No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

I studied how geology, land use and rainfall, correlated with peak flow responses in 110 headwater stream sites during a drought year. Highest discharges were observed in the most developed catchments and in the most poorly drained soils, but specific responses were variable depending on both geology and land disturbance. Redundancy analysis indicated that both surficial geology and land disturbance were important predictors of discharge and that rainfall was in general a poor predictor of discharge. I conclude that responses of headwater streams to individual storms are unpredictable from data generated using GIS, but increased peak flows occur associated with human development, mitigated by surficial geology. The headwater streams that are most vulnerable to flow alterations occur on poorly drained soils, and where urbanization tends to concentrate. Much greater attention to managing water is required if further degradation of stream ecosystems is to be prevented from our future land use.

Žemių užtvankų žemutinio bjefo atraminės sienos (toliau – AS) yra veikiamos nepalankių klimatinių poveikių, vandens, grunto slėgio ir kt. apkrovų. Veikiant agresyvioms aplinkoms ir apkrovoms atsiranda pažaidos, kurios ardo atraminę sieną bei mažina konstrukcijos laikomąją galią. Darbo tikslas – įvertinti nepalankių aplinkos poveikių įtaką atraminių sienų skerspjūvio sumažėjimui. 2007–2010 metais mokslinių ekspedicijų metu įvertinta 21 hidromazgo atraminių sienų būklė. Apžiūrėtos Kauno, Panevėžio, Utenos ir Marijampolės apskričių hidromazgų atraminės sienos, fiksuotos svarbiausios pažaidos. Detaliau ištirta Antanavo hidromazgo atraminė siena, įvertintas sienos skerspjūvio sumažėjimas dėl nepalankių aplinkos poveikių. Pagal tyrimų duomenis pasiūlyti pažaidų, mažinančių atraminių sienų skerspjūvį, remonto būdai. / Retaining walls of lower head–water of ground dams are influenced by negative climatic impacts, water, ground pressure and other loads. Upon the effect of aggressive environment and loads, deteriorations occur destroying the retaining wall as well as reducing the bearing capacity of the constructions. The aim of the work is to evaluate reduction of cross–section of retaining walls as a result of negative environmental impacts. Through the period 2007–2010 on scientific expeditions the condition of retaining walls of 21 hydroshemes was assessed. Retaining walls of hydroschemes in the counties of Kaunas, Panevezys, Utena and Marijampole have been examined, the most significant deteriorations were fixed. Retaining wall in Antanavas hydropower station was examined in detail; reduction of cross–section of retaining wall due to the influence of negative environmental impacts was assessed.

Vår uppsats syftar till att skapa en bild av hur sociala medier påverkar en turistupplevelse. Teknologi är idag ett fenomen som har integrerats i det vardagliga livet och har även blivit en del av dagens resande. Sociala medier utgör en stor del av dagens teknologiska användande och används idag frekvent av många människor under en turistupplevelse. Vi anser att sociala mediers alltmer inflytelserika roll i människors resande skapar en möjlighet för oss att studera detta relativt outforskade område. Genom en empirisk utgångspunkt i form av djupgående intervjuer har vi skapat en tydlig uppfattning av hur sociala medier påverkar en turistupplevelse. Vi har genom studien kommit till insikt att en turistupplevelse kan påverkas av sociala medier på olika vis, samt till olika utsträckning.

No description available.

No description available.

The current study set out to explore the affect and significance of differing parental conditions on the experiences commonly reported by young carers. Previous studies on young caring have reflected on the impacts of caring for parents with particular `types' of conditions (normally physical disability or mental health problems) or a specific diagnosis. However, these have not contrasted or discriminated young carers' experiences according to different parental conditions. To address this gap in knowledge, the current study considered the experiences of young carers supporting parents with different `types' of conditions, namely physical disability, mental health problems and substance misuse. The participants discussed the impact of caring on a range of areas such as their education, social life, health, spatial transitions, relationships and role reversals. Additionally, definitional issues were considered. This included young carers own understanding and subscription to the term `young carer' and the significance of this to their identification. In terms of methodology, the study was firmly grounded within the qualitative domain and influenced by a constructive-interpretive paradigm, specifically symbolic interactionism. Within this, the grounded theory approach was used insofar as it provided a method to conduct the study. A range of data-collection techniques were employed. Semi-structured interviewing was the principal method used, with additional data gathered through a self-esteem tool, observations and diaries. The sample consisted of 30 young carers. The results showed firstly that the participants did not necessarily comprehend the term `young carer' or apply it to their own caring roles at home. Arguably, this contributed to their `hidden-ness' (i. e. invisibility) and as a result their needs were overlooked. The need for a new definition which embraces their understandings, together with appropriate awareness-raising programmes within schools and for key social care and health professionals was evidenced and called for. Secondly, whilst the participants shared common experiences regardless of the nature of the parental condition, other issues reported were specific to particular situations. Those most adversely affected were caring in the contexts of parental substance misuse or parental mental health problems. Such young carers were dually disadvantaged, as they experienced the most extreme difficulties, yet their caring roles and needs were least likely to be addressed. The experiential differences reported by young carers in different caring contexts have important practice implications. Nevertheless, the extent to which the experiences reported could be wholly attributed to the caring role, rather than other structural and socio-economic factors was questionable.

Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.