Cette thèse étudie la transnationalisation d'un mouvement issu de la confrérie musulman Tidjaniyya : le mouvement Tidjaniyya Ibrahimiyya. Fondé en 1929, ce mouvement a pu s'exporter dans différents pays d'Afrique grâce à une forme de prédication itinérante développée par son fondateur (Ibrahim Niasse, 1902-1975) et ses premiers lieutenants. Depuis la disparition d'Ibrahim Niasse, un groupe hétérogène d'acteurs (les héritiers), poursuivent cette dynamique de transnationalisation en vue, d'une part d'assurer la promotion du mouvement et, d'autre part, d'acquérir une meilleure considération sociale et politique. Cette thèse s'appuie sur l'ethnographie multi-située, l'observation participante, l'analyse de discours et le traitement des archives (internes et externes), en vue d'interroger l'expérience de l'itinérance transnationale chez les héritiers de la Ibrahimiyya. Dans un second temps, il est question de faire l'inventaire des enjeux socio-politiques et économiques qui délimitent la transnationalisation de ce mouvement Ibrahimiyya. / This thesis investigates the trans movement from the Muslim brotherhood Tidjaniyya: the Tidjaniyya Ibrahimiyya movement. Founded in 1929, this movement could be exported to different countries in Africa through a form of itinerant preaching developed by its founder (Ibrahim Nisse, 1902-1975) and his first lieutenant. Since the disappearance of Ibrahim Niasse, a diverse group of stakeholders (the heirs), continuing the momentum of trans nationalization to ensure on the one hand, promoting movement; and secondly, to gain a better social and political status. This thesis is based on the multi-located ethnography, participant observation, discourse analysis and processing records (internal and external), to examine experience of transnational roaming among heirs of Ibrahimiyya.

Senegal is a country in West Africa that is 95% Muslim and where Islam is deeply linked to hip-hop music. According to existing academic research, the emerging rappers in the artistic and cultural scene in Dakar are men and belong to the Sufi Taalibe Bay brotherhood, whose founder Ibrahim Niasse (1900-1975) is considered the spiritual leader of the rappers. Through the use of hip-hop, they communicate religious messages and attract many young people to Bay’s movement.This thesis presents for the first time a study concerning the musical material of a young Senegalese female artist belonging to this Sufi brotherhood, namely Aida Sock. Currently, no academic studies are acknowledging the presence of the female disciples of Bay and how they use hip-hop music as a means of spreading Sufi mystical Islam. This study aims to fill this academic gap through an interpretative analysis of the symbolism and religious message present in two of Aida Sock’s music videos: “Road to Redemption” and “The Highest”. The research also hopes to encourage othe racademics to look into this untouched topic further.