Thesis (M.A.)--University of California, Santa Cruz, 1997. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 73-78).

[No abstract available] / Arts, Faculty of / English, Department of / Graduate

Tolosa-Hunt syndrome is a rare neurological disorder with an incidence of one case per million. It is a granulomatous inflammatory condition that affects the cavernous sinus and is characterized by painful ophthalmoplegia and headaches. We present a 57-year-old male veteran with past medical history of alcohol use disorder, hepatitis c, hypertension and tobacco use who presented with complaints of double vision and headaches for 2 days. The patient also had a history of well controlled cluster headaches treated with sumatriptan. But, he reported that from several days prior to admission, the headaches were getting more frequent, sharp, localized to the left side, and preventing him from sleeping. On physical exam, vitals were stable, the neck was supple, the pupils were equal in size and reactive to light but limited left eye abduction and external rotation were noted. The remainder of physical exam was unremarkable including the remaining cranial nerves. Computerized tomography (CT) head was done which showed no evidence of acute stroke. Magnetic resonance imagining (MRI) brain was performed which showed an asymmetric bulge of the left cavernous sinus which raised suspicion for cavernous sinus inflammation. Systemic high dose steroid trial was given. Patient’s symptoms improved within 72 hours and diagnosis of Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome was confirmed. According to the National Organisation for Rare Disorders (NORD) the average age of onset for this condition is 41 years. The pathogenesis is thought to be inflammation of unknown etiology. The criteria for diagnosis fo Tolosa-Hunt syndrome is given by International Headache Society, which includes: Unilateral headache; MRI or biopsy demonstrating granulomatous inflammation of cavernous sinus, superior orbital fissure or orbit; ipsilateral nerve palsy involving one or more of 3rd, 4th and/or 6th cranial nerves; no alternate diagnosis based on the symptoms; specific history of ipsilateral headache localized to the ipsilateral brow and eye and it should occur 2 week before the oculomotor palsy or along with it. Our patient met all the criteria mentioned above. Ruling out other causes of headache and ophthalmoplegia is important in making the diagnosis. A differential diagnosis includes cavernous sinus thrombosis, stroke, vasculitis, myasthenia gravis, Miller Fisher variant of GBS, multiple sclerosis and idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Currently, inadequate data is available to determine the best route and duration of treatment with steroids. Our patient received oral steroid 100 mg for 3 days followed by slow steroid taper and had improvement in symptoms. Although a rare disorder, it is important to consider Tolosa-Hunt syndrome in the differential diagnosis of patients who presents with headaches and visual changes, especially after ruling out other common causes.

Waterfowl hunting is important historically, culturally, and economically in Mississippi and North America. I evaluated effect of hunting frequency (2 or 4 days/week) on duck abundance, harvest, and hunters’ perceived quality of their experience on Mississippi Wildlife Management Areas (WMAs). Neither relative abundance nor harvest of all ducks, mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), northern shoveler (A. clypeata), or green-winged teal (A. crecca) differed between experimental hunting frequencies. Duck harvest increased with hours spent afield. Hunters’ perceived quality did not differ between hunting frequencies but was greatest when hunters harvested > 4 ducks/ day and increased with harvest of larger sized ducks. I suggest WMAs may be hunted 4 days/week without impacting duck abundance, harvest, or hunt quality. I recommend continued evaluations of hunting frequency on duck abundance, harvest, and hunt quality to sustain science-guided management of waterfowl hunting on Mississippi public lands.

No description available.

The post Civil War period known as Reconstruction remains a topic of interest for historians. Having avoided the experience of invasion by Northern troops during the Civil War, the people living in the interior of the state of Texas accepted Confederate defeat at first. However, with the instituting of Northern efforts at Reconstruction, such as the installation of Republican interim government officials, the arrival of Freedmen's Bureau agents, and in some parts the stationing of federal troops, conservative whites throughout the state became defiant toward the federal government and its policies. Some white southerners even went so far as to take up arms and become embroiled in open conflict with the federal government and its local institutions. As a result, Unionist whites and freedmen found themselves to be the targets of groups of desperados committed to upholding the Southern Cause and ensuring the return of the conservative Democratic party to power in Texas politics. This study focuses on Hunt County from the years 1860 - 1873 to determine to what extent violence played a role in the era of Reconstruction. An analysis of data primarily from county, state, and federal records forms the basis of this study. The information obtained through research suggests that violence played a major role in Hunt County during Reconstruction as a political weapon used to eradicate Republican institutions and efforts.

Möglichkeiten der Beeinflussung der mikrobiologischen Wildfleischqualität auf Bewegungsjagden Institut für Lebensmittelhygiene der Veterinärmediziniscen Fakultät der Universität Leipzig Eingereicht im November 2015 57 Seiten, 12 Abbildungen, 5 Tabellen, 59 Literaturangaben Einleitung Im Zuge neuer Jagdstrategien erhält das Konzept der großräumigen Bewegungsjagden immer größere Bedeutung beim Erzielen der Gesamtstrecke und damit auch des Gesamtwildfleischaufkommens. Durch wildverarbeitende Betriebe findet das Produkt Wildfleisch über Supermärkte,Feinkostläden aber auch Fleischertheken den Weg zum Endverbraucher. Ein großer Anteil des für diese Wildhändler wichtigen Weihnachtsgeschäfts wird in der Zeit von Oktober bis Dezember über den Aufkauf von Bewegungsjagdstrecken generiert. Das Ziel dieser Untersuchung ist es, mit Hilfe der in der Schlachtindustrie angewendeten Analysemethode der Tierkörperbeprobung mit Stanzproben vier unterschiedliche Regime zur Behandlung von auf Bewegungsjagden erlegten Wild in Hinsicht auf die mikrobiologische Qualität zu untersuchen. Des Weiteren wird die mikrobielle Belastung der verschiedenen Wildarten gegenüberstellend mit den mikrobiologischen Prozesshygienekriterien der VO (EG) Nr. 2073/2005 (ANON. 2005) für Schlachtkörper von Nutztieren verglichen. Material und Methoden Die Gewinnung der Proben erfolgte im Zeitraum von Oktober 2011 bis Januar 2012 in einem schleswig-holsteinischen Wildverarbeitungsbetrieb. Insgesamt wurden 217 Schlachttierkörper der Wildarten Reh-, Schwarz-, Dam- und Rotwild in vier verschiedenen Gruppen beprobt. Für Gruppe 1 erfolgte das Ausweiden im Wald durch den Jäger selbst. Die Wildtierkörper wurden revierüblich zum Streckenplatz transportiert, dort in liegender Weise präsentiert und anschließend revierüblich zum Wildverarbeitungsbetrieb transportiert. Gruppe 2 unterscheidet sich von Gruppe 1 durch ein zentrales Ausweiden direkt am Streckenplatz. Für Gruppe 3 wurden neben dem zentralen Ausweiden die Präsentation der Strecke in hängender Form und ein gekühlter Transport zum Wildverarbeitungsbetrieb gewählt. Für Gruppe 4 entfiel die Präsentation komplett und die Wildtierkörper wurden direkt nach dem zentralen Ausweiden in einem Kühltransporter verladen und anschließend abtransportiert. Nach der Enthäutung wurden insgesamt vier Proben mit jeweils 5 cm2 Fläche im Hals-, Brust-, Flanken- und Keulenbereich eines jeden Wildtierschlachtkörpers entnommen. Es erfolgte auf direktem Weg ein gekühlter Transport zum Institut für Lebensmittelhygiene der veterininärmedizinischen Fakultät Leipzig. Für die mikrobiologische Analyse der Gesamtkeimzahl (GKZ), Enterobakterien (EBAC), Enterokokken (EKOK) und Staphylokokken wurde für die ersten 30 der 217 Proben das Spatelverfahren angewendet. Die restlichen 187 Proben wurden aufgrund der stark zunehmenden Probenzahlen mit Tropfplattenverfahrens analysiert. Für Listeria monocytogenes wurden spezielle ALOA-Platten und die entsprechenden biochemischen Nachweismethoden für einen qualitativen Nachweis verwendet. Der qualitative Nachweis von Salmonella spp. wurde mit Voranreicherung und folgenden biochemischen Reaktionen geführt. Ergebnisse Im Vergleich zu den festgelegten Werten der VO (EG) Nr. 2073/2005 (ANON. 2005) für schlachtbare Haustiere sind die ermittelten Werte dieser Untersuchung positiv zu bewerten. So liegen für Enterobakterien die Werte von Schwarz- (1,41 log KbE/cm2) und Damwild (1,43 log KbE/cm2) jeweils unter dem unteren Grenzwert für Haustiere und können somit als befriedigend eingestuft werden. Mit Werten zwischen dem unteren und oberen Grenzwert fallen Reh- (1,99 log KbE/cm2) und Rotwild (2,33 log KbE/cm2) in den akzeptablen Bereich. Ein ähnliches Bild zeigt sich bei der Gesamtkeimzahl. Schwarz- (3,51 log KbE/cm2) und Damwild (3,32 log KbE/cm2) liegen erneut im befriedigenden, Reh- (3,79 log KbE/cm2) und Rotwild (3,85 log KbE/cm2) im akzeptablen Bereich. In keiner der analysierten Wildfleischproben konnten Salmonella spp. oder Listeria monocytogenes nachgewiesen werden. Für Koagulase-positive Staphylokokken ergibt sich eine Nachweisrate von 3,2 % mit einem Mittelwert von 2,44 KbE/cm2. Die über alle Proben gemittelten Werte ergeben 3,57 log KbE/cm2 für die GKZ, 1,60 log KbE/cm2 für EBAC und 0,88 log KbE/cm2 für die EKOK. Für Gruppe 1 wurden für die GKZ Mittelwerte von 3,46 KbE/cm2, für EBAC 1,34 KBE/cm2 und für EKOK 0,87 KbE/cm2 festgestellt. Gruppe 2 weist Werte von 3,78 KbE/cm2 (GKZ), 1,94 KbE/cm2 (EBAC) und 1,18 KbE/cm2 (EKOK) auf. Für Gruppe 3 wurden Mittelwerte von 3,48 KbE/cm2 (GKZ), 1,53 KbE/cm2 (EBAC) und 0,67 KbE/cm2 (EKOK) ermittelt. Gruppe 4 weist Werte von 3,60 KbE/cm2 (GKZ), 1,54 KbE/cm2 (EBAC) und 0,86 KbE/cm2 (EKOK) aus. Es konnten statistisch keine Unterschiede zwischen den Gruppen gesichert werden. Schlussfolgerungen Sauber erlegtes Wildfleisch erfüllt die mikrobiologischen Prozesshygienekriterien konventionell geschlachteter Nutztiere. In der vorliegenden Untersuchung konnten keine hochpathogenen Keime wie Salmonella spp. oder Listeria monocytogenes nachgewiesen werden. Die nicht vorhandenen statistischen Unterschiede zwischen den Gruppen deuten darauf hin, dass eine gute allgemeine Hygienepraxis für die Wildfleischqualität entscheidend ist. / Possibilities to influence the microbiological game meat quality on driven hunts Institute of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig Submitted in November 2015 57 pages, 12 figures, 5 tables, 59 references Introduction With regard to new hunting strategies, the concept of large-scale driven hunts is increasingly gaining importance for the annual hunting bag and subsequently the total amount of game meat. Via game meat processing enterprises, game meat finds its way along the food chain to the consumer. As game meat is a popular dish in Germany during the Christmas season, a high share of the total annual amount of game is shot within driven hunts from October to December. The goal of this study is to examine the microbiological quality of game meat from hoofed game bagged at driven hunts. After killing, the animals were processed in four different ways with regard to transport, handling, and evisceration. The sampling of all carcasses was performed in a local meat processing enterprise on four different sampling sites using a sterile metal punch. Qualitative and quantitative microbiological analysis of the samples was performed in order to (i) detect possible differences of the microbiological quality between the four different groups, (ii) compare the microbiological quality of game and slaughtered farm animals, and (iii) develop best practice guidelines for the hygienic production and handling of game meat. Material and methods All sampling took place in a game handling establishment in the federal state of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, from October 2011 until January 2012. Altogether, 217 carcasses of roe, fallow, and red deer as well as wild boar were sampled in 4 different groups. In group 1 the evisceration of the animal was performed by the hunter. The eviscerated carcasses were hauled to the presentation area in a customary way and presented on the ground due to the hunting tradition. After presentation, the carcasses were transported to the game handling establishment in a customary way. In variation from this, the animals of group 2 were eviscerated together at the presentation area. The animals of group 3 were presented hanging on racks instead of lying and a refrigerated transport to the game handling establishment was used. In group 4 the presentation of the animals after evisceration was skipped and the carcasses were transported to the game handling establishment in a refrigerated vehicle. After skinning, four samples were taken in the area of the neck, chest, flank and joint of each carcass with sterile instruments. The chilled samples were directly brought to the institute of food hygiene of the veterinary medicine faculty of the University of Leipzig. In total, 217 samples were examined with quantitative microbiological methods for mesophilic aerobic bacteria, enterobacteriaceae, enterococci and staphylococci. In addition, qualitative analysis on Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. was performed on all samples. Results Group 1 shows a mean amount of mesophilic aerobic bacteria of 3.46 cfu/cm2, a mean of 1.34 cfu/cm2 for enterobacteriaceae and a mean of 0.87 cfu/cm2 for enterococci. Group 2 shows a mean amount of mesophilic aerobic bacteria of 3.78 cfu/cm2, a mean of 1.94 cfu/cm2 for enterobacteriaceae and a mean of 1.18 cfu/cm2 for enterococci. For group 3 mean values of 3.48 cfu/cm2 (total plate count), 1.53 cfu/cm2 (enterobacteriaceae), and 0.67 cfu/cm2 (enterococci) were found. For Group 4 mean values of 3.60 cfu/cm2 (total plate count), 1.54 cfu/cm2 (enterobacteriaceae) and 0.86 cfu/cm2 (enterococci) were determined. No statistically significant differences between the groups could be confirmed. Compared to the process hygiene criteria for the carcasses of farm animals laid down in Commission Regulation (EC) No 2073/2005 (ANON. 2005) on microbiological criteria for foodstuffs, the results of this study have to be rated in a positive way. The average values for enterobacteriaceae for wild boar (1.41 log cfu/cm2) and fallow deer (1.43 log cfu/cm2) are below the lower limit for farm animals and can be rated as satisfying. The counts for enterobacteriaceae in roe deer (1,99 log cfu/cm2) and the red deer (2,33 log cfu/cm2) are still acceptable, in this respect. The average total plate count values in samples from wild boar (3,51 log cfu/cm2) and fallow deer (3,32 log cfu/cm2) is also satisfying. Roe (3,79 log cfu/cm2) and red deer (3,85 log cfu/cm2) can be deemed acceptable. Coagulase-positive staphylococci were found in 7 out of 217 samples or 3.2 % (mean 2,44 cfu/cm2). Also Salmonella spp. or Listeria monocytogenes were not detected in the samples. Conclusion Accurately hunted and processed game meat has a microbial burden that is comparable to farm animals with regard to the process hygiene criteria for the carcasses of farm animals laid down in Commission Regulation (EC) No 2073/2005 (ANON. 2005) on microbiological criteria for foodstuffs. In this study, no pathogens like Salmonella spp. or Listeria monocytogenes were found in the game meat samples. The absence of a statistically significant difference between the groups indicates that not a specific set up during bagging and processing but rather the accurate placement of the shot as well as the strict compliance with the Guides to Good Hygiene Practice ensure a high microbiological quality of game meat as well as the absence of pathogenic microorganisms.

Albert Einstein notably asserted that “It would be possible to describe everything scientifically, but it would make no sense; it would be without meaning, as if you described a Beethoven symphony as a variation of wave pressure.” Cast against the backdrop of Einstein’s assertion, the present research critically examines the enduring yet unresolved controversy regarding marketing as a science. Consider that the marketing discipline is nearing its first-century of inception, the Journal of Marketing is approaching its eighth decade of publication, and yet marketing academicians still debate the epistemology of marketing itself. Virtually all theories in marketing are adaptations of theory-development from other social science disciplines. The overarching research mission is to critically review a body of marketing theory using a meta-analytic approach to illuminate gaps in the epistemic foundations of marketing knowledge development. Grounded in the theory of composition, an entire body of Shelby D. Hunt's marketing literature – more than 130 effects encapsulating five of the most widely-cited marketing theoretical streams to date – is critically evaluated. Using scientometric analyses, the impact factors, citation indices, and the domain of references across the allied behavioral science literatures are empirically assessed. An epistemic inquiry to the marketing discipline is the only way that a discipline may be viewed as a science, and its importance lies in this being the way for a discipline to advance in theory and practice. Second, this study seeks to identify a body of theoretical development emanating from the marketing discipline that has been proffered by a single academician. The research aspiration was to potentially link the theoretician to the epistemic process in the marketing discipline. Toward this end, this dissertation empirically explored the impact of three marketing scholars who have the highest number of publications in the Journal of Marketing and compared their scientometric indexes with Shelby D. Hunt’s. Results indicate that Hunt has a higher impact overall compared to the other marketing scholars. Moreover, scientometrics indexes indicate that Hunt also has a profound interdisciplinary impact. In order for marketing to continue to progress and not be marginalized or be fragmented, marketing scholars need to nurture theory generation, development and maintenance. The training of emerging scholars has far-reaching repercussions on these important aspects of the discipline. The doctoral students, therefore, should be treated as immediate learners instead of being considered to be immediate producers, duly encouraging “creative cognitive acts, significantly constrained and reasoned,” to quote Shelby D. Hunt.

This investigation deals with the study of a possible hypersensitivity to the oleoresins of fifty common plants indigenous to Hunt County, Texas.

Based on the author's thesis (doctoral--Oxford). / Includes bibliographical references (p. 184-221) and index.