This thesis will investigate The Norwegian state and state-owned businesses positive obligations to fulfill the protection of equality and non-discrimination under international and regional jurisdiction. Particularly, women rights in general and women of ethnic minority’s rights. A positive critical legal method, based on a feminist theory, will be used to analyze the United Nation, European and Norwegian regulations. To illustrate the laws in practice the thesis will look at court decisions from both European Court Justice (ECJ), Norwegian Gender Equality Tribunal and The Norwegian Supreme Court. Even though the regulations exist, there is still a problem with respecting women’s rights in Norwegian society in general and in labour market. What is interesting to investigate is therefore the reason behind the disrespect, and to look for sustainable opportunities to include women’s experiences in the traditional jurisdiction. The conclusion is that there is space for implementation of women’s rights in human rights, and a transformation of the existing traditional legal system to “engender” the “mainstream” legal system is in place.

This master thesis focuses on social business and its influence in economy. Social business as a tool to solve social problems is approximated by development aid as its subset and by human rights violations as related social problems. Human rights open a discussion of their relationship to economics and consequently development. The empirical part tests whether human rights are affected by a distribution of development aid to different sectors, namely social and economic infrastructure and services and production sectors. The panel data analysis of 30 least developed countries in three regions according to the Human Development Index over a period 2005 to 2001 brings results that flows of official development aid to the economic infrastructure and services significantly drives human rights violations. JEL Classification O1, O4, K1, K3, K4 Keywords Social business, development aid, human rights, violations of human rights Author's e-mail petrakonecna.uk@email.cz Supervisor's e-mail mlcoch@fsv.cuni.cz

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-03-23T17:04:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 luizcarlossilvafariajunior.pdf: 1177217 bytes, checksum: d47aa19ce5a96feb3a0d19cbe22ef465 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-03-24T12:36:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 luizcarlossilvafariajunior.pdf: 1177217 bytes, checksum: d47aa19ce5a96feb3a0d19cbe22ef465 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-03-24T12:36:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 luizcarlossilvafariajunior.pdf: 1177217 bytes, checksum: d47aa19ce5a96feb3a0d19cbe22ef465 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-24T12:36:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 luizcarlossilvafariajunior.pdf: 1177217 bytes, checksum: d47aa19ce5a96feb3a0d19cbe22ef465 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-28 / Este trabalho tem por objetivo realizar uma análise da Agenda das Nações Unidas na área de Direitos Humanos e Empresas. Para tal, utiliza-se da analogia bíblica da batalha entre Golias e Davi, estando de um lado o capital global na figura das empresas transnacionais e do outro uma aliança de proteção e defesa dos Direitos Humanos, composta por organizações não governamentais, coletivos e movimentos sociais, ativistas e outros atores. A análise pretendida se constrói sob orientação da Teoria Neogramsciana de Relações Internacionais, propondo-se a desenvolver uma perspectiva histórica e crítica aos processos em curso atualmente na ONU na implementação de um marco normativo internacional para responsabilização de empresas transnacionais por violações de Direitos Humanos, quais sejam o Grupo de Trabalho das Nações Unidas sobre Empresas e Direitos Humanos e os fóruns internacionais organizados anualmente para debate da temática, e o Tratado Internacional na área, que teve processo de elaboração deflagrado em junho de 2014 com a aprovação da Resolução 26/9 no Conselho de Direitos Humanos da ONU. / This paper aims to realize an analysis of the United Nations Agenda on Human Rights and Business. With this purpose, it uses the biblical analogy of the battle between Golias and David, standing in one side the global capital, represented by the transnational corporations and, at the other side, a global alliance for human rights defense and protection, composed of NGOs, social collectives and movements, activists and other actors. The intended analysis is built under orientation of the Neogramscian Theory of International Relations, and proposes to develop a historical and critical perspective of the current processes at the UN for the implementation of an international normative mark to have transnational corporations accountable for human rights violations. These processes are the activities of the UN Working Group on Business and Human Rights and the international forums organized annually to debate the theme, and the International Treaty, which had its elaboration process triggered in June 2014 with the approval of the Resolution 26/9 at the UN Human Rights Council.