<p>Internet is growing every day and this is leading to an address depletion of the current IPv4 addresses. A new version of IPv4, called IPv6, is the protocol for addressing computers that will deal with this problem. IPv4 and IPv6 are unfortunately not compatible with each other. IPv4 and IPv6 have to co-exist for a long time until IPv6 will be the dominant protocol.</p><p>The purpose of this thesis is to examine how a transition could be done or more correctly, how to deploy IPv6 in an already existing IPv4 network. After that part of the report a case study at the local Internet service provider Junet AB will be conducted. This case study will investigate an IPv6 deployment scenario for Junet AB.</p><p>A theoretical background has been written that describes some steps an Internet service provider has to go through to deploy IPv6. The case study was conducted after the theoretical background was written. The result of this report shows that a deployment of IPv6 in an IPv4 network is technically achievable. All the main components to maintain and use IPv6 in a commercial network exist.</p><p>The case study indicates that it is possible to deploy IPv6 in Junet AB´s network. IPv4 and IPv6 could be used in their network without any major effort. IPv6 have been around for many years now but have not had that break through many early adopters have hoped for. A lack of documentation and experience is an obstacle for a deployment of IPv6.One thing that remains now is to prove that there is a need for IPv6, but that is out of scope for this thesis.</p>

<p>With the growth in social, political and economic importanceof the Internet, it has been recognized that the underlyingtechnology of the next generation Internet must not only meetthe many technical challenges but must also meet the socialexpectations of such a pervasive technology. As evidence ofthe strategic importance of the development of the Internet,the European Union has adopted a communication to the Counciland the European Parliament focusing on the next generationInternet and the priorities for action in migrating to the newInternet protocol IPv6 andalso a new Directive (2002/58/EC) on'processing of personal data and protection of privacy in theelectronic communication sector'. The Data Protection Directiveis part of a package of proposals for initiatives which willform the future regulatory framework for electroniccommunications networks and services. The new Directive aims toadapt and update the existing Data ProtectionTelecommunications Directive (97/66/EC) to take account oftechnological developments. However, it is not well undersoodhow this policy and the underlying Internet technology can bebrought into alignment.</p><p>This dissertation builds upon the results of my earlierlicentiate thesis by identifying three specific, timely, andimportant privacy areas in the next generation Internet: uniqueidentifiers and observability, privacy enhanced location basedservices, and legal aspects of data traffic.</p><p>Each of the three areas identified are explored in the eightpublished papers that form this dissertation. The paperspresent recommendations to technical standarization bodies andregulators concerning the next generation Internet so that thistechnology and its deployment can meet the specific legalobligations of the new European Union data protectiondirective.</p>

Thèse de doctorat : Sciences informatiques : Paris Est : 2008. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre.

Due to terminal mobility and change of service area, efficient IP mobility support is an important aspect in UMTS networks in order to provide mobile users negligible packet loss rate and low handover latency, and thus some level of guaranteed quality-ofservice (QoS) to support real-time applications. 3G/UMTS has been specified and implemented as an end-to-end mobile communications system. The underlying WCDMA access systems manage radio access handover (layer 1) and provide linklayer mobility (layer 2) in terms of connection setup and resource management. For the UMTS nodes to have seamless connectivity with the Internet, the UMTS core networks need to be able to support continuous and no network service session handover (layer 3 and above). A long IP handover latency results in high packet loss rate and severely degrades its end-to-end transport level performance. Network-layer handover latency has therefore been regarded as one of the fundamental limitations in IP-based UMTS networks. Therefore, it is crucial to provide efficient network-layer mobility management in UMTS/WCDMA networks for seamless end-to-end TCP connection with the global Internet. Mobility of UMTS nodes necessitates extra functionalities such as user location tracking, address registration and handover related mechanisms. The challenge to provide seamless mobility in UMTS requires localised location management and efficient IP handover management. Mobile IPv6 protocol offers a better mobility support as the extended IPv6 features with mobility mechanism are integrated to the mobile nodes. To mitigate the effect of lengthy IP handover latency, two well-known handover reducing mechanisms based on Mobile IPv6 support have been proposed in the literature. They are designed with hierarchical network management and address pre-configuration mechanism. Hierarchical management aims to reduce the network registration time, and fast-handover attempts to minimise the address resolution delay. S-MIP (Seamless Mobile IP) integrates the key benefits of the above IP mobility mechanisms coupled with local retransmission scheme to achieve packet lossless and extremely low handover latency, operating in WLAN environments. In this thesis, we explore the possible Mobile IP solutions and various IP handover optimisation schemes in IPv6 to provide seamless mobility in UMTS with the global Internet. It aims at developing an optimised handover scheme that encompasses the packet lossless and extremely low handover latency scheme in S-MIP, and applying it into the UMTS/WCDMA packet data domain. Therefore, the hybrid UMTS-SMIP architecture is able to meet the requirements of delay sensitive real-time applications requiring strict delay bound, packet lossless and low handover latency performance for end-to-end TCP connection during a UMTS IP-based handover. The overall seamless handover architecture in UMTS facilitates integrated, scalable and flexible global IP handover solution enabling new services, assuring service quality and meeting the user???s expectations in future all-IP UMTS deployment. The viability of the seamless mobility scheme in UMTS is reflected through and validated in our design model, network protocol implementation, and service architecture. We illustrate the performance gained in QoS parameters, as a result of converged UMTS-SMIP framework compared to other Mobile IPv6 variants. The simulation results show such a viable and promising seamless handover scheme in UMTS on IP handover latency reduction on its end-to-end TCP connection.

<p>Allt ifrån persondatorer, mobiltelefoner och bilar kommer inom en snar framtid att vara uppkopplade mot Internet. Detta medför att varje enhet med en förbindelse till Internet kommer att behöva en unik IP-adress för att identifiera sig själv samt resten av Internet. Dagens Internet i form av IP version 4 (IPv4) kan inte hantera detta på grund av bristen på IPv4-adresser. Vidare saknar det nuvarande IPv4 trots det massiva antalet användare någon form av inbyggd säkerhet samtidigt som efterfrågan av nya tjänster samt teknologi från användare av Internet drastiskt ökar. Uppföljaren till IPv4, vars tekniska specifikation redan är färdigställd och standardiserad kallas IP Version 6 (IPv6). Det nyare IPv6 uppgraderar adressrymden som det äldre IPv4 tillhandahåller vilket löser problemet med sinande IPv4-adresser. Vidare förbättrar IPv6 säkerheten på Internet genom sitt inbyggda stöd för kryptering samtidigt som det erbjuder förbättrad tillförlitlighet, nya tjänster samt en rad tekniska fördelar över IPv4. Trots problemen med det utdaterade IPv4 som skapades för mer än 20 år sedan visar sig dock övergången från IPv4 till IPv6 svårartad. Utvecklingen av IPv6 varierar från en geografisk region till en annan. Företag och användare vet inte idag när de kan förvänta sig IPv6 samt dess tjänster från de stora Internetleverantörerna. Denna rapport ämnar undersöka vad det är som varit viktigast för att Internetleverantörerna ej övergått från IPv4 till IPv6 i större grad än vad som skett hittils. Resultatet av rapporten kan ge en insikt i vad det är som behöver förändras för att utvecklingen av IPv6 kan ta fart på riktigt. Vidare kan den ge en inblick i var i övergången från IPv4 till IPv6 Internetleverantörerna står idag</p>

This master thesis deals with integration of IPv6 network protocol into production computer network of Mendel University in Brno in the routing field. The integration includes the Dual Stack transition mechanism, IPv6 address plan, static routing at the perimeter of the university network, and OSPFv3 and MP-BGP routing protocols. Proposed integration plan was verified in the Laboratory of computer networking at the Department of Informatics at FBE MENDELU, and it serves as a template for a final implementation in the production network.

Allt ifrån persondatorer, mobiltelefoner och bilar kommer inom en snar framtid att vara uppkopplade mot Internet. Detta medför att varje enhet med en förbindelse till Internet kommer att behöva en unik IP-adress för att identifiera sig själv samt resten av Internet. Dagens Internet i form av IP version 4 (IPv4) kan inte hantera detta på grund av bristen på IPv4-adresser. Vidare saknar det nuvarande IPv4 trots det massiva antalet användare någon form av inbyggd säkerhet samtidigt som efterfrågan av nya tjänster samt teknologi från användare av Internet drastiskt ökar. Uppföljaren till IPv4, vars tekniska specifikation redan är färdigställd och standardiserad kallas IP Version 6 (IPv6). Det nyare IPv6 uppgraderar adressrymden som det äldre IPv4 tillhandahåller vilket löser problemet med sinande IPv4-adresser. Vidare förbättrar IPv6 säkerheten på Internet genom sitt inbyggda stöd för kryptering samtidigt som det erbjuder förbättrad tillförlitlighet, nya tjänster samt en rad tekniska fördelar över IPv4. Trots problemen med det utdaterade IPv4 som skapades för mer än 20 år sedan visar sig dock övergången från IPv4 till IPv6 svårartad. Utvecklingen av IPv6 varierar från en geografisk region till en annan. Företag och användare vet inte idag när de kan förvänta sig IPv6 samt dess tjänster från de stora Internetleverantörerna. Denna rapport ämnar undersöka vad det är som varit viktigast för att Internetleverantörerna ej övergått från IPv4 till IPv6 i större grad än vad som skett hittils. Resultatet av rapporten kan ge en insikt i vad det är som behöver förändras för att utvecklingen av IPv6 kan ta fart på riktigt. Vidare kan den ge en inblick i var i övergången från IPv4 till IPv6 Internetleverantörerna står idag

IPv6 Privacy extensions, implemented in major operating systems, hide user’s identity by using a temporary and a randomly generated IPv6 addresses rather than using the former, EUI-64 format where the MAC address is part of the IPv6 address. This solution for privacy has created a problem for network administrators to back-trace an IPv6 address to a specific MAC address, since the temporary IP address used once by the node is removed from the interface after a period of time. An IPv6 Ethernet test bed is setup to investigate IPv6 implementation dynamics in Windows 7 and Ubuntu10.04 operating systems. The testbed is extended to investigate the effects of temporary IPv6 addresses due to IPv6 privacy extensions on the on-going sessions of different applications including ping, File Transfer Protocol (FTP) and video streaming (HTTP and RTP). On the basis of the knowledge obtained from investigations about dynamics of IPv6 privacy extensions, this work proposes Internet Protocol version 6 Host Tracking (IPv6HoT), a web based IPv6 to MAC mapping solution. IPv6HoT uses Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) to forward IPv6 Neighbor table from routers to Network Management Stations (NMS). This thesis work provides guidelines for configuring IPv6 privacy extensions in Ubuntu10.04 and Windows 7; the difference of implementation between these two operating systems is also presented in this work. The results show that temporary IPv6 addressing has a definite effect on the on-going sessions of video streaming and FTP applications. Applications running as server on Temporary IPv6 address encountered more frequent on-going session interruptions than applications running as a server over public IPv6 address. When temporary IPv6 addresses were configured to host FTP and video streaming applications, their on-going sessions were permanently interrupted. It is also observed that LFTP, a client FTP application, resumes an interrupted session. / theodrosmek11@gmail.com, iamvivek86@gmail.com

Internet is growing every day and this is leading to an address depletion of the current IPv4 addresses. A new version of IPv4, called IPv6, is the protocol for addressing computers that will deal with this problem. IPv4 and IPv6 are unfortunately not compatible with each other. IPv4 and IPv6 have to co-exist for a long time until IPv6 will be the dominant protocol. The purpose of this thesis is to examine how a transition could be done or more correctly, how to deploy IPv6 in an already existing IPv4 network. After that part of the report a case study at the local Internet service provider Junet AB will be conducted. This case study will investigate an IPv6 deployment scenario for Junet AB. A theoretical background has been written that describes some steps an Internet service provider has to go through to deploy IPv6. The case study was conducted after the theoretical background was written. The result of this report shows that a deployment of IPv6 in an IPv4 network is technically achievable. All the main components to maintain and use IPv6 in a commercial network exist. The case study indicates that it is possible to deploy IPv6 in Junet AB´s network. IPv4 and IPv6 could be used in their network without any major effort. IPv6 have been around for many years now but have not had that break through many early adopters have hoped for. A lack of documentation and experience is an obstacle for a deployment of IPv6.One thing that remains now is to prove that there is a need for IPv6, but that is out of scope for this thesis.

Den 21 januari 2011 delades de sista tillgängliga blocken av IPv4-adresser ut. Detta gör att dess efterträdare IPv6 är aktuellare än någonsin, då det snart inte finns några adresser kvar. IPv6 för med sig mer inbyggd säkerhet, men också nya säkerhetsrisker. Detta arbete undersöker vilka säkerhetsrisker gällande tillgänglighet som finns vid en övergång från IPv4 till IPv6 och vilken medvetenhet systemadministratörer har om dessa. Resultaten tyder på att det finns en mängd olika säkerhetsrisker vid övergången till IPv6. Många av riskerna uppkommer på grund av Neighbor Discovery Protocol. Andra risker uppstår på grund av extension headers, ICMPv6 och fragmentering. Vidare har det framkommit att systemadministratörer generellt har en låg medvetenhet om de säkerhetsrisker som förekommer vid en övergång från IPv4 till IPv6. Resultaten tyder på att medvetenheten ökar med utbildningsnivån samtidigt som praktisk erfarenhet av IPv6 inte verkar påverka systemadministratörernas medvetenhet.