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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Red Sea Acropora hemprichii Bacterial Population Dynamics under Adverse Anthropogenic Conditions

Lizcano, Javier 08 1900 (has links)
Reef-building corals are cornerstones of life in the oceans. Understanding their interactions with microorganisms and their surrounding physicochemical conditions is important to comprehend reef functioning and ultimately protect coral reef ecosystems. Corals associate with a complex and specific array of microorganisms that supposedly affect their physiology and therefore can significantly determine the condition of a coral ecosystem. As environmental conditions may shape bacterial diversity and ecology in the coral symbiosis, ecosystem changes might have unfavorable consequences for the holobiont, to date poorly understood. Here, we were studying microbial community changes in A. hemprichii as a consequence of simulated eutrophication and overfishing over a period of 16 weeks by using in situ caging and slow release fertilizer treatments in an undisturbed Red Sea reef (22.18ºN, 38.57ºW). We used 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing to evaluate the individual and combined effects of overnutrification and fishing pressure, two of the most common local threats to coral reefs. With our data we hope to better understand bacterial population dynamics under anthropogenic influences and its role in coral resilience. Projecting further, this data will be useful to better predict the consequences of human activity on reef ecosystems.
2

Aménagement de la zone littorale européenne et ses problèmes environnementaux : pour une nouvelle typologie / Management of the European coastal area and its environmental problems

Nassica, Catherine 24 June 2015 (has links)
Le présent travail essaye de démontrer que le littoral, à l’échelle du temps, est un domaine d’appropriation multiple par les sociétés. Il l’établit en trois étapes : définition de l’entité « littoral », prise en considération de l’eau dans l’aménagement et empreinte humaine néfaste. Il considère le littoral tel un organisme riche en vie et une interface entre les mondes terrestre et maritime. Il utilise les approches multiscalaire et géométrique pour appréhender l’hétérogénéité morphologique, la diversité biologique et la dimension spatiale. Il quantifie et qualifie, afin de caractériser les phénomènes naturels et les événements induits et afin d’énoncer une dominante révélatrice, l’eau, qui est à prendre en considération dans un aménagement respectueux de l’environnement littoral. Il analyse et synthétise les données des quatre terrains sélectionnés, fait émerger les spécificités et les problèmes environnementaux et recherche un état d’équilibre par une mise en valeur de la dynamique endogène. Il expose la relation diachronique de l’homme avec ces milieux et la prise de conscience a posteriori de la communauté scientifique sur le devenir des territoires littoraux, face aux nouvelles conditions climatiques. L’objectif de cette thèse est de mettre en évidence l’utilisation optimale de la ressource « littoral » et de révéler ses potentialités plurielles en vue d’un développement durable, où l’aménagement est la clé de voûte d’un nouveau modèle d’organisation bio–spatio–temporelle (BST). Cette approche holistique introduit la politique adaptative et la conscience collective, en vue d’un aménagement évolutif et d’une moralisation des usages du littoral et du 6ème continent. / This work tries to demonstrate, on the time scale, that the littoral is a domain of multiple appropriations by the human societies. It is made up of three stages: the definition of the « coast » entity, the water consideration in the management and the negative human influences. It considers the coast as a lifelike organism and an interface between land and sea worlds. It uses the multistage and geometrical approach to apprehend the morphological heterogeneity, the biological diversity and the spatial dimension. It quantifies and qualifies to characterize the natural phenomenon and the induced events by human beings and to announce the importance of the water, which has to be considered into a respectful management of the coastal environment. It analyzes and synthesizes the data from four selected sites, it brings out the specificities and the environmental problems and looking for a steady state by an enhancement of endogenous dynamics. It describes the diachronic relationship of man with this environment of transition and the awareness subsequent of the scientific community on the future of the coastal areas, face to new climatic conditions. The aim of this thesis is to prove the optimized use of « coast » resource and to valorize its plural potentialities for a sustainable development, where the management is the keystone of a new model, the bio-spatial-temporal (BST) organization. This holistic approach introduces the adaptive politics and the collective consciousness, for an evolutionary management and for a moralization of coast and of 6th continent use.

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