The education of natural history at primary and seconadry school is nowadays focused on theoretical interpretation. The subject of this diploma thesis is to inform pupils about the stimulating and inhibiting substances´influence on seed germination and emergence. This diploma thesis needs practical approach to pupils during the project basing, documenting seed germination, growing and its evaluation. The aim of this diploma thesis is to practically show to pupils the problems of seed germination and emergence of commonly available seeds in the school environment.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-26T12:59:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AndreiaSangalli.pdf: 1795631 bytes, checksum: 0ce1683340aaa55d6589b3a74bea3a77 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-05-23 / Data of morphometric of fruits and seeds, although they still are scarce, are important for studying genetic improvement of populations, as well for improvement of storage conditions and for improvement of seedling yield. In order to subsidizing the knowledge of Jacaranda decurrens ssp. symmetrifoliolata (carobinha), this research had as aims to evaluate morphometric of fruits, seeds and seedlings and germinative potential of seeds that were stored in different periods, at environmental temperature. Morphometrical study of fruits and seeds was done in February, 2007, at UFGD, in Dourados, MS. In a sample of 116 fruits that were gathered in aleatory way from a populations of 25 plants, mass, length, width and thickness, besides the counting of seeds per fruit, were determined. In biometrical analysis of seeds, a sample with 550 seeds which was gathered in aleatory way from fruits was used, and length, width and thickness were measured. Germination was studied after three periods of storage of seeds (120, 480 and 720 days) and in four temperatures of germination, which three of them were constant (18, 25 and 30ºC, under constant light) and one alternated (20-30ºC under light, with photoperiod of 12 hours day/night). Treatments were arranged in 3 x 4 factorial scheme on a complete randomized design with three replications. Seedling development was evaluated 35 days after sowing, in which measurement of length of root and stalk. Carobinha fruits showed great variability of mass, length, width, thickness and number of seeds, which averages were 45.5 g, 86.5 mm, 62.7 mm, 18.2 mm, respectively. Averages for length, width and thickness of seeds were 9.2mm, 8.8 mm and 1.5mm, respectively. Percentage of germination and velocity of germination of seeds that were stored under environmental temperature were influenced significantly by periods of storage, which the greatest averages were registered under temperature of 25ºC (69.4% and 0.983). Seeds that were stored for 480 and 720 days, under environmental temperature lost completely vigor. Carobinha seedlings showed hypogeal germination, conforming in crypto cotyledonal type. The development of root and stalk was higher at 25ºC, but eophyls of seedlings that were germinated under temperatures of 30ºC and alternated showed themselves more developed / Dados de morfometria de frutos e sementes, embora ainda sejam escassos, são valiosos em estudos de melhoramento genético de populações, bem como na melhoria das condições de armazenamento e para a otimização na produção de mudas. A fim de subsidiar o conhecimento da Jacaranda decurrens ssp. symmetrifoliolata (carobinha), este trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar a morfometria dos frutos, sementes e plântulas e o potencial germinativo das sementes armazenadas em diferentes períodos, à temperatura ambiente. O estudo morfométrico dos frutos e sementes foi realizado emfevereiro de 2007 na UFGD, em Dourados, MS. Em uma amostra de 116 frutos colhidos aleatoriamente de uma população de 25 plantas cultivadas ex situ, foi determinada a massa, o comprimento, a largura e a espessura, além da contagem de sementes por fruto. Na análise biométrica das sementes, foi utilizada uma amostra de 550 sementes, retiradas aleatoriamente dos frutos, sendo medidos comprimento, largura e espessura. A germinação foi estudada após três períodos de armazenamento das sementes (120, 480 e 720 dias) e em quatro temperaturas de germinação, sendo três constantes (18, 25 e 30ºC, sob luz constante) e uma alternada (20-30ºC sob luz, com fotoperíodo de 12 horas dia/noite). Os tratamentos foram arranjados em esquema fatorial 3 x 4, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com três repetições. O desenvolvimento das plântulas foi avaliado 35 dias após a semeadura, sendo realizadas medidas de comprimento de radícula e caulículo. Os frutos da carobinha apresentaram grande variabilidade de massa, comprimento, largura, espessura e número de sementes, sendo as medianas de 43,5 g, 86,5 mm, 62,7 mm, 18,2 mm, respectivamente. As medianas para comprimento, largura e espessura das sementes foram de 9,2 mm, 8,8 mm e 1,5 mm, respectivamente. A porcentagem de germinação e a velocidade de germinação das sementes armazenadas sob temperatura ambiente foram influenciadas significativamente pelos períodos de armazenamento, sendo as maiores médias registradas sob 25ºC (69,4% e 0,983, respectivamente). As sementes armazenadas por 480 dias e 720 dias sob temperatura ambiente perderam totalmente a capacidade de germinação. As plântulas de carobinha apresentaram germinação hipógea, enquadrandose no tipo criptocotiledonar. O desenvolvimento da radícula e caulículo foi maior a 25ºC, mas os eofilos das plântulas germinadas nas temperaturas de 30ºC e alternada apresentaram-se mais desenvolvidos.