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Escalation of Commitment in Information Technology Projects: A Goal Setting Theory PerspectiveKasi, Vijay 03 December 2007 (has links)
ABSTRACT ESCALATION OF COMMITMENT IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY PROJECTS: A GOAL SETTING THEORY PERSPECTIVE BY VIJAY KASI Aug 30, 2007 Committee Chair: Dr. Mark Keil Major Academic Unit: Center for Process Innovation Information technology (IT) projects are prone to failure. One explanation for the high failure rate among IT projects is that managers overly commit to a failing course of action, a phenomenon referred as escalation of commitment. While the notion of goals and commitment are central to the phenomenon of escalation, very few prior studies have investigated their impact on escalation. In this study, a research model rooted in goal setting theory is advanced to better understand escalation of commitment of IT project managers. A role-playing experiment with 350 IT managers was used to test the proposed research model. The results of the study suggest that IT managers are more willing to escalate their commitment under the influence of easy and vague goals compared to difficult and specific goals. Initial goal commitment of IT managers and the level of project completion were found to have a significant effect on IT manager’s willingness to continue. Initial goal commitment of IT managers was also found to moderate the relationship between goal difficulty and willingness to continue. In other words, when there is a higher level of goal commitment, an easy goal will have a greater effect in terms of promoting an individual’s willingness to continue.
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How Distributed Pair Programming (DPP) can mitigate risk factors causing challenged IT projects : An interview study with software developers / Hur distribuerad parprogrammering (DPP) kan motverka riskfaktorer som orsakar utmanade IT-projekt : En intervjustudie med mjukvaruutvecklareÖberg, Dennis, Thim, Gustaf January 2022 (has links)
The rise of Agile project methodologies has increased the success rate of software development projects, but recent studies show that, even though the risk of failing has lessened, only 31% of the completed software development projects are declared as successful while the rest are declared either challenged or failed. A concept called Pair Programming that derives from agile methodologies is widely and basically always used by developers but in present time as we are heading towards a more remote environment and Distributed Pair Programming has become a hot topic. At its core, it is the same as Pair Programming, but the coding session is conducted in a distributed setting, meaning, the two developers are not sitting next to each other. There are little to no studies conducted about DPPs impact on software development projects and if DPP has the potential to mitigate risk factors that may arise while implementing code in an agile software development project. The purpose of this thesis has been to research and discover what the perceived benefits and drawback of Distributed Pair Programming (DPP) are and which factors that are the most harmful to a software development project and if DPP can facilitate higher success rates. To answer the research questions, a qualitative research method has been used. The empirical data have been gathered by conducting 6 semi structured interviews with developers. Further, a thematic analysis has been carried through with the intent to easily map out the different themes that appears during the interviews. The findings from the conducted study shows that there are multiple drawbacks and benefits. According to the informants, the benefits outweigh the drawbacks in such a manner that by not conducting DPP, they set themselves up for setbacks. It is very beneficial when onboarding a new team member and when tackling tougher problems. When it comes to implementing DPP in a successful manner there is a need for a digital infrastructure that supports verbal communication, web camera, screensharing and collaboration tools. / Ökningen av agila projektmetoder har ökat framgångsfrekvensen för programvaruutvecklingsprojekt, men nyare studier visar att även om risken för att misslyckas har minskat, förklaras endast 31 % av de avslutade programvaruutvecklingsprojekten som framgångsrika medan resten förklaras antingen utmanade eller misslyckades. Ett koncept som kallas för parprogrammering som härrör från gila metoder används i stor utsträckning och i princip alltid av utvecklare, men för närvarande är vi på väg mot en mer digital miljö och distribuerad parprogrammering(DPP) har blivit ett hett ämne. I grunden är det samma sak som parprogrammering men kodningssessionen genomförs i en distribuerad miljö, vilket innebär att de två utvecklarna inte sitter bredvid varandra. Det finns väldigt få studier utförda om DPPs inverkan på programvaruutvecklingsprojekt och om DPP har potential att mildra riskfaktorer som kan uppstå när kod implementeras i ett agilt programvaruutvecklingsprojekt. Syftet med detta examensarbete har varit att undersöka och upptäcka vad de upplevda fördelarna och nackdelarna med DPP är och vilka faktorer som är mest skadliga för ett programvaruutvecklingsprojekt och om DPP kan främja högre framgångsfrekvens. För att besvara forskningsfrågorna har en kvalitativ forskningsmetod använts. Empirin har samlats in genom att genomföra 6 semistrukturerade intervjuer med utvecklare. Vidare har en tematisk analys genomförts i syfte att enkelt kartlägga de olika teman som framställts under intervjuerna. Resultaten från den genomförda studien visar att det finns flera nackdelar och fördelar. Enligt informanterna uppväger fördelarna nackdelarna på ett sådant sätt att man genom att inte bedriva DPP dukar upp för problem. Det är mycket fördelaktigt när en ny teammedlem ska introduceras och när du tar itu med ett tufft problem. När det gäller att implementera DPP på ett framgångsrikt sätt finns ett behov av bra digital infrastruktur som stödjer verbal kommunikation, webbkamera, skärmdelning och samarbetsverktyg.
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