The field of strategic human resource management attempts to investigate the role and contribution that human resources may provide to organizations. Although various theoretical perspectives have been applied to the field of strategic human resource management, some scholars still label this field as atheoretical. I apply discretion theory to this atheoretical discussion with the expectation that discretion theory will allow a better examination of what may be occurring in the “black box” between human resource practices (i.e. high performance work practices) and organizational outcomes. Specifically, my intent was to determine under what conditions human resource managers might influence the high performance work practices/organizational outcomes relationship. I surveyed dyads consisting of one senior human resource manager and one other human resource employee within various organizations to assess 1) the nature of the human resource practices that each organization employs, 2) the intensity of the senior human resource manager’s individual discretion, and 3) the intensity of the organization’s contextual discretion. Moderated regression analysis was utilized to test each hypothesis. Upon testing each hypothesis, partial support was found for the following hypotheses: Hypothesis 1a: The use of high performance work practices will be negatively related to absenteeism, Hypothesis 1b: The use of high performance work practices will be negatively related to turnover, Hypothesis 2a: The use of high performance work practices will be positively related to ROA, Hypothesis 3b: Individual discretion will moderate the relationship between HPWPs and turnover: specifically, HPWPs will be more strongly related to turnover (i.e. less turnover) when individual discretion is high than when individual discretion is low, and Hypothesis 4a: Individual discretion will moderate the relationship between HPWPs and ROA; specifically, HPWPs will be more strongly related to ROA (i.e. higher levels of ROA) when individual discretion is high than when individual discretion is low. No support was found for Hypotheses 2b, 3a, and 4b. With respect to each of the three-way interaction hypotheses, slope difference tests revealed that none of the slopes for were significantly different from one another, hence no support was provided for Hypotheses 5a-5c, 6a-6c, 7a-7c, and 8a-8c.

Två begrepp som ofta diskuteras inom organisationsteori är Medarbetarskap och Human resource management. Personalen ses ofta som ett företags främsta resurs. Denna uppsats bygger på en kvantitativ undersökning bland personalen inom en Telekomkedja. Vårt syfte är att bringa klarhet i frågan om i vilken utsträckning det ”myndiga medarbetarskapet” existerar, hur olika strategiska åtgärder påverkar försäljningen, vad som påverkar medarbetarnas motivation samt hur deras lojalitet gentemot arbetsgivaren ser ut. Undersökningen visar att personalen i Telekomkedjan trivs bra på sin arbetsplats. Det ”myndiga medarbetarskapet” existerar till stor del och personalen anser sig ha goda möjligheter att påverka. Vi har även lyckats hitta ett antal strategiska åtgärder som påverkar försäljningen positivt. Motivationsfaktorerna är främst beroende av sociala relationer och det har visat sig att relationer medarbetarna emellan är minst lika viktiga som relationen mellan medarbetaren och närmsta chefen. Medarbetarna uppger även att de har en stark lojalitet mot företaget ifråga både till den närmsta butiken där de arbetar, gentemot butikskedjan som helhet samt koncernen de tillhör.

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Abstract This study is to discuss the topic of human resource management on the Volunteer Recruiting and Employ Project of the 2009 World Games Kaohsiung. By documentary analysis and synthesis it is about to find out the internal and external factors which influenced the operation procedure in the KOC organization, and to know the status of volunteer recruiting and volunteer management. The conclusions of this study are presented as follows: 1. At present most of the recruited volunteers are students with high academic degree, and there is only 60% of them with the English ability to communicate to people from different countries. 2. Among the national nonprofit sports organizations, Chinese Taipei University Sports Federation and Chinese Taipei School Sports Federation are suitable to be invited to participate in KOC. Among the national sports associations, it is worthy to invite the members of those associations to be the expert volunteer of KOC. Universities and the student¡¦s clubs are the main objects to be encouraged to join the volunteer group and general volunteer. 3. KOC should encourage people from different areas not only in Taiwan but also from overseas to take a part in the World Games. Inside of the KOC organization, it is needed to take more coordination and communication. And it is necessary to make the precise division of labor between KOC and Kaohsiung City Government. The recruiting of World Games Volunteer Group needs to be paid more attention to. 4. The discrepancy of statistics on the volunteer manpower demand is great different between the World Games Volunteer Recruiting and Employ Project(2004) and the statistics from each bureau of the Kaohsiung City Government in 2007. 5. KOC has the well-planned training and service programme for the volunteers. But the reemploy project following the ending of the World Games is needed to be raised as early as possible.

Several recent articles stress that enough research has not been devoted to the performance management of expatriates. The cost of an expatriate is two to three times higher than the cost of a local employee. Therefore it is important to ensure that the investment made is returned to the company. Hence, this study aims to investigate how MNC’s evaluate their expatriates. By interviewing expatriate managers in four Swedish MNC’s we came to the conclusion that companies tend to rely much on informal measurements to evaluate expatriates whereas using formal measurements of hard criteria was done in the same way as for all employees. Our findings suggest that companies, in order to get the most out of their expatriates, ought to put more emphasis on the selection process and the repatriation process.

Prior research has shown that differences in human resource management (HRM) perception/practices do exist between nations. These differences have been attributed to variations in culture. The fundamental purpose of this study was to determine whether subcultures differing in location, religion, and ethnicity significantly affect perception/ practices of human resource management within a common national context (Indonesia). A secondary purpose of the current study was to compare with those found within Indonesia by the Best International Practices Consortium or Best Practices Project (BPP). Participants in the present study were 762 agri-business employees who were members of three distinctly separate subcultures within Indonesia; Sundanese/ Javanese, Balinese, and Minahasan. Data are obtained through the distribution of written questionnaires modeled after those employed by the BPP. Within each subculture, there were numerous disparities between current perceived practices and those desired by employees. This study also revealed several significant differences in HRM practices and perceptions across the three observed subcultures in the areas of hiring, training, performance appraisal, leadership, and communications. Participants reported differences in current and desired managerial styles across subcultures. However, within these groups, current management practices matched employee preferences. The overall findings of the present study differed from those of the BPP. These differences may be attributable to dissimilarities in the samples for the two studies’ samples. This study indicates that employee attitudes and perceptions of HRM practices do differ across cultural boundaries within a common national context. This discovery has wide implications for international companies which may be looking to establish overseas enterprises in countries with diverse cultural populations.

The field of strategic human resource management attempts to investigate the role and contribution that human resources may provide to organizations. Although various theoretical perspectives have been applied to the field of strategic human resource management, some scholars still label this field as atheoretical. I apply discretion theory to this atheoretical discussion with the expectation that discretion theory will allow a better examination of what may be occurring in the “black box” between human resource practices (i.e. high performance work practices) and organizational outcomes. Specifically, my intent was to determine under what conditions human resource managers might influence the high performance work practices/organizational outcomes relationship. I surveyed dyads consisting of one senior human resource manager and one other human resource employee within various organizations to assess 1) the nature of the human resource practices that each organization employs, 2) the intensity of the senior human resource manager’s individual discretion, and 3) the intensity of the organization’s contextual discretion. Moderated regression analysis was utilized to test each hypothesis. Upon testing each hypothesis, partial support was found for the following hypotheses: Hypothesis 1a: The use of high performance work practices will be negatively related to absenteeism, Hypothesis 1b: The use of high performance work practices will be negatively related to turnover, Hypothesis 2a: The use of high performance work practices will be positively related to ROA, Hypothesis 3b: Individual discretion will moderate the relationship between HPWPs and turnover: specifically, HPWPs will be more strongly related to turnover (i.e. less turnover) when individual discretion is high than when individual discretion is low, and Hypothesis 4a: Individual discretion will moderate the relationship between HPWPs and ROA; specifically, HPWPs will be more strongly related to ROA (i.e. higher levels of ROA) when individual discretion is high than when individual discretion is low. No support was found for Hypotheses 2b, 3a, and 4b. With respect to each of the three-way interaction hypotheses, slope difference tests revealed that none of the slopes for were significantly different from one another, hence no support was provided for Hypotheses 5a-5c, 6a-6c, 7a-7c, and 8a-8c.

Abstract In an enterprise, the purpose of any strategy or management activity is to enhance the business performance and corporate competitiveness. Therefore, the management of an enterprise employs different human resource management systems, utilizes a variety of specialists, materials, capitals, and information systems to lift up the human capital, and in turn, the business performance. Therefore, this research focuses on the influence of the team performance by utilizing variety of human capital and activities. It also discusses the effectiveness of different team leader empowerment in different enterprise. The software industry in this research is categorized based on the industry classification ¡¥Industrial, commerce, and service industries survey¡¦ by the Executive Yuan, including computer software industry (program design, system design, system analysis, packaged software design, system administration), computer system integrated service industry (system integration, turn-key system). A total of 420 questionnaires were distributed to 63 companies; 181 valid questionnaires were returned at the usable response rate was 43.10%. This research applied 12 human resource management activities as the basis for discussion over the effect of human resource management activity to the organizational performance, and generalized three factors, that are factor (1) human resource development, factor (2) teamwork design, and factor (3) member relation. In respect to these three categories, this research also defines the empowerment of team leader in enterprise into three aspects as (1) ¡§self-awareness of development¡¨, (2)¡¨team relationship discipline¡¨, (3) ¡§team relationship influence¡¨. The research findings showed that the human resource management activity (which is adopted by the software industry with high human resource capital) has three symptoms regarding to team performance. (1). Enhanced by team member relationship management system. (2). Team leader empowerment has no significant impact on team performance, as contrast to team empowerment has negative relationship with ¡§Quality Acceptance¡¨. (3). Different team leader empowerment resulting different team performance and it varies with different kind of business / industries.

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In order to pursue the better service quality and the more long term customer relations, more and more many enterprises considered establishes the guest to take the center to respond the customer as necessary the demand; But because voluntarily establishes the guest to take central the cost too to be huge, as well as the specialized technology obtains with difficulty, the most enterprises choice and outside the specialized committee the company cooperated after the careful appraisal, cause the guest to take outside the committee the demand in recent years the large increase. Because the modern enterprise's competition is intense, how will sell, stratification plane union and so on the marketing, customer service will be one, will be the modern enterprise strives for the time the important topic, therefore the guest will take outside the committee the tenderer whether will be able to respond the enterprise customer immediately the demand, and if will establish long-time and the stable partnership, then will become the guest to take the key aspect which whether outside the committee will succeed. In addition, the guest takes outside the committee the tenderer to have to assist the customer to solve the multiplex talented person demand problem in the shortest time, therefore elastic human resources management, is the guest takes the biggest challenge which outside the committee the industry faces. This research utilizes half structural formula interview, carries on depth interview to the document company participant, and interview of manuscript, the electronic files and the written material the penetration document company, auxiliary by the home, outside are connected the literature, analyzes the guest to take outside the committee the tenderer and the customer establishment partnership various stages interaction key, and its the human resources management design and the operation, finally infers goes visiting outside the clothing committee the industry if the customer establishment partnership model. This research discovery, the enterprise chooses the guest takes outside the central committee the main reason to develop for the dedicated occupation, suddenly to reveal the cost benefit and obtains the specialized knowledge. The enterprise chooses when the guest takes outside the committee the supplier, pays great attention to the specialized ability does not have the question, the cooperation experience for the communication in is rich, the systematic surface specialized and the specialized organization approval. Outside the committee both sides establish the partnership the process to be possible to divide are three stages: Service development, special case management and transport business management. But human resources management penetrates recruits the assign, the training development, the salary system and the achievements appraisal and so on the daily operation, has the quite tremendous influence to the special case management and transport business management stage partnership.