Thesis (Doctoral)--Bayer. Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität zu München, 1934.

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Background: Digital impressions are becoming increasingly favored among dentists and dental technicians in Sweden. The knowledge about the use of digital impression techniques is important to improve the clinical work for dentists and dental technicians. However, the conventional impression techniques are still widely used although the digital impression techniques have become more preferred nowadays. Aim: The aim of this survey study was to investigate the use of digital impressions among dentists and dental technicians in Sweden. Pros and cons with the digital impression techniques were investigated as well as the areas in which it is used.  Method: Questionnaires were sent by post to dentists and dental technicians with different questions suited to each profession. The questionnaires were distributed to four regions representing the southern, western, eastern, and northern parts of the country. The questions contained information about the use of digital impressions.   Results: Fixed prosthodontics and the production of mouth guards are areas in which the digital impression techniques are most frequently used. Dentists believed that precision, time saving impression procedure and patient comfort were the greatest advantages with the digital impression techniques. Dental technicians thought that time, cost, possibility to reuse digital impressions and the minimization of the sources of error were the greatest advantages with the digital impression techniques.    Conclusions: The digital impression techniques are widely used among dentists and dental technicians, specifically within fixed prosthodontics and the production of mouth guards.

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Yes / The link between autistic people having a mind that is difficult to read (by neurotypical participants) and being perceived unfavorably was investigated. Videoed Autistic and neurotypical targets from Sheppard et al. (PLOS ONE 7(11):e49859, 2016) were scored for how readable they were when reacting to a distinctive greeting from the experimenter. These videos were presented to new groups of perceivers (neurotypical adults) who rated neurotypical targets more socially favorably than autistic targets irrespective of whether details of the experimenter’s greeting were concealed (Study 1) or disclosed (Study 2). Target readability correlated with ratings of target favorability (r = .58 and r = .63), independent of target diagnosis. Perceivers might rate targets unfavorably because they experience difficulty reading them, though other interpretations of the correlation are also possible. / Saudi Government Scholarship from the Saudi Arabian Cultural Bureau (SACB).

Voice perception is an integral component to social connection and communication. Using the sound of a voice we infer information about a speaker’s physical, psychological, and emotional characteristics. These impressions that are formed have the potential to influence behavioural responses to others. This thesis examines some of the fundamental assumptions of voice perception by replicating and extending their findings. In chapter 2, the assumption that exposure to voices alters how attractive voices are was tested. We did not find evidence that increased exposure to high- or low- pitched voices affected attractiveness judgements. Given that exposure to voices did not alter their perceived attractiveness, we were curious to explore if attractiveness judgements were part of first impressions people formed from voices. In chapter 3, we explored what people consciously thought about when listening to voices. We then used machine learning to organize and analyse free form descriptions of participant impressions of voices. A diverse set of topics were used when talking about voices including gender, accent, and social traits. We also confirmed that valence, dominance, and attractiveness were all important social dimensions even when participants were not prompted by researchers to evaluate traits on those domains. We followed these results by testing if the same model of dominance, trust, attractiveness, and competence applied in a practical setting. We had participants judge the voices of doctors and nurses. Low-pitched female voices were perceived as more competent sounding than male voices when they were labelled as belonging to doctors. Low-pitched voices were judged as more dominant regardless of voice sex and profession and high-pitched female voices and low-pitched male voices were judged as most attractive regardless of profession. We replicated previous findings for attractiveness and dominance perceptions and extended the work by applying it to a novel context. Our findings challenge and expand on existing assumptions of voice perception. / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) / This thesis takes a multi-layered approach to examine and challenge existing assumptions regarding the influence of the perception of voice on social judgements. We evaluated whether listening to high- or low-pitched voices during an adaptation condition influenced attractiveness judgements in a similar fashion to what has been found previously in normality judgments. We explored the complexity of social voice judgements based on existing social perception models and first impressions people form from listening to voices. Finally, we addressed how those perceptions might influence person judgements in a novel setting. This work provides a glance into the cognitive, social, and evolutionary complexity of voice impressions but also how those perceptions are used in commonplace interactions.

Enterprises utilize information and communication technology, including websites, to market themselves and expand their businesses. However, employing this technology is not always a guarantee of success, especially for small enterprises. This is often due to limited resources and to the extent of having web skills present within the enterprise. Deciding who will design the website for a small enterprise is therefore of importance since a well designed website is a requirement to attract interest in visitors. The design of a website is also a main factor for the first impression to a visitor, a website that is visually appealing tends to give a greater confidence at first glance. This thesis is based on the interest of small enterprises considerations about what website design development characteristics and objective characteristics is generating more positive first impressions. To find this out, interviews together with subjective and objective measures of visual aesthetics were conducted to immerse in the aesthetics of small enterprise websites. The methods implemented gave variables to test in a correlation analysis. This correlation analysis showed that two web development characteristics had strong correlations with users' perception of visual aesthetics. None of the objective aesthetic attributes based on previous theories gave any strong correlations. These characteristics were therefore supplemented with other objective characteristics, which gave two strong correlations. / Företag använder sig informations- och kommunikationsteknik, inklusive hemsidor, för att marknadsföra sig själva och för att växa som företag. Användandet av denna teknik är dock inte alltid en garanti för framgång, särskilt inte för småföretag. Detta beror ofta på begränsade resurser och i den utsträckning att det finns kompetens inom webbprogrammering i företaget. Beslutet att bestämma vem som ska design hemsidan för ett litet företag är därför av stor betydelse, eftersom en väl designad hemsida är ett krav för att locka intresse för besökare på hemsidan. En hemsidas design är också en viktig faktor för det första intrycket hos en besökare av en hemsida. Hemsidor som är visuellt tilltalande tenderar att ge större förtroende vid första anblicken. Denna masteruppsats bygger på intresset hos småföretags överväganden om vilka webutvecklingsegenskaper och objektiva estetiska egenskaper i en webbdesign som genererar mer positiva första intryck. För att ta reda på detta, genomfördes intervjuer samt subjektiva och objektiva mätningar av visuell estetik för att fördjupa sig i estetiken hos småföretags hemsidor. De genomförda metoderna gav variabler att testa i en korrelationsanalys. Denna korrelationsanalys visade att två utvecklingsegenskaper hade starka korrelationer med användares perception av visuell estetik. Ingen av de objektiva estetiska egenskaperna baserade på tidigare teorier gav starka korrelationer. Därför kompletterades dessa med andra objektiva egenskaper där två av dem gav starka korrelationer.

Esta pesquisa é construída através de uma investigação poética sobre o processo de criação do Mapeamento Geoperceptivo de espaços experenciados, que reúne em inventários coleções de imagens de espaços abandonados urbanos encontrados por meio de percursos realizados na cidade de Pelotas-RS. Revisita conceitos e noções de outras áreas, como a geografia, a história e a filosofia para definir os espaços experenciados como o encontro do corpo no espaço e tempo, assim como refere-se a errância no contexto da arte para pensar os modos operatórios do trabalho. Procura uma compreensão das linguagens, da fotografia, da impressão e do compartilhamento usadas em consonância com a poética e importante para a área. Os espaços experenciados estão reunidos em grupos de trabalhos organizados em dois inventários conforme o modo a linguagem utilizada. O Inventário UM reúne trabalhos sobre o uso da fotografia enquanto registro de um instante, referindo-se ao documento e ao colecionismo. São apresentados com diferentes dispositivos, como registro digital e por meio de reprodução. O Inventário DOIS concentra os trabalhos que discutem a digitalização, o múltiplo e o compartilhamento. A digitalização dos desenhos é recorrente criando, a possibilidade de reproduzi-las e compartilha-las. As imagens possuem caracter de múltiplos e tem objetivo da circulação. Por fim os trabalhos expressam sobre a memória e o espaço, memorar através da reprodução de imagens, fazendo uma crítica sobre o mau uso do espaço coletivo. A tese refere-se aos trabalhos da poética que tem como resposta ativar a memória espacial trazendo uma leitura perspectiva que questiona o uso da cidade e como a percebemos. / This research is built through poetic research on the process of creating Geoperceptive Mapping of Experienced Spaces. The research, which gathers in inventory collections of abandoned urban spaces, found through routes designed in the city of Pelotas-RS. It revisits concepts and notions of other areas such as geography, history and philosophy to define the experienced spaces as the encounter of the body in space-time, just as it refers to the wandering in the context of art to think about the operative modes of work. It seeks an understanding of the languages, photography, printing and sharing used in harmony with the poetic and important for the area. Experienced spaces are gathered in groups of works organized in two inventories according to the language used. Inventory ONE brings together works on the use of photography as a record of an instant, referring to the document and to collecting. Different dispositives are presented, like digital photography, and through reproduction. The Inventory TWO, concentrates the works that discuss digitalization, the multiple and sharing. The digitalization of the drawings is recurrent, creating the possibility to reproduce and share it. Images are multi-character and have purpose of circulation. Finally the works express about memory and space, to memorize through the reproduction of images, making a critique about the misuse of collective space. The thesis refers to the works of poetics that have the answer activate spatial memory bringing a perspective that questions the use of the city and how we perceive it.

Invasive procedures are often painful and distressing for children and disturbing for their parents. The purpose of this study was to develop a substantive theory of parental perceptions of their school-aged child's responses to an outpatient minor surgical procedure with nitrous oxide. The sample included 22 parents of 21 children who underwent a nitrous procedure. Participants were recruited from the pediatric surgery department at a children's hospital. Semi-structured, audio-recorded interviews were conducted with each participant. Grounded theory method was used to simultaneously collect and analyze the data using the constant comparative method. The findings of the study revealed parental impressions involving a process of various emotions and behaviors. The identified process began at procedural scheduling, progressing through the procedure, and terminated going home. The core category derived from the data was Weathering the Storm before the Calm by Securing Connections. This core category describes the complexity of parental impressions and all categories subsumed by the core category. Six major categories and seven subcategories derived from the data represent parental impressions. Parental feelings of anxiety and fear arose during initial phases of the process. Parents attempted to deal with these stormy feelings in several ways. Parents experienced a sense of calmness after the procedure upon realizing their child was safe. The theme that weaves through the entire process is the parental-child connection and parental presence during the nitrous procedure. Parents also identified barriers and facilitators they faced during this process. The substantive theory that emerged provides nurses with an understanding of the stormy and subsequent calm phases parents endured. This information offers clinicians unique interventions to help parents get through this process. Future research needs extension to other settings such as radiology and other specialties such as plastic surgery and urology. Further research warrants investigating children's perceptions to their procedure with nitrous oxide.