Foram poucos os estudos realizados para avaliar a capacidade da cavidade dos seios frontais para a diferenciação sexual. No entanto, a predição do sexo dos indivíduos é o passo mais importante para o desenvolvimento de um perfil biológico confiável durante a análise de restos esqueléticos. O advento da tomografia computadorizada por feixe cônico trouxe uma série de vantagens à clínica odontológica, e a quantidade de pacientes que realizam exames tomográficos para fins de diagnóstico tem aumentado cada vez mais permitindo com que estes dados sejam úteis para propósitos de identificação forense. Neste estudo, o objetivo foi propor uma nova metodologia para avaliar a capacidade de imagens em 3D da cavidade sinusal frontal, provenientes de tomografia computadorizada por feixe cônico, em determinar dimorfismo sexual entre os indivíduos. A amostra da pesquisa foi composta por 130 exames (65 do sexo masculino e 65 do sexo feminino) que foram segmentados e reconstruídos tridimensionalmente. O volume 3D foi exportado em formato Tiff nas normas frontal, lateral e basal. E as seguintes variáveis foram mensuradas em um segundo programa: área, perímetro, retângulo delimitador, elipse delimitadora, circularidade, razão de aspecto, arredondamento do objeto, solidez e diâmetro de Feret. O estudo foi capaz de demonstrar a existência de dimorfismo sexual com uma acurácia do modelo final de regressão logística igual a 80,0%. A norma basal foi a que garantiu maior poder de explicação na equação final. A metodologia foi validada e os resultados mostraram alto grau de confiabilidade. / There were few studies to assess the ability of the cavity of the frontal sinuses for sexual differentiation. However, the prediction of the sex of the individuals is the most important step in the development of a reliable biological profile during analysis of skeletal remains. The advent of cone beam computed tomography brought a number of advantages to the dental clinic, and the number of patients undergoing CT scans for diagnostic purposes has increased increasingly allowing that these data are useful for forensic identification purposes. The study aimed to propose a new methodology to assess the 3D images capacity of the frontal sinus cavity, from computed tomography cone beam, to attribute sexual dimorphism between individuals. The survey sample consisted of 130 exams (65 male and 65 female) who were reconstructed three-dimensionally. The 3D volume was exported in Tiff format in the frontal, side and basal views. In addition, the following variables were measured in a second program: area, perimeter, bounding rectangle, ellipse fit, circularity, aspect ratio, roundness, solidity and Feret\'s diameter. The study was able to demonstrate the existence of sexual dimorphism with an accuracy of the final logistic regression model equal to 80.0%. The basal view assured greater explanatory power in the final equation. The methodology has been validated and the results showed a high degree of reliability.

Comment comprendre qu’un bébé naissant doté de vitalité et de potentialités à l’humanité, devienne un jour tueur en série ? Cette thèse propose une étude de la psychogenèse de la violence du tueur en série, à travers les cinq périodes qui structurent le développement humain : archaïque, infantile, latence, adolescence, adulte. Elle s’appuie sur un cas clinique et sur du matériel expertal. Ma réflexion s’ouvre par un parallèle avec la clinique du génocide, qui conduit à définir la criminalité des tueurs en série comme un crime contre l’Humain, invitant dès lors à reconstruire les différentes étapes de la déstructuration de leur processus d’humanisation. Le contexte d’émergence de cette criminalité est situé dans la rencontre avec un environnement parental impitoyable qui a désorganisé doublement, chez le bébé, l’appropriation de l’identité humaine héritée génétiquement mais aussi la construction de l’identité subjective construite au fil de l’enfance. La criminalité du tueur en série est envisagée comme une « organisation défensive » dirigée contre une « agonie primitive » spécifique (ou « angoisse impensable ») qui a « offensé » le potentiel à l’humanité du bébé, dans la lignée des théories de D. W. Winnicott. La violence du tueur en série est étudiée grâce à une construction théorico-clinique créée sur mesure, mais elle est aussi resituée dans le cadre plus large de l’inhumanité de l’humain. Surtout, cette thèse a le souci constant de proposer une réflexion accessible au lecteur néophyte en quête de réponses (victimes, familles de victimes, professionnels de terrain peu habitués à la terminologie psychanalytique). / How shall we understand that a new born baby full of life and ready to embrace humanity might become one day a serial killer ? The purpose of this thesis is to study the psychogenesis of the serial killer violence through the analysis of the five key stages which are structuring human devel-opment : archaic stage, childish stage, latency stage, teenage & adult stages. This work is based on a clinical case and experts’ documents.My work is starting with a comparison with the clinical analysis of a genocide, which is de-fining serial killers’ criminality as a crime against humankind, and therefore leading us to rebuilding the different steps of their humanity breakdown process. The context, in which this criminality is emerging, lays in the confluence with a ruthless parental environment which has disorganized both the baby’s ownership of the genetically inherited human identity and the construction of a subjective identity. The serial killer criminality is considered as a “defense organization” aimed at protecting against a specific “primitive agony” (or “unthinkable anxiety”) which has “offended” the baby’s potential to humanity – in line with D.W. Winnicott’s theories.The serial killer’s violence is studied using a custom made theoretical and clinical construction, but it is also considered in the wider scope of human inhumanity. More importantly, this thesis aims at providing analysis and understanding which are accessible to neophyte readers looking for answers (victims and their families, field experts not used to psychoanalytic terminology).