No description available.

The long-term consequences of repetitive mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBIs), or concussions, as well as the immediate acute dangers of head collisions in sport have become of growing concern in the field of medicine, research and athletics. An estimated 3.8 million sports-related concussions occur in the United States annually, with the highest incidence having been documented in football, hockey, soccer, basketball and rugby (Harmon et al., 2013). The incidence of concussion in the National Rugby League (NRL) corresponds to approximately 8.0-17.5 injuries per 1000 playing hours, with tackling having been identified as the most common cause (Gardner et al., 2014; King et al., 2014). The highest incidence of rugby concussive impacts is a result of shoulder-to-head collisions (35%) during tackles and game play (Gardner et al., 2014). Shoulder-to-head concussive events occur primarily on the ball carrier and secondarily on the tacklers (Hendricks et al., 2014; Quarrie & Hopkins, 2008). While some studies report that the ball carrier is at a greater risk of sustaining a concussion (Gardner et al., 2015; King et al., 2010, 2014), others have demonstrated a greater incidence of tacklers being removed from play for sideline concussion evaluation (Gardner et al., 2014). Given this discrepancy, the purpose of this study was to compare dynamic response and brain tissue deformation metrics for ball carriers and defensive tacklers in professional rugby during shoulder-to-head concussive impacts using in-laboratory reconstructions. Ten cases with an injured defensive tackler and ten cases with an injured ball carrier were reconstructed using a pneumatic linear impactor striking a 50th percentile Hybrid III headform to calculate dynamic response and maximum principal strain values. There was no significant difference between the two impact conditions for peak resultant linear and rotational accelerations, as well as brain tissue deformation. Differences between metrics in this research and past research where the impacting system was not reported were discussed. These differences reflect the importance of accounting for impact compliance when describing the risk associated with collisions in professional rugby.

This thesis consists of comparison of different standards of chosen organisations and companies involved in sustainable trade at different levels -- fair trade, fair trade lite and ethical trade. International sustainable trade standards setting organisations are represented by Fairtrade Labelling Organisations International (FLO), the World Fair Trade Organisation (IFAT), Rainforest Alliance and UTZ Certified. The privat sector is represented by internal standards of several companies from Germany (Gepa, Rapunzel and El Puente), Austria (EZA) and USA (Starbucks). The main part of the thesis consists in description and consequent comparison of particular standards of each organisation/company. The short-run impacts of chosen standards on producers from developing countries are compared then (the long-run impacts cannot be compared yet because of lack of relevant data available).

This work analyses possible impacts of environmental tax reforms (ETR) on czech companies the first year in force. It also focus on environmental taxation in Europe, its history and first ETRs in Sweden, Denmark, Netherlands and Germany. Czech ETR was introduced 1.1. 2008 and its main aspects are analysed.

The thesis deals with the course and impacts of the crisis in the Visegrad Group countries. Chapter one is focused theoretically and generally. It describes monetary and fiscal expansion in two chosen models and defines the causes of the world economic crisis. In the second chapter the Visegrad Group is characterised, the course of the crisis in its member states is described and government`s anti-crisis measures are specified. Chapter three deals with the impacts of the crisis on chosen areas in the economy. Chapter four is focused on Poland, its economic development from 2000 to 2008 and during the crisis. In the last chapter the actual economic development in the Visegrad Group countries is analysed.

Ce travail de recherche porte sur l’étude du paléo-environnement du massif des Calanques, sur la mise en place d’une structure karstique de surface (poljé de Cassis, SE France) et sur l’empreinte de l’Homme sur son milieu. L’étude se base sur la réalisation de mesures géophysiques (électrique, gravimétrie, sismique passive) et sur l’analyse de plusieurs sondages, dont le principal est un enregistrement sédimentaire de 50 m de long carotté dans un paléo-lac situé à 2 km du littoral méditerranéen qui retrace le paléo-environnement du massif des Calanques au Pléistocène supérieur et à l’Holocène.Le paléo-lac de Cassis a été formé par la dissolution du calcaire barrémien et/ou par l’effondrement d’une cavité karstique, et a été rempli par une sédimentation laminée fine issue de l’érosion des marnes aptiennes, sédimentation qui caractérise un milieu de dépôt anoxique profond. Les observations spéléologiques et les analyses sédimentaires supposent l’existence d’une connexion entre le poljé et la rivière souterraine du Bestoaun.L’environnement holocène, stable sur toute la période holocène, est dominé par les formations herbacées sèches. L’impact de l’Homme sur l’environnement du massif des Calanques est visible au travers des modifications du réseau hydrographique local, de la métallurgie du plomb et de la mise en place de pratiques agro-pastorales. / This Phd research work focuses on : (1) paleo-environment of the Calanques, (2) karst structure formation (polje of Cassis, SE France) and (3) Holocene environmental changes linked to human activities.The study is based on a multi-geophysical methods approach (electrical resistivity tomography, gravimetric, passive sismic survey) and on several sedimentary records studies. The main sedimentary record is 50 m-long core coming from a pleistocene paleolake located 2 km from the Mediterranean Sea. Limestone dissolution and/or cavity collapse led to the development of a polje, rapidly filled by the erosion of Aptian marls in glacial period. The connection between the polje and the three kilometer long Bestouan underwater karstic conduit with submarine outlet is strongly suggested by sedimentological studies and geophysical prospections.The Holocene environment is dominated by dry herbaceous formations. Human activities impact on the environment is visible through (1) local water network changes, (2) lead metallurgy activity and (3) agro-pastoral practices.

The aim of this thesis is to define socio-economic impacts of the strategic industrial zones on the development of the region. The aim of the thesis was chosen with respect to the statement from literature, that industrial zones stimulate economic activity through making new jobs. In the first part of work are described teoretical fundamentals present by Czech and also foreign authors, who are focused on industrial zones problematics, characteristics of industrial zones in the Czech Republic and localization. In the second part are two case studies of strategic industrial zones Most-Joseph and Ostrava-Mošnov. The component of case studies is analysis of statistics for the period from 2000 to 2012, which results from observation of casual relations between development of zones and their surrounding areas lead to identification of economic and social impacts of strategic industrial zone on the development of the region.

My thesis deals with the current debt crisis in the eurozone with a focus on the situation in Slovakia. The aim of this work is to discover what impact this crisis has had on Slovakia as a member of the Monetary union. The first part deals with the beginning of the crisis, its general impact on the Union, and financial instruments and then shifts to the situation in Slovakia. Than the work deals with the impact of the crisis on the political and economic situation which is looked at both in terms of nominal and real convergence. The last part deals with the impact on Slovak society including opinions on the current situation of individual inhabitants.

The presented master thesis focuses on the topical issue of Croatian Accession to the European Union that took a place on July 1, 2013. Croatia became the twenty-eighth member in the time of adverse economic situation in the old continent, especially in the monetary union -- Eurozone, which problems spread all over the Union. The aim of this thesis is to describe the course of the process and evaluate and analyze possible impacts and benefits for both parties. The thesis is divided into three main chapters. The first chapter informs about political background of the state and economical development. The second chapter describes the process itself and its aspects, whereas in the third chapter the author evaluates possible impacts and benefits of the accession.

This thesis focuses on film incentives in the Czech republic and conditions of their implementation. The main task is to analyze the effect of state film incentives on volume of film production and to analyze economic effects of film incentives on state economy. The first part describes basic terms connected with film incentives, the way they work and reasons and results of their expansion. In the next part the regulatory impact assessment (RIA) of film incentives made by company EEIP for the Ministry of Culture of the Czech republic is analized. Then empirical analysis conducted with econometric model and linear regression is made to determine the effect of film incentives on volume of film production in the Czech republic. In the next part a critical analysis is used to revise results of the RIA. Along with the revizion of the results, own estimations are calculated. In the final part those estimations and the results of the RIA are both compared with real data.