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David Chi-cheong Wan. / Bibliography: leaves 75-85 / Thesis (M.Ph.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1984

Thesis (doctoral)--Lund University, 1992. / Added t.p. with thesis statement inserted.

Thesis (doctoral)--Lund University, 1992. / Added t.p. with thesis statement inserted.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2003. / Härtill 6 uppsatser.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oklahoma. / Bibliography: leaves 170-189.

A new type of fuel cell that combines the advantages of a proton exchange membrane fuel cells and anion exchange membrane fuel cells operated with methanol is demonstrated. Two configurations: one with a high pH anode and low pH cathode (anode hybrid fuel cell (AHFC)),and another with a high pH cathode and a low pH anode (cathode hybrid fuel cell (CHFC)) have been studied in this work. The principle of operation of the hybrid fuel cells were explained. The two different hybrid cell configurations were used in order to study the effect of the electrode fabrication on fuel cell performance. Further, the ionomer content and properties such as the ion exchange capacity and molecular weight were optimized for the best performance. A comparison of the different ionomers with similar properties is carried out in order to obtain the best possible ionomer for the fuel cell. An initial voltage drop was observed at low current density in the AHFC, this was attributed to the alkaline anode and the effect of the ionomers with the new cationic groups were studied on this voltage drop was studied. These ionomers with the different cationic groups were studied in the CHFC design as well. Finally, the use of non platinum catalyst cathode with the CHFC design was also demonstrated for the first time.

Células híbridas dendríticas-tumorais vem sendo usadas em vacinas terapêuticas contra o câncer e tem mostrado resultados promissores, porém seu comportamento e funções são insuficientemente conhecidos. O presente trabalho pretende estudar a interação dessas células híbridas com diferentes subpopulações de linfócitos T em um ambiente 3D com colágeno tipo III. Nossos resultados indicaram que as células híbridas do grupo Fusão Tumoral interagiram tanto com linfócitos CD4 quanto com CD8. Linfócitos CD4 interagiram 2 vezes mais no grupo Fusão Linhagem do que nos outros grupos e sua interação foi de apenas com um único linfócito. Linfócitos CD8 do grupo Fusão Tumoral interagiram mais tempo quando comparado aos outros grupos. Não foi observada IL-2 na culturas onde as células híbridas estavam presentes e a proliferação de linfócitos no grupo Fusão Tumoral também não foi observada. Assim, a cocultura 3D foi capaz de demonstrar a importância de um protocolo personalizado para cada tipo de tumor, levando em consideração as características únicas de cada tumor. / Dendritic cell-tumor cell hybrids have been used in therapeutic vaccines against cancer and has shown promising results, but their behavior and functions are insufficiently known. In this context, this study aims the interaction of these hybrid cells with different subpopulations of T cells in a 3D environment with collagen type III. Our results indicated that cells in Tumor Fusion group interacted with both CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes. CD4 lymphocytes interacted 2 times more in the SKBR-3 Fusion group than another groups and their interaction was only with a single lymphocyte. CD8 lymphocytes interaction with the Tumor Fusion group resulted in longer interactions when in comparison with the another groups. No IL-2 was observed in cultures where the hybrid cells were present and the proliferation of lymphocytes in Tumor Fusion group was not observed. Thus, the 3D co-culture was able to demonstrate the importance of a custom protocol for each type of tumor, taking into consideration the unique characteristics of each one.

An abundance of energy in our environment exists in the form of light, thermal, mechanical (e.g., vibration, sonic waves, wind, and hydraulic), magnetic, chemical, and biological. Harvesting these forms of energy is of critical importance for solving long-term energy needs and the sustainable development of the planet. However, conversion cells for harvesting solar energy and mechanical energy are usually independent entities that are designed and built following distinct physical principles. The effective and complementary use of such energy resources whenever and wherever one or all of them are available demands the development of innovative approaches for the conjunctional harvesting of multiple types of energy using an integrated structure/material. By combining solar and mechanical energy-harvesting modules into a single package for higher energy conversion efficiency and a more effective energy recovery process, the research has designed and demonstrated a hybrid cell for harvesting solar and mechanical energy. The results of the research show that we can fully utilize the energy available from our living environment by developing a technology that harvests multiple forms of both solar and mechanical energy 24 hours a day. As the proposed research represents a breakthrough in the innovation of energy harvesting, it should pave the way toward building a new field called "multi-type hybrid" energy harvesting.