo Kawauchi / Banca: Renato Crivellari Creppe / Resumo: Este estudo tem como objetivo identificar e analisar as condições ergonômicas que interferem nas atividades laborais do enfermeiro, visando à melhoria das condições operacionais e organizacionais de suas atividades. No desenvolvimento do trabalho, realizou-se a análise ergonômica dos postos de trabalho de uma enfermaria feminina de uma Santa Casa de Misericórdia e também a análise ambiental visando o conforto dos trabalhadores conforme determina a NR 17 - Ergonomia, através das avaliações de iluminação e dos níveis de ruído do local. Para a avaliação dos postos de trabalho, dividiu-se a pesquisa em quatro fases: análise do ambiente físico, análise da organização do trabalho, análise da população trabalhadora e análise do posto de trabalho. No estudo, constatou-se não conformidades ergonômicas do local, dificultando as realizações das tarefas executadas pelos enfermeiros, causando estresse e desinteresse pela atividade. Os estudos ergonômicos das funções de trabalho visaram estabelecer parâmetros que permitam a adequação das condições de trabalho às características psicofisiológicas e biomecânicas inerentes aos trabalhadores. Na análise das condições de trabalho incluíram-se aspectos relacionados ao levantamento, transporte e descarga de materiais; aos movimentos repetitivos; ao mobiliário; aos equipamentos e às condições ambientais dos postos de trabalho e a própria organização do trabalho. Verificou-se nas avaliações ambientais que a iluminância da enfermaria encontra-se abaixo dos valores determinados pela NBR 5413 - Iluminâncias de interiores, e que os níveis de ruído, segundo a NBR 10152 - Níveis de ruído para conforto acústico, estão acima dos normalizados. Mediante essas considerações foram propostas melhorias nas condições de trabalho, assim como um projeto de iluminação, a fim desta enfermaria melhorar as condições de acordo com as normas da NR-17 / Abstract: This study had as objective to identify and to analyze the ergonomic conditions that intervene with the labor activities of the nurse, aiming to the improvement of the operational and organizational conditions of its activities. At the development of the work, it was become fulfilled ergonomic analysis of the working spots of a feminine nurse at a given hospital, and also the ambient analysis aiming to the workers' comfort in agreement to norm 17 NR - Ergonomics, through the evaluations of illumination and the levels of noise at these places. For the evaluation of the working spots, the research has been divided in four stages: analysis of the physical environment, analysis of the organization of the work, analysis of the diligent population and analysis of the working spot. In the study non ergonomic conformity at the place was evidenced, making it difficult the accomplishments of the tasks executed by the nurses, causing disinterest in the activity and stress. The ergonomic studies of the functions of the work had aimed to establish parameters that allow the adequacy of the working conditions to the inherited psycophisiologics and biomechanical characteristics of the workers. In the analysis of the work conditions, aspects related to lifting, transport and discharge of materials have been included, such as to repetitive movements, the furniture, the equipment and the ambient conditions of the working spots and the working organization itself. It was verified in the ambient evaluations that the luminance of the infirmary is below the values determined by the NBR 5413 - luminance of interiors, and that the levels of noise according to NBR 10152 - levels of noise for acoustic comfort, are above-normal. Taking everything into account, proposals of improvements in the work conditions have been proposed, as well as a project of illumination for the infirmary, to improve the conditions in accordance to the norms of the NR -17 / Mestre

Orientador: Tânia Adas Saliba Rovida / Banca: Andréia Antoniuk Presta / Banca: Dagmar de Paula Queluz / Resumo: A aplicação da ergonomia, ciência responsável pela organização do trabalho e os elementos que o constituem, é de fundamental importância na odontologia, considerando que a prevalência de doenças ocupacionais é alta entre os cirurgiões-dentistas. Os objetivos foram avaliar o cumprimento dos princípios ergonômicos na prática odontológica em diferentes especialidades, por acadêmicos e profissionais de odontologia e relatar o uso de novas tecnologias digitais no ensino da ergonomia. Trata-se de um estudo observacional, descritivo, realizado em um Laboratório de Ensaios Ergonômicos. Foram filmados, por quatro câmeras de monitoramento, 64 procedimentos odontológicos, realizados por seis formandos do Curso de Odontologia e por dois Cirurgiões-dentistas em quatro especialidades: Periodontia, Dentística, Cirurgia e Traumatologia Buco-Maxilo-Facial (CTBMF) e Endodontia. Os atendimentos foram avaliados segundo oito normas posturais ergonômicas preconizadas pela ISO/FDI para procedimentos odontológicos. Desenvolveu-se, com base nas observações do estudo, uma metodologia de ensino apoiada no uso de tecnologias e do aprendizado baseado em problemas, com 20 alunos, tendo as normas da ISO/FDI como fundamentação teórica. A especialidade de Endodontia foi a que apresentou os resultados mais baixos com média de 3,69 pontos positivos, seguido da CTBMF com 4,03, Dentística 4,26 e a Periodontia 5,99 pontos; o tempo médio de trabalho dos acadêmicos foi de 62,3 minutos. A posição das costas em relação ao encosto e à angulação incorreta das pernas foram os erros posturais mais visualizados. Observaram-se, durante procedimentos que demandaram maior tempo de trabalho, mais infrações às normas ergonômicas: (p<0,01). Na avaliação com profissionais, os atendimentos na especialidade de Periodontia... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The application of ergonomics, science responsible for the organization of work and the elements that constitute it, is of fundamental importance in dentistry, considering that the prevalence of occupational diseases is high among dentists. The objectives were to evaluate the fulfillment of ergonomic principles in dental practice in different specialties by academics and practitioners of dentistry and report the use of new digital technologies in the teaching of ergonomics. It was developed an observational, descriptive study conducted in a Laboratory of Ergonomics. It was filmed by four monitoring cameras, 64 dental procedures performed by 6 graduates of the School of Dentistry and 2 dentists in four specialties: Periodontics, Dentistry, Surgery and Traumatology Maxillo-Facial and Endodontics. The sessions were analyzed according to eight postural ergonomic standards recommended by the ISO / FDI for dental procedures. Developed, based on the observations of the study, a methodology for the teaching supported by the use of technology and problem-based learning, with 20 students, having the standards of ISO / FDI as theoretical foundation. The specialty of endodontics was the one with the lower results by the academics, with an average of 3.69 positive points, followed by Surgery and Traumatology Maxillo-Facial with 4.03, 4.26 of Dentistry, and Periodontics 5.99 points, the average time of academics work was 62.3 minutes. The position of the back against the backrest and leg incorrect angulation were the postural errors more displayed. Observed during the procedures that demanded more time working, more ergonomic rules infractions: (p <0.01). In evaluating professional, dental care in the specialty of Periodontics were... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre