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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Fabrication and Optical Properties of ZnO Nanocrystal/GaN Quantum Well Based Hybrid Structures

Chieh-Yi, Kuo January 2012 (has links)
Optical properties of hybrid structures based on zinc oxide nanocrystals (NCs) and Gallium Nitride quantum well (QW) has been studied. The ZnO NCs thin films on the top of GaN QW structures were fabricated using spin coating. The surface morphology was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). We have performed temperature dependence time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) measurements of the bare AlGaN/GaN QW structures and hybrids, containing ZnO NCs. It was found that at some temperatures the QW PL decay has shorter decay time in the presence of ZnO NCs thin film compared to the bare QW. The effect was stronger for the samples with thinner cap layers. The results are discussed in terms of three models such as exciton nonradiative energy transfer (NRET), tunneling effect, and piezoelectric field influence on the QW exciton energy.
2

Drawing as a notation

Egholm, Olavur January 2023 (has links)
Drawing as a notation is a method for architecture which investigates the notation and mark making of classical music as an input and explores how these notations can inform unexpected architectural outcomes through a translation process of the notations. The purpose of this study is to look into drawing as a notation as a method and a tool and to discover new architectural formations. By interpreting and translating the marks, new suggestions for architecture can be found which express the formal language of music. I am interested in the dynamics of music - the repetition, the movement, and the rhythm - and what music can do for architecture. This is not a solution to anything or doesn’t try to solve anything, but rather a search or a struggle to find opportunities with the help of notation making in early stages of an architecture project and to propose what architecture can be.
3

Assemblages composites-polymères après traitement par plasma atmosphérique du composite : caractérisation mécaniques et modélisation / Composite-polymer assemblies after amospheric plasma treatment on composite surface : mechanical characterization and modeling

Phongphinittana, Ekkarin 16 December 2014 (has links)
A la suite des propositions de la commission européenne, visant à concrétiser les objectifs de réduction des émissions de dioxyde de carbone (CO2) des voitures. Pour atteindre cet objectif, les constructeurs automobiles doivent réduire le poids de la voiture. Ainsi l'équipementier FAURECIA, fabricant de sièges de voiture désire remplacer les structures métalliques par des structures hybrides plastique-métal (PMH). Et en plus, il désire également utiliser un matériau composite en remplacement du métal pour diminuer le poids et utiliser la technique du plasma atmosphérique pour améliore le force d'adhérence à l'interface de pièce structure hybride.C'est dans ce contexte que nous avons étudié des effets de plasma traitement sur l'adhérence dans la structure hybride pour proposer la meilleure condition de traitement. L'objectif de ce travail était de caractériser l'effet de plasma traitement par détermination des paramètres dans le processus de traitement telle que la vitesse de balayage, la distance entre le substrat et la torche plasma et le nombre de passages de la torche, puis de prédire l'initiation du délaminage sous chargement quasi-statiques dans l'éprouvette de simple recouvrement par l'utilisation le critère de la rupture. Un autre objectif était d'étudier les modèle micromécanique pour évaluer la fiabilité de leur. Et ils seront appliqués pour prévoir les comportements mécaniques de matériau thermoplastique renforcé par fibre de verre court. Afin d'atteindre les objectifs présenté, les plusieurs essais telles que l'essai de traction, l'essai simple recouvrement et l'essai de l'ARCAN-Mines sont été réalisé. En parallèle, les techniques de l'émission acoustique (EA), du rayonnement infrarouge (RI) et de la microscopie optique ont été utilisées pour suivre les mécanismes de la rupture de l'éprouvette étudiée. En enfin, la méthode des éléments finis a été utilisé pour simuler les essais et pour permettre de vérifier la fiabilité du critère de rupture. / Following the proposals of the European Commission, to achieve the goals of emission reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) from cars. To achieve this objective, automakers must reduce the weight of the car. Thus the supplier Faurecia, manufacturer of car seats desires to replace metal structures by structure plastic-metal hybrid (PMH). And they desire also to use a composite material to replace metal in order to reduce weight. Moreover in order to improve the adhesion strength at the interface piece hybrid structure,Atmospheric plasma technique was used.In this context, we studied the effects of plasma treatment on term of adhesion in the hybrid structure in order to provide the best condition of treatment. The objective of this study was to characterize the effect of plasma treatment by determination at the parameters in the process such as the scanning speed, the distance between the substrate and the plasma torch and the number of passes of the torch, then to predict the initiation of delamination under quasi-static loading test in specimen of single lap shear by using the criterion of rupture. The other objective was to study the micromechanical model to assess the reliability of them. And they will be applied to predict the mechanical behavior of Short Glass Fiber reinforced thermoplastic. In order to achieve the objectives presented, the several tests such as tensile test, single lap shear test and ARCAN-Mines test have been executed. In parallel, techniques acoustic emission (AE), infrared radiation (IR) and optical microscopy were used in order to follow the failure mechanisms of the specimen studied. Finally, the finite element method was used to simulate the tests and allow to verify the reliability of the failure criterion.
4

Joining of Metal and Fiber Reinforced Polymers Using Ultrasonic Additive Manufacturing

Guo, Hongqi January 2021 (has links)
No description available.
5

Expérimentation et modélisation du comportement mécanique de structures multi-matériaux bois-béton / Experimentation and modeling of the mechanical behavior of wood-concrete composite structures

Augeard, Eric 25 September 2018 (has links)
L'objet de ce travail de recherche est d'étudier le comportement mécanique de structures multi-matériaux d'un point de vue empirique et théorique. Ces structures mixtes s'articulent autour de plusieurs matériaux : le bois, le béton, les résines et les armatures. Le but est de tirer avantage de chaque matériau pour améliorer le comportement général de la structure tant au niveau de la résistance ultime que de la rigidité. De nouvelles méthodes de liaison sont également étudiées pour proposer de nouvelles solutions constructives innovantes dans le domaine du Génie Civil. La première partie de ce travail est consacrée à l'étude des liaisons bois-béton. Ainsi une analyse expérimentale est menée à l'aide d'essais push out pour déterminer les meilleures configurations permettant la connexion des matériaux bois et béton. Ces essais push out ont permis de caractériser les joints collées bois-béton sous différentes configurations et ont également permis de retenir deux systèmes constructifs : une par voie sèche et une par voie humide. La seconde étape consiste à tester ces méthodes de fabrication à grande échelle. Une campagne expérimentale sur des poutres de 8 m de long et des planchers de 8,15 m a donc débuté. Des essais de flexion 4 points en chargement quasi statique ont permis de caractériser le comportement mécanique de onze configurations de poutres. Les résultats confirment l'intérêt des sections hybrides dans la construction : gain de capacité portante et gain de rigidité. Le collage et le nouveau système de liaison sont donc des systèmes performants qui évitent tout glissement entre les matériaux. Les tests sur plancher montrent que comparer aux charges classiques en bâtiment, les panneaux ont une marge de sécurité vis-à-vis de l'état limite de service et de l'état limite ultime. La dernière étape se concentre sur l'étude d'un chargement cyclique des panneaux hybrides. Un essai de flexion 4 points est utilisé pour solliciter pendant un million de cycles les planchers entre 4 et 20 kN. Ces charges correspondent respectivement à un plancher déchargé avec le poids mort du carrelage, cloisons et faux-plafond et un plancher chargé avec des charges d'exploitation de bureaux. Après les essais cycliques, un test de résistance résiduelle est également effectué. En parallèle, une étude analytique pour modéliser le comportement mécanique instantané des structures hybrides est effectuée. Ce modèle analytique se base sur un calcul itératif en étudiant les déformations de la section et en équilibrant les forces internes. Le comportement mécanique de chaque matériau est pris en compte et notamment leur non-linéarité. Ce modèle développé en chargement statique a également été adapté pour prendre en considération le fluage des matériaux et ainsi obtenir le comportement différé des structures bois-béton / The objective of this project is to develop composite structures. These kinds of structures are made with wood, concrete, adhesive and rebar. The purpose is to take advantages of each material in order to improve the mechanical behavior of the hybrid structure. New bonding systems are proposed and studied to offer innovating solutions in Civil Engineering.The first part is dedicated to the study of the liaison between wood and concrete by gluing. An experimental analysis is done with push out tests in order to determine the best configurations to connect wood and concrete. Two constructive methods have been retained: a dry way and a humid way.The second step consists to test these methods of fabrication in real condition. An experimental campaign on beams and panels is launched with 4 points bending tests and under static loading to characterize the mechanical behavior of eleven beams. The interest of such hybrid sections is confirmed: gain of the bearing capacity and rigidity. The gluing and the new system of bonding are both performing and avoid slip between materials. Tests on panels show a security margin compared to classic loads in construction, for both limit states.The last stage of the thesis focuses on the study of cyclic loading of hybrid panels where 4 points bending test is used to load panels for one million cycles between 4 and 20 kN. These loads correspond respectively to the dead load on the unloaded panels and the panels loaded with regulatory live loads. After cyclic tests are performed, a bending test to the rupture is conducted.In parallel, an analytical study to model the instantaneous mechanical behavior of composite structure is proposed. This model is based on an iterative calculation by studying the deformation of the section and by equilibrating internal forces. The mechanical behavior of each material is takes into account with their non-linearity. This modelling is developed for static loads and was adapted to take in consideration creep of materials and thus obtain the differential behavior of wood-concrete structures
6

Synthèses, analyses et applications de systèmes à base de nanoparticules hybrides Or/Thiol / Synthesis, analysis and application based systems hybrid nanoparticles Metal/Organic

Bouyon Yenda, Tracy Christ 16 December 2016 (has links)
Cette thèse développe la synthèse contrôlée et la purification de nanoparticules d’or hybrides, AuNPs stabilisées par des thiols organiques modulant leurs propriétés de surface. Les applications visent la catalyse et le domaine biomédical, impliquant un contrôle poussé des nanoobjets introduits. Les synthèses des AuNPs organiques sont développées à partir de la méthode de Brust, avec le 4-hydroxythiophénol et le 4-méthylthiophénol. Elles conduisent à des nanoparticules hybrides stables d’environ 2 nm. Les fractions de purifications sont analysées par MET, UV-visible, RMN et ATG, caractérisant le cœur d’or, la couche de ligands et leurs interactions. Il apparaît que les AuNPs hybrides présentent un assemblage de thiols en monocouche ou en multicouche. Une nouvelle voie de synthèse directe en phase aqueuse d’AuNPs d’environ 4 nm, stabilisées par le 4-hydroxythiophénol, est ensuite développée. Ces AuNPs sont purifiées par dialyse et caractérisées par MET, UV-visible, RMN et ATG. Les fractions d’AuNPs organiques, présentant différents états de surface, sont imprégnées dans la silice mésoporeuse SBA-15. Les isothermes d’adsorption et la manométrie sous diazote indiquent une bonne dispersion des AuNPs et une insertion dans les canaux. Nous introduisons l’exploration d’applications ciblées. L’utilisation des AuNPs organiques lors de l'oxydation d’alcènes tend à améliorer la sélectivité du sel de manganèse catalytique. Pour le domaine biomédical, les AuNPs aqueuses présentent une bonne dispersibilité en milieux aqueux biocompatibles. Les premiers tests in-vitro sur des cellules de sarcomes humains montrent une faible cytotoxicité et une bonne pénétration intracellulaire. / This Ph.D. work developed the controlled synthesis and purification of hybrid gold nanoparticles AuNPs, stabilized by organic thiols that are tuning their surface properties. The targeted applications are the catalysis and in the biomedical field, requiring a thorough control of the introduced nanoobjects. Syntheses of the organic AuNPs were developed from the Brust method, using 4-hydroxymercaptophenol or 4-methylmercaptophenol, leading to stable hybrid gold nanoparticles of size 2 nm. Purified fractions were characterized using TEM, UV-visible, NMR and TG analysis, issuing key data about the gold core, the organic layer and their interactions. Among the different fractions of AuNPs, the organic thiol ligands appeared to be assembled either as a monolayer or a multilayer pattern. A new direct route for synthesis of aqueous AuNPs of size 4 nm, stabilized by 4-hydroxymercaptophenol, has been developed. The AuNPs were purified using dialysis and characterized by TEM, UV-visible, NMR and TG analysis. Organic AuNPs, exhibiting different surface properties, were impregnated into SBA-15 mesoporous silica. Adsorption isotherms and nitrogen adsorption/desorption studies were in good agreement with the homogeneous distribution of AuNPs and the significant incorporation into the porosity. Finally, exploration of the targeted applications was started. The use of organic AuNPs for alkene oxidation tends to improve the selectivity of manganese salt catalyst. In the biomedical field, the aqueous AuNPs exhibited good dispersibility into biocompatible aqueous solvents. First in-vitro assays involving human sarcoma cells line showed limited cytotoxicity and good cellular uptake.
7

Functionalization of epitaxial graphene by metal intercalation and molecules

Narayanan Nair, Maya 24 September 2013 (has links) (PDF)
In this thesis, we have explored the possibilities to realize a Graphene Based Hybrid structures (GBHs) by the functionalization of a graphene layer on both sides. The first chapter gives a general introduction about graphene and a literature review of different metal intercalations on graphene. The second chapter explains the experimental techniques used in this work. In chapter 3, we studied the functionalization of epitaxial graphene on SiC(0001) by gold intercalation. With the help of Scanning Tunneling Microscopy, we have evidenced and characterized different intercalation modes such as the formation of aggregates of individual gold atoms and the formation of a continuous gold layer between the top graphene and the buffer layer. The free standing nature of the intercalated gold atoms was examined by differential charge density plot, projected density of states calculations and further by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The band structure modification of graphene due to these intercalated gold atoms was evidenced by Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, which reveals a strong Van Hove extension and an increase of the Fermi velocity. Extend to this research, to obtain an extended Van Hove singularity usually observed in highly doped graphene; we studied highly electron donor molecules, TetraThioFullvalene (TTF) on pristine and gold intercalated graphene and on graphite (chapter 4). The dependence of charge transfer of these molecules with their conformation and the reactivity of photochromic with conjugated molecules on graphene were also discussed. To understand the structural properties of these molecules photophysical measurements were performed in chapter 5.
8

Réalisation d'un laser DFB hybride sur substrat de verre / Realization of a DFB hybrid laser on glass substrate

Casale, Marco 08 April 2014 (has links)
Les besoins actuels des systèmes de télécommunications et des capteurs optiques poussent à réaliser des circuits intégrés optiques présentant toujours plus de fonctions sur un même substrat. Atteindre un tel niveau d'intégration est difficile, car les matériaux et les procédés technologiques employés pour implémenter les différentes fonctions optiques ne sont pas toujours compatibles entre eux. Cette thèse s'inscrit dans la problématique de l'intégration des fonctions optiques actives (émission, amplification) et passives (multiplexage, filtrage, etc.) sur substrat passif et reporte la réalisation d'un laser DFB hybride tridimensionnel par échange d'ions sur verre passif et report de plaque d'un verre actif codopé Er3+:Yb3+. Ce laser est constitué d'un guide canal de Bragg, sélectivement enterré dans le substrat passif, et chargé par un guide plan, réalisé dans le verre actif (dopé avec une concentration massique de 2,3% en Er2O3 et 3,6% en Yb2O3). Il est caractérisé par une émission monomode de (420±15) µW à 1534 nm, pour (390±20) mW de puissance de pompe injectée. Ce dispositif ouvre ainsi la voie vers l'intégration de fonctions actives, localisées à la surface du substrat passif, avec des fonctions passives, réalisées en exploitant le volume et la surface du même substrat. / The current needs of optical telecommunications and sensors require developing integrated optical circuits providing different and heterogeneous functions on the same substrate. The main issue is the incompatibility between the manufacturing processes of these optical functions. This work deals with the integration of active (emission, amplification) and passive (multiplexing, filtering, etc.) functions on a passive glass substrate. Its aim is to develop a DFB three-dimensional hybrid laser by ion-exchange in passive glass. This laser is made of a Bragg channel waveguide, selectively buried in the passive glass substrate, loaded by a plane waveguide, defined at the surface of an Er3+:Yb3+ codoped active glass wafer. It emits a (420±15) µW laser signal at 1534 nm for (390±20) mW injected pump power. Hence this device opens the way towards the integration of active functions, located at the surface of the passive glass substrate, with passive ones, spreading at its surface and in its volume.
9

Hybridní lepené spoje kovových a kompozitních materiálů / Hybride adhesive bonded joints of metals and composite materials

Jetela, Václav January 2016 (has links)
The first part of the diploma thesis with name „Hybrid adhesive bonded joints of metals and composite materials“ comprise surface pretreatment review. There is also mentioned current review of adhesives for composite and aluminium adherends. The second part of the thesis is dedicated to lap hybrid joint shear strength tests. The effects of adherend thickness, overlap lenght and surface pretreatment on shear strength were investigated. Measured parameters of hybrid joints are proved with a FE analysis with enough accuracy. Conclusions could be used for optimum design of hybrid joint with aluminium and composite adherends.
10

Energy transfer processes in supramolecular light-harvesting systems

Stevens, Amy L. January 2011 (has links)
This dissertation attempts to understand how energy transfer in a molecular wire and a spherical organic assembly are affected by molecular structure. The molecular wire is a DNA-hybrid structure composed of a strand of thymine bases appended by a cyanine dye. Hydrogen bonded to each base is a naphthalene-derivative molecule. Using time-integrated photoluminescence and time-correlated single photon counting measurements, energy transfer from the naphthalene donors to the cyanine acceptors was confirmed, and its dependence on temperature and DNA-template length investigated. Donor-thymine bonding was disrupted at temperatures above about 25 degrees Celcius resulting in poor donor template decoration and low rates of energy transfer. Increasing numbers of donors attach to the scaffold, forming an orderly array, as the template length increases due to the stabilising effects of the donor-donor pi-stacking interactions. Conversely, modelled energy transfer rates fall as the scaffold length increases because of the longer donor-acceptor distances involved. Therefore, the energy transfer rate was greatest for a template built from 30 thymines. The spherical organic assemblies (nanoparticles) are formed by fast injection of a small volume of molecularly dissolved fluorene-derivative amphiphilic molecules into a polar solvent. The amphiphilic molecules contained either a naphthalene (donor) or a benzothiadiazole (acceptor) core. The donor-acceptor mixed nanoparticles resemble an amorphous polymer film and were modelled as such using the Foerster resonance energy transfer theory. The Foerster radii extracted from the measurements depends intricately on the donor-acceptor spectral overlap and distance. The latter effect was controlled by the stacking interactions between the molecules. Altering the morphology of the structural units is the key to optimising energy transfer in molecular structures. To achieve efficient organic molecule-based devices, the importance of this property needs to be fully appreciated and effectively exploited.

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