Despite being the largest migratory movement between two states in modern history, the origins and operation of Mexican migration to the United States has not been a major research topic. We lack a comprehensive view of Mexican migration as it was established in early twentieth century and reproduced throughout the century as a system that reached from Texas borderlands to California and to western agricultural regions and beyond to Midwestern farming and industrial areas, a system that continued to be circular in nature even as permanent settlement increased, and which was in constant interaction with families, villages, and towns throughout Mexico. This interdisciplinary, bilingual, and transnational project is one of the first histories of the creation of migrant networks narrated from multiple geographic and institutional sites, analyzing the relationship between state agents, civic organizations, and migrants on both sides of the border. My project utilizes a statistical analysis of migration trends combined with qualitative research in order to show how migration arose as a mass phenomenon in Mexico and extended into the United States. This dissertation argues that large scale Mexican migration was created and operated through an interconnected transnational migrant economy made up of self-reinforcing local economic logics, information diffusion, and locally based social networks. I demonstrate that town-based interpersonal networks formed the engine that propelled and sustained large scale migration. Migrants needed transportation, capital, and information to travel north. Town-based networks provided all of these things. I follow the spread of migrant routes, explaining the creation of Mexican communities in the US Showing why communities were located where they are and their links to the larger economy of migrant labor before turning to Mexico and showing the effects of migration on sending communities. Migration evolved from a wave of mainly men into a broad based phenomenon, drawing in families and communities through remittances. I argue this is because a set of self-reinforcing economic logics were being created on both sides of the border. These logics are separate, but linked to the economic conditions that framed migration- the pull of the industrialization of the American West and the Mexican north with its relatively high wages- and the push of the chaos and violence of the Mexican revolution and Cristero Wars. Likewise, these logics could not have occurred without the demographic pressures of population growth in central Mexico, and the economic transformations of the Porfiriato. As more and more people participated in migration, they sent back information and remittances, which in turn made it easier for others to follow their path. Circular migration reinforced this dynamic as migrants returned home on a large scale, bringing back knowledge and experience. Together, these practices constituted the migrant economy and made central and central-north Mexico the engine of migration in the twentieth century. This new economy made it easier to move, but also tied many families and towns into continuous migrations in order to achieve economic stability. Ultimately this project shows the creation of the political economy of migrant labor between Mexico and the United States.

Cette thèse porte sur le processus et les modalités d’intégration des immigrés. Elle tente àmontrer la pluralité des manières de s’insérer et de participer des immigrés à leur sociétéd’accueil, en fonction des origines socio-économiques, géographiques, des relationshistoriques entre les pays d’origine et d’accueil et en fonction des projets migratoires desindividus. Les récits de vie des immigrés originaires de Maroc, de Portugal et de Turquienous ont révélés deux principaux modes d’action : individuel quand le capital humain estélevé et communautaire lorsque la manque de capital humain est compensé par le capitalsocial ethnique. Ce dernier cas de figure est très présent chez la population turquerencontrée. En s’appuyant sur cette vague migratoire, la thèse consiste à soutenir lapossibilité d’une intégration par voie collective dont le ciment est l’appartenance ethnique. Depart le mode d’intégration communautaire très présent, le cas des immigrés turcs del’agglomération bordelaise nous donne l’opportunité de discuter la pertinence, et l’exclusivitédu modèle d’intégration français ainsi que les attentes relatives à l’intégration de l’autre. Lemode d’intégration par les dynamiques communautaires que nous avons observé chez cettepopulation donne le ton d’un mode cosmopolite. L’intégration structurelle rendue possible parun fonctionnement communautaire rend possible un double processus d’insertion et departicipation qui s’effectue de manière transnationale. Cette situation alimente la création desponts économiques, sociaux, associatives et politiques entre les deux pays, désormaisd’appartenances. / This study concentrates on immigrants’ integration processes and methods through thesocio-spatial trajectories. It reveals the plurality of the manners of the migrants participationto the society within the context of their immigration projects, socio-economic andgeographical origins and the historical relations between their origin countries and France.The analysis of the residential courses of the immigrants from Morocco, Portugal and Turkeyand owners of their residents within the agglomeration in Bordeaux, indicates two principalintegration models: individual, when human capital is elevated and collective, when theinsufficient human capital is balancing through the social community capital. This lastsituation is common in Turkish population met during this study. Based on the case ofTurkish migration, this thesis supports the possibility of the collective integration of which thebinding factor is ethnic networks. The economic integration based on ethnical networks andsocial participation developed by the community dynamics, enable a two-way integration.This double local and transnational integration creates economic, social and even politicalconnections between two countries.

This study examines the experiences of post-1980 Irish immigrants in Australia using Greater Melbourne as a case study. It has three main but interrelated objectives. Firstly, it establishes the origins, characteristics, dynamics and outcomes of contemporary Irish migration to Australia. Secondly, it explores informants??? multiple experiences of Irishness in both Ireland and Australia. Thirdly, it examines how migrancy and identity issues were related to informants??? sense of belonging and home. Identity is approached in this study from a constructivist perspective. Accordingly, identity is conceptualised as dynamic, subject to situational stimuli and existing in juxtaposition to a constructed ???other???. Prior to migration, a North/South, Protestant/Catholic ???other??? provided the bases for identity constructions in Ireland. The experiences of immigrants from both Northern and Southern Ireland are examined so that the multiple pre- and post-migration experiences of Irishness can be captured. Face-to-face interviews with 203 immigrants provide the study???s primary data. Migration motivation was found to be multifactorial and contained a strong element of adventure. Informal chain migration, based on relationship linkages in Australia, was important in directing flows and meeting immigrants??? post-arrival accommodation needs. Only 28 percent of the sample initially saw their move as permanent and onethird were category jumpers. A consolidation of Irish identity occurred post-migration. This was most pronounced among Northern Protestants and was largely predicated on informants??? perceptions of how Britishness and Irishness were constructed in Australia. For Northern respondents, the freedom to express Irishness may have masked an enforced Irishness that evolved in response to perceived negative constructions of Britishness, and their experiences of homogenisation with Southern immigrants. Hierarchies within white privilege in Australia, based on origin and accent, were indicated by the study findings. Movement and identity were related through the transnational practices of informants. Separation from familial and friendship networks prompted high levels of return visitation and telephone contact with their homeland, establishing the group as a highly transnational in relational terms. Examining the experiences of this invisible immigrant group through a constructionist lens contributed to the broader understanding of whiteness, transnationalism and the Irish diaspora generally.

New Zealanders’ motivations for migrating to Australia and the effect of migration on their cultural and national identity were examined through analysis of interviews and surveys with New Zealand migrants and stayers. Factors influencing the move included economic pull factors, lifestyle factors, family reunification, some dissatisfaction with New Zealand society, the desire for a change, and a sense of adventure. Participants reported a high level of satisfaction with their new lives in Australia, and once resident there, initial motivating reasons merged with factors which reinforced and justified the decision to move. These included the benefits of a warmer climate, the perception that Australia was a more relaxed and tolerant society, and the belief by Maori that living in Australia freed them from negative stereotypes.New Zealand migrants to Australia revised their identity in light of their new experiences, and yet continued to view New Zealand positively, retaining aspects of their New Zealand identity as part of their ongoing evolving identity. However, while feeling at home in both countries, as time went on many migrants adopted a more Australian identity. Over time, they considered Australia was superior in a number of respects, and adapted and changed in response to Australian influences. Despite this, migrants maintained the boundary between New Zealand and Australian characteristics through a process of constant comparisons and, somewhat ambivalently, retained their strong positive regard for New Zealand. In the main, participants considered they could be happy in either country, but were happier in Australia. Migrants constructed positive reasons to justify their move and viewed themselves as adventurous and determined, while stayers constructed equally positive reasons for staying in New Zealand, seeing themselves as settled and stable.

This Thesis is a study of the communication process through which prospective migrants became informed about life in Australia. It is addressed particularly to migration from Italy, where data was obtained during the period 1979 to 1981. The Study focusses upon the communication of information from official sources, namely the government, as represented by the Department of Immigration and Ethnic Affairs. Given the basic premise that appropriate information is an important aid to settlement, the proposal is made that problems can arise in the communication of that information. Various solutions to problems of settlement have been sought and applied since the inception of Australia's post-war immigration program. While the period since 1977 has witnessed an increasing attention to the provision of post-arrival services for migrants, it is suggested that there has been little change in the provision of information overseas which might assist prospective migrants in the critical pre-migration period. The Thesis sets out an historical overview of the problem: a study of the principal participants in the present day context, a report of the research undertaken in Italy to examine both the communication process and the information needs of prospective migrants, and an analysis of the data based upon the application of communication theory. The Study revealed that certain topics, for which prospective migrants had expressed an information need, were not covered in pre-migration counselling sessions. Information on other topics reflected the orientation of the government, as communication source, and the migration officer as transmitter, and were not within the frame of reference of the applicants as receivers of the communication. Lack of mutuality regarding the purposes of information transfer, and the differing attitudes and perceptions of the participants in the communication process, created problems. The Study found that prospective migrants presented at different stages of readiness to receive information, and that assumptions were made regarding the information needs of Italian applicants which failed to take into account the fact that conditions have changed within Italy. Group counselling was initially successful, from a communication point of view, as a two-way process, but its unexpected outcome was decreased efficiency which conflicted with institutional objectives. If the communication of information is accepted as an important aid to settlement, the application of educational principles (which should improve both the communication process and the information conveyed) would lead to improved chances for settlement, with benefit to prospective migrants, the government, and the receiving society.

This thesis begins with a historical analysis of the legal precedent which has granted the federal government exceptional power over immigration legislation, and demonstrates how that authority has expanded in the last half-century. It then proposes an alternative scheme which would embrace immigration federalism and allow states a larger, but still closely regulated, role in legislation over aliens.

Thèse--Droit--Casablanca--Faculté de droit, 1993. / En appendice, interview du docteur Hassan Tourabi. Bibliogr. p. 435-446. Notes bibliogr. Diff. en France.

Texte remanié de: Thèse de doctorat--Géographie--Strasbourg 1, 2000. / Bibliogr. p. 271-279. CREPOS = Centre de recherche sur les politiques sociales.

Thèse d'exercice : Médecine. Médecine générale : Paris 12 : 2006. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. f. 47-50.

Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Homeland Security and Defense)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2009. / Thesis Advisor(s): Bach, Robert; Joyce, Nola. "December 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 26, 2009. Author(s) subject terms: U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS), immigration, benefit, fraud, terrorism, border security, watch list, immigration reform. Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-91). Also available in print.